Female Ex-Combatants, Empowerment, and Reintegration
Female Ex-Combatants, Empowerment, and Reintegration

Author: Michanne Steenbergen

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2022-02-24

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 1000544338

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Female Ex-Combatants, Empowerment, and Reintegration investigates the role of United Nations-led Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs in undermining female ex-combatants’ empowerment. The participation of female combatants in conflict has increasingly been recognized in feminist literatures and in policies and programs concerned with reintegrating ex-combatants and building peace. This has illustrated that female ex-combatants often experience "empowerment" through their role as combatant; however, this empowerment is often lost upon reintegration. UN-led DDR plays an important role in the broader peacebuilding process, as it is one of the largest interventions and directly aims to reintegrate ex-combatants into civilian life. This book draws on extensive field research and interviews with female ex-combatants and DDR officials in Liberia and Nepal to develop a nuanced and comprehensive picture of female ex-combatants’ empowerment and how this is undermined by DDR. Through reconceptualized frameworks of empowerment and an emancipatory peace, the book explores the pivotal role that DDR programs play in undermining female ex-combatants’ empowerment. The author argues that this is detrimental to peacebuilding, because DDR officials and documentation narrate female ex-combatants in limited and gendered ways, which reproduces gendered inequalities and define how female ex-combatants should behave. This book will be of great interest to scholars and practitioners working on gender, conflict, peace, security, and development.

Female Combatants in Conflict and Peace
Female Combatants in Conflict and Peace

Author: Seema Shekhawat

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-07-21

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 1137516569

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This edited volume illuminates the role of women in violence to demonstrate that gender is a key component of discourse on conflict and peace. Through an examination of theory and practice of women's participation in violent conflicts, the book makes the argument that both conflict and post-conflict situations are gender insensitive.

Girls with Guns
Girls with Guns

Author: Emily Katherine Maiden

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13:

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Since the passing of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1325, states recovering from violence have worked to integrate females into peacemaking and peacebuilding processes. However, many states - particularly in Africa - struggle to craft policy that properly integrates female ex-combatants into disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) programs. Much of the literature on this subject focuses on how women and girls are reintegrated and rehabilitated into civilian society. However, the first vital steps in the DDR process are disarmament and demobilization. Utilizing the Peace Accords Matrix, I analyze a number of recent cases in Africa to examine ways in which DDR policy can be improved to provide females with better, safer access to the cantonment sites where the DDR process initiates. The most important changes that must take place include expanding the definition of "combatant" to include those who are not armed and removing the label of "dependent" from female ex-combatants.

Gender, Conflict, and Development
Gender, Conflict, and Development

Author: Tsjeard Bouta

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 9780821359686

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This publication focuses on the gender dimensions of intrastate conflicts (civil wars), organised around eight key themes of gender and warfare, sexual violence, formal and informal peace processes, post-conflict legal frameworks, work issues, rehabilitation of social services and community-driven development. For each theme, the authors examine the impact on gender roles of conflict situations, the development challenges involved, and the policy options available to help build more inclusive and gender balanced post-conflict societies.

Female Ex-Combatants' Lived Experiences
Female Ex-Combatants' Lived Experiences

Author: Joy Tumwebaze

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783848445646

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Female participation in the military and even in other spheres of public life has long been culturally and socially constrained in many societies. In Africa, women have often been socially perceived as mothers and caretakers and as such, their roles have in many instances been limited to the domestic sphere. Although this culture is gradually changing as more women begin to access roles in the public sphere, including the military, studies seem to indicate that military work is still considered a male domain. Although women around the world have been actively participating in wars as fighters and they have gained high ranks. Females are demobilized first when war ends. Hence female ex-combatants are struggling to reintegrate socially into society once they have completed their military service. This study examined female ex-combatants' lived experiences in Rwanda and their communities' perceptions towards them. Specifically by exploring the impact of having been an ex-combatant on women's self-concept and social relationships, identify the specific gender issues facing female ex-combatants in the reintegration process.

Women and Wars
Women and Wars

Author: Carol Cohn

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-04-03

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 0745660665

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Where are the women? In traditional historical and scholarly accounts of the making and fighting of wars, women are often nowhere to be seen. With few exceptions, war stories are told as if men were the only ones who plan, fight, are injured by, and negotiate ends to wars. As the pages of this book tell, though, those accounts are far from complete. Women can be found at every turn in the (gendered) phenomena of war. Women have participated in the making, fighting, and concluding of wars throughout history, and their participation is only increasing at the turn of the 21st century. Women experience war in multiple ways: as soldiers, as fighters, as civilians, as caregivers, as sex workers, as sexual slaves, refugees and internally displaced persons, as anti-war activists, as community peace-builders, and more. This book at once provides a glimpse into where women are in war, and gives readers the tools to understood women’s (told and untold) war experiences in the greater context of the gendered nature of global social and political life.

The State of Peacebuilding in Africa
The State of Peacebuilding in Africa

Author: Terence McNamee

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-11-02

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 3030466361

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This open access book on the state of peacebuilding in Africa brings together the work of distinguished scholars, practitioners, and decision makers to reflect on key experiences and lessons learned in peacebuilding in Africa over the past half century. The core themes addressed by the contributors include conflict prevention, mediation, and management; post-conflict reconstruction, justice and Disarmament Demobilization and Reintegration; the role of women, religion, humanitarianism, grassroots organizations, and early warning systems; and the impact of global, regional, and continental bodies. The book's thematic chapters are complemented by six country/region case studies: The Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan/South Sudan, Mozambique and the Sahel/Mali. Each chapter concludes with a set of key lessons learned that could be used to inform the building of a more sustainable peace in Africa. The State of Peacebuilding in Africa was born out of the activities of the Southern Voices Network for Peacebuilding (SVNP), a Carnegie-funded, continent-wide network of African organizations that works with the Wilson Center to bring African knowledge and perspectives to U.S., African, and international policy on peacebuilding in Africa. The research for this book was made possible by a grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York.