Djibouti

Djibouti

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2012-06-08

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13: 147552806X

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The modern economy of the Republic of Djibouti is based on rents directly or indirectly originating from the international port of Djibouti and from the country’s strategic position. The Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper discusses that the growth recorded over the last five years is essentially driven by the increase in foreign direct investment—but especially by the activities of the Port of Djibouti. The informal economy constitutes a major proportion of the economic activities of Djibouti and provides a livelihood for much of the Djibouti population.


African Economic Outlook 2008

African Economic Outlook 2008

Author: African Development Bank

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2008-05-19

Total Pages: 689

ISBN-13: 9264046445

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The African Development Bank and OECD's annual assessment and projections for the African economies, now covering 35 countries.


Nepal

Nepal

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2004-10-21

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13: 1451829922

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This paper focuses on Nepal’s First Review of the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria. The difficult political and security situation notwithstanding, the PRGF-supported program is broadly on track. All quantitative targets for the first review were met, and all structural reform measures are expected to be implemented by the Board date, although some actions were completed after the target dates. For 2003/04, real GDP growth is estimated at 31⁄2 percent, in line with the program.


Smart, Resilient and Transition Cities

Smart, Resilient and Transition Cities

Author: Adriana Galderisi

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-07-17

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 0128114789

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Smart, Resilient and Transition Cities: Emerging Approaches and Tools for Climate-Sensitive Urban Development starts with a presentation of three widespread Urban Metaphors, which are gaining increasing attention from urban planners and decision-makers: Smart City, Resilient City and Transition Towns, being all of them focused on the need for enhancing cities’ capacities to cope with the multiple and heterogeneous challenges threatening contemporary cities and their future development and, above all, with climate issues. Then, the Authors provide an overview of current large-scale and urban strategies to counterbalance climate change so far undertaken in different geographical contexts (Europe, United States, China, Africa and Australia), shedding light on the different approaches, on the different weights assigned to mitigation and adaptation issues as well as on the main barriers hindering their effectiveness and translation into measurable outcomes. Opportunities and criticalities arising from the rich, ‘sprawled’ and ‘blurred’ landscape of current strategies and initiatives in the face of climate change pave the way to a discussion on the lessons learnt from current initiatives and provide new hints for developing integrated climate strategies, capable to guide planners and decision makers towards a climate sensitive urban development Smart, Resilient and Transition Cities: Emerging Approaches and Tools for Climate-Sensitive Urban Development merges a scientific approach with a pragmatic one. Through a case study approach, the Authors explore strengths and weaknesses of institutional and informal practices to foreshadow innovative paths for an adaptive process of urban governance in the face of climate change. The book guides the reader along new governance paths, characterized by continuous learning and close cooperation and communication among different actors and stakeholders and, in so doing, helps them to overcome current ‘siloed’ approaches to climate issues. Links resilience, smart growth, low-carbon urbanism, climate-friendly cities, sustainable development and transition cities, being all these concepts crucial to improve effective climate policies Includes a number of case studies showing how cities, different in size, geographical, cultural and economic contexts are currently dealing with climate issues, grasping synergies and commonalities arising from current institutional practices and transition initiatives Provides strategic and operative guidelines to overcome barriers and critical issues emerging from current practices, promoting cross-sectoral approaches to counterbalance climate change


Bhutan

Bhutan

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2005-03-09

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13: 145187782X

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This Joint Staff Advisory Note focuses on the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) Progress Report for Bhutan. Bhutan’s PRSP aims to galvanize the poverty reduction efforts of the Royal Government of Bhutan, building on past achievements. It targets an average growth rate of 8¼ percent during 2004/05–2006/07, which is about 1¾ percentage points above that experienced during the Eighth Plan and the first two years of the Ninth Plan. Pushing the economy to this higher growth trajectory will be a challenge; however, some increase in the growth rate can be expected over the medium term.


Lao People's Democratic Republic

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2007-11-07

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 1451822588

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The staff report for the 2007 Article IV Consultation on the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) explains economic performance. Growth is robust and increasingly reliant on large export-oriented mining and hydropower projects. The economic outlook is promising, but the outcome clearly depends on the government’s policy response to the emerging resource bonanza. The current fiscal regimes for the resource sector have several sound features, but some improvements are needed to align them to best international practices.


Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) - Status of Implementation

Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) - Status of Implementation

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2006-08-21

Total Pages: 94

ISBN-13: 1498332293

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This report reviews progress and issues in implementing the enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and reports on the implementation of the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) by IDA, the IMF, and AfDF. It concludes that the volume of debt relief has increased significantly since the inception of the HIPC Initiative in 1996, thereby reducing HIPCs’ debt service burdens and allowing them to finance increased poverty reduction efforts. It also provides updated information on the costs of debt relief under the HIPC Initiative and the MDRI. Finally, it reviews the status of creditor participation and delivery of debt relief under the two initiatives, highlighting the challenges to increase the participation by non–Paris Club official bilateral and commercial creditors in the HIPC Initiative.