From Containment to Rationalization
From Containment to Rationalization

Author: Mr.Jean-Jacques Hallaert

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2016-01-21

Total Pages: 65

ISBN-13: 1513561812

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Achieving France’s medium-term fiscal targets will require significant expenditure efforts. This paper identifies areas where there is scope for increasing expenditure efficiency, with a view to achieving higher quality and more sustainable fiscal consolidation. The methodology is based on a triple benchmarking. First, the level of public expenditure in different categories is compared to other European countries. Second, the impact of spending is assessed against other European countries. Third, the input mix is analyzed to understand what components are responsible for the level of spending and for the quality of outcomes This is done for various categories of spending and policies. Based on these results, the paper then provides policy options for expenditure reform in each of these areas, drawing on successful reform episodes in other countries.

The Business of Waste
The Business of Waste

Author: Raymond G. Stokes

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-09-02

Total Pages: 347

ISBN-13: 1107292425

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The advent of consumer societies in the United Kingdom and West Germany after 1945 led to the mass 'production' of garbage. This book compares the social, cultural and economic fallout of the growing volume and changing composition of waste in the two countries from 1945 to the present through sustained attention to changes in the business of handling household waste. Though the UK and Germany are similar in population density, degrees of urbanisation, and standardisation, the two countries took profoundly different paths from low-waste to throwaway societies, and more recently, towards the goal of 'zero-waste'. The authors explore evolving balances between public and private provision in waste services; the transformation of public cleansing into waste management; the role of government legislation and regulation; emerging conceptualisations of recycling and resource recovery; and the gradual shift of the industry's regulatory and business context from local to national and then to international.

Kuwait
Kuwait

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2005-07-14

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13: 1451822324

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Kuwait’s 2005 Article IV Consultation reports that the economic and financial positions are projected to remain strong mainly on the expectation that world oil prices will decline only gradually. Reflecting sharply higher oil prices and production, economic conditions improved significantly in 2003 and 2004. The main economic challenge facing Kuwait is to create sufficient employment opportunities for the rapidly growing national labor force by accelerating the growth of the private non-oil economy.

Sustainable Urban Development Volume 2
Sustainable Urban Development Volume 2

Author: Mark Deakin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2007-04-11

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13: 113435438X

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In this book, the second of a three-volume series, leading authorities on the methodology of environmental assessment provide a unique insight into questions of critical importance to sustainable urban development. Using the framework and protocols set out in Volume 1, Volume 2 examines how well the environmental assessment methods evaluate the ecological integrity of urban development and equity of the resulting resource distribution. The examination focuses on: the instruments of environmental assessment approaches to environmental assessment based in systems-thinking methods for environmental, economic and social assessments their use in evaluating the sustainability of urban development. The Sustainable Urban Development Series contains the research and debate of the BEQUEST (Building, Environmental Quality Evaluation for Sustainability) network funded by the European Commission. Together the books provide a framework, set of protocols, environmental assessment methods and toolkit for policy makers, academics, professionals and advanced level students in urban planning and studies, as well as other areas of the built environment.

Sustainable Urban Development: The environmental assessment methods
Sustainable Urban Development: The environmental assessment methods

Author: S. R. Curwell

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 529

ISBN-13: 0415322162

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This second title of a three-volume series based on research by the influential BEQUEST network examines the methodology of environmental assessment, providing unique insight into critical aspects to sustainable urban development.

Healthcare Reform in America
Healthcare Reform in America

Author: Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2015-04-14

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13:

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This valuable handbook makes the U.S. health care system understandable, reviews the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or "Obamacare," describes past health care reform efforts, and covers the important organizations and people involved in U.S. health care reform. Why does the United States produce poorer outcomes for Americans in terms of health care than most other developed countries that spend a lower percentage of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on health care? Should health insurance be private or should it be managed by the government? The second edition of Healthcare Reform in America: A Reference Handbook addresses these complex and difficult questions and many more in its thorough treatment of one of the most controversial issues in contemporary American discourse. The work provides a broad introduction to the history and key issues in the development and reform of the U.S. health care system. It then addresses the recent passage of the Affordable Care Act and the myriad of significant expected changes due to the Act, thereby providing readers with information essential to understanding the current issues regarding health care reform. This work serves as a valuable resource to high school and college students as well as to general readers wanting to learn about the history and current focus of health care reform in the United States.

Tactical Readings
Tactical Readings

Author: Nicola Pitchford

Publisher: Bucknell University Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 9780838754870

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Both writers' novels borrow heavily from other authors, and in doing so they offer strategies for a politically committed rereading of literary history and its interaction with the popular imagination.".

Active Citizen Participation in E-Government: A Global Perspective
Active Citizen Participation in E-Government: A Global Perspective

Author: Manoharan, Aroon

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2012-02-29

Total Pages: 650

ISBN-13: 1466601175

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"This book focuses on the issues and challenges involving adoption and implementation of online civic engagement initiatives globally and will serve as a valuable guide to governments in their efforts to enable active citizen participation"--Provided by publisher.

Primo Levi's Narratives of Embodiment
Primo Levi's Narratives of Embodiment

Author: Charlotte Ross

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2010-09-13

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 1136868852

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This innovative reading of Primo Levi’s work offers the first sustained analysis in English of his representations of bodies and embodiment. Discussion spans the range of Levi’s works — from testimony to journalism, from essays to science fiction stories — identifying and tracing multiple narratives of embodiment and disembodiment across his oeuvre. These narratives range from the abject, disembodied condition of prisoners in Auschwitz, to posthuman or cyborg individuals, whose bodies merge with technological devices. Levi’s representations of bodies are explored in relation to theories of embodiment and posthumanism, bringing his work into new dialogue with critical discourses on these issues. Taking inspiration from Levi’s definition of the human being as a constructor of containers, as well as from the recurring references to both material and metaphorical containing structures in his work, the book suggests that for Levi, embodiment involves constant negotiations of containment. He depicts the complex relationships between physical and social bodies, the material and the immaterial self, the conscious and unconscious subject, the organic and the technologically-enhanced body, engaging with evolving understandings of the boundaries of the body, the self, and the human.