Formation and Collapse of Turbulent Wakes in Stratified Fluids
Author: Roy Hayden Monroe
Publisher:
Published: 1968
Total Pages: 156
ISBN-13:
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Turbulent Wakes in a Stratified Fluid. Part 1: Model Development, Verification, and Sensitivity to Initial Conditions
Author: W. S. Lewellen
Publisher:
Published: 1974
Total Pages: 134
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA computational model has been developed for the turbulent wake of a body moving through a stably stratified fluid. Details of the wake growth, collapse and generation of internal waves were examined by the application of a second-order closure approach to turbulent flow developed at A.R.A.P. over the past few years. Predictions of the model have been verified by comparison with a wide variety of wake flows including wakes with no momentum, wakes with axial momentum, wakes with angular momentum, and for wakes in both stratified and unstratified fluids. A sensitivity investigation reveals that the primary variable affecting the strength of the generated internal waves is the initial Richardson number, with the first local maximum of the vertical height of the wake scaling inversely with the 1/8th power of the initial Richardson number.
The Growth of a Turbulent Wake in a Density-stratified Fluid
Author: Walter P. M. van de Watering
Publisher:
Published: 1966
Total Pages: 116
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe force of gravity causes a turbulent wake in a density-stratified fluid to eventually cease its vertical growth and then to collapse towards its horizontal midplane. In the present investigation this phenomenon was studied experimentally. The turbulent wake was created by means of a spiral paddle, agitated by a pendulum-type arrangement outside a transparent lucite tank. Data were obtained from tracings of the motion pictures taken by a 16 mm movie camera. Both the pendulum arrangement and the paddle diameter were varied to find the possible influence of the experimental conditions. It was observed that the initial rate of growth in the vertical direction is constant, depending primarily on the density gradient and the agitation mechanism (i.e. pendulum and paddle diameter). This initial rate of growth of the wake, the maximum vertical thickness of the wake, the time at which collapse begins and the turbulence intensity within the wake at that time, were all correlated with the Vaisala frequency, resulting in three important constants which seemed to be independent of the experimental conditions. (Author).
Experiments on Turbulent Wakes in a Stable Density-stratified Environment
Author: Walter P. M. van de Watering
Publisher:
Published: 1969
Total Pages: 74
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn a laboratory experiment, turbulent mixed regions were generated in a linearly density-stratified fluid and their behavior was studied. Such regions may occur in nature in the atmosphere and in the ocean. Particularly during their early history, the shape of such regions is influenced by the interacting effects of turbulence and buoyancy, culminating in the occurrence of a maximum thickness and subsequent vertical collapse. A Richardson number (equivalent to the ratio of the characteristic turbulence time and the Vaisala period) was found satisfactorily to correlate the data obtained, together with those previously obtained by other investigators with self-propelled bodies. An estimate is made of the degree of mixing that takes place inside a turbulent mixed region during its growth in stably-stratified surroundings: the effectiveness of this mixing determines the ultimate thickness to which the mixing region collapses. (Author).
Turbulent Wakes in Density Stratified Fluids of Finite Extent
Author: Edmund A. Prych
Publisher:
Published: 1964
Total Pages: 65
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKResults are presented of an investigation of the effects of a free surface and density stratification of the turbulent transfer of mass and momentum in two-dimensional wakes. The effect of depth of submergence on the drag of a twodimensional body was also investigated.
Collapse of Turbulent Wakes in Stably Stratified Media
Author: S. Hassid
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 31
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA simple turbulent energy model and a calculation procedure are proposed, which are able to reproduce the main features of the collapse of turbulent wakes behind towed or self propelled bodies in stratified environments. The predictions of the model are shown to be in good agreement with the detailed experimental data of Lin and Pao, as well as with the flow visualization experiments of other workers. (Author).
The Shape of Two-dimensional Turbulent Wakes in Density-stratified Fluids
Author: Roy Hayden Monroe
Publisher:
Published: 1968
Total Pages: 85
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe results of an analytical and experimental investigation of the rate of growth of the zone of turbulent mixing behind a two-dimensional circular cylinder are presented. The analytical phase of the study formulated a dynamical model for a parcel of fluid subjected to inertia, turbulent damping, and gravity restoring forces. The experiments were conducted in a tank 120 in. long and 4.5 in. wide which was filled to a depth of 18 in. with a fluid having a linear density gradient. The cylinder was towed at mid-depth by a variable speed motor-pulley system. A record of wake growth behind the cylinder was made by means of motion pictures of an aluminum pigment tracer in the fluid. The Reynolds number ranged from 1300 to 3500 and densimetric Froude numbers varied from 5 to 20. The density stratification was found to exert a strong inhibiting force on the wake growth. Using the dynamical model to correlate experimental data, the mixing length in the turbulent zone was found to decrease with increasing density stratification. (Author).
Buoyancy Effects in Fluids
Author: John Stewart Turner
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1979-12-20
Total Pages: 416
ISBN-13: 9780521297264
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe phenomena treated in this book all depend on the action of gravity on small density differences in a non-rotating fluid. The author gives a connected account of the various motions which can be driven or influenced by buoyancy forces in a stratified fluid, including internal waves, turbulent shear flows and buoyant convection. This excellent introduction to a rapidly developing field, first published in 1973, can be used as the basis of graduate courses in university departments of meteorology, oceanography and various branches of engineering. This edition is reprinted with corrections, and extra references have been added to allow readers to bring themselves up to date on specific topics. Professor Turner is a physicist with a special interest in laboratory modelling of small-scale geophysical processes. An important feature is the superb illustration of the text with many fine photographs of laboratory experiments and natural phenomena.
IUTAM Symposium on Simulation and Identification of Organized Structures in Flows
Author: J.N. Sørensen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 512
ISBN-13: 9401146012
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume contains reviewed papers from the 1997 IUTAM Symposium, presenting the latest results from leading scientists within the field of detection and simulation of organized flow structures. It describes various aspects of complex, organized flow motion, including topics from decomposition techniques to topological concepts.
Theory of Wake Collapse in a Stratified Fluid
Author: Timothy W. Kao
Publisher:
Published: 1975
Total Pages: 19
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA complete theory of the collapse of a wake in the form of a two-dimensional circular mixed region of uniform density in a linearly stratified fluid is given. The initial stage is based on existing theories and the principal stage is based on the concept of a quasi-steady density current in a stratified environment. The two stages are properly matched. The dimensionless time at the initiation of the principal stage is theoretically determined. The theoretical finding is in excellent agreement with previous numerical and experimental results.
