Reassembling Rubbish

Reassembling Rubbish

Author: Josh Lepawsky

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2018-04-13

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 0262346389

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An examination of the global trade and traffic in discarded electronics that reframes the question of the “right” thing to do with e-waste. The prevailing storyline about the problem of electronic waste frames e-waste as generated by consumers in developed countries and dumped on people and places in developing countries. In Reassembling Rubbish, Josh Lepawsky offers a different view. In an innovative analysis of the global trade and traffic in discarded electronics, Lepawsky reframes the question of the “right” thing to do with e-waste, mapping the complex flows of electronic materials. He counters the assumption that e-waste is a post-consumer problem, pointing out that waste occurs at all stages of electronic materials' existence, and calls attention to the under-researched world of reuse and repair. Lepawsky explains that there are conflicting legal distinctions between electronic waste and non-waste, and examines a legal case that illustrates the consequences. He shows that patterns of trade do not support the dominant narrative of e-waste dumping but rather represent the dynamic ecologies of repair, refurbishment, and materials recovery. He asks how we know waste, how we measure it, and how we construe it, and how this affects our efforts to mitigate it. We might not put so much faith in household recycling if we counted the more massive amounts of pre-consumer electronic waste as official e-waste. Lepawsky charts the “minescapes,” “productionscapes,” and “clickscapes” of electronics, and the uneven “discardscapes” they produce. Finally, he considers both conventional and unconventional e-waste solutions, including decriminalizing export for reuse, repair, and upgrade; enabling ethical trade in electronics reuse, repair, refurbishment, and recycling; implementing extended producer responsibility; and instituting robust forms of public oversight.


Exporting Toxic Trash

Exporting Toxic Trash

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asia, the Pacific, and the Global Environment

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13:

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Environmental Harm

Environmental Harm

Author: White, Rob

Publisher: Policy Press

Published: 2014-09-24

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 1447320654

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This unique study of social harm offers a systematic and critical discussion of the nature of environmental harm from an eco-justice perspective, challenging conventional criminological definitions of environmental harm. The book evaluates three interconnected justice-related approaches to environmental harm: environmental justice (humans), ecological justice (the environment) and species justice (non-human animals). It provides a critical assessment of environmental harm by interrogating key concepts and exploring how activists and social movements engage in the pursuit of justice. It concludes by describing the tensions between the different approaches and the importance of developing an eco-justice framework that to some extent can reconcile these differences. Using empirical evidence built on theoretical foundations with examples and illustrations from many national contexts, ‘Environmental harm’ will be of interest to students and academics in criminology, sociology, law, geography, environmental studies, philosophy and social policy all over the world.


Transformative Climates and Accountable Governance

Transformative Climates and Accountable Governance

Author: Beth Edmondson

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-09-25

Total Pages: 319

ISBN-13: 3319974009

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This book explores the real-world consequences changing ideas and strategies have on effective climate governance. Its main focus is on why accountability matters - both for transformations and transitions in international climate change governance and how international support for environmentally responsible actions, and extending shared accountabilities, might strengthen climate governance globally. A main point of discussion is if and how better understanding of accountabilities and transformations in ecosystems dynamics, the capacities of organisms to adapt, migrate or otherwise respond to environmental or climatic changes, can improve climate governance mechanisms. Bringing together a diverse set of considerations from various fields of study, chapters examine responses to environmental transformations that occur during periods of climatic crisis, such as species depletion, industrialisation, de-industrialisation or urbanisation. Throughout, this book aims to further readers understanding of if or how accountable climate governance can reduce the risks of global political disorder and widespread conflict in the 21st century, arising from environmental transformations of depleted forests, re-routed waterways, coastlines impacted by sea level rises, changed rainfall patterns and industrial practices.


Global Risk-Based Management of Chemical Additives II

Global Risk-Based Management of Chemical Additives II

Author: Bernd Bilitewski

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2012-11-27

Total Pages: 479

ISBN-13: 3642345727

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Chemical additives are used to enhance the properties of many industrial products. Since their release into the environment is a potential risk for man and nature, their fate and behavior have been investigated in the framework of the European Union-funded project RISKCYCLE. The results are presented in two volumes, Global Risk-Based Management of Chemical Additives I: Production, Usage and Environmental Occurrence and Global Risk-Based Management of Chemical Additives II: Risk-Based Assessment and Management Strategies. This book is the second of the two volumes and features two main parts. In the first part, experts in the field discuss different models related to the assessment of the potential risks posed by chemical additives and analyze their benefits and drawbacks. In the second part, specific case studies in which the models have been applied are presented and the reliability of the models is evaluated. This volume is an invaluable source of information for scientists and governmental agencies dealing with the risk assessment of chemicals on a global scale.


Electronic Waste

Electronic Waste

Author: John B. Stephenson

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2009-03

Total Pages: 67

ISBN-13: 1437909892

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Increasingly, U.S. consumers are recycling their old electronics to prevent the environmental harm that can come from disposal. But, some U.S. companies are exporting these items to developing countries, where unsafe recycling practices can cause health and environmental problems. To prevent this practice, since Jan. 2007, the EPA began regulating the export of cathode ray tubes (CRT) under its CRT rule, which requires companies to notify EPA before exporting CRTs. This report examined: (1) the fate of exported used electronics; (2) the effectiveness of regulatory controls over the export of these devices; and (3) options to strengthen federal regulation of exported used electronics. Includes recommendations. Illustrations.


Beyond Borders

Beyond Borders

Author: Paula S. Rothenberg

Publisher: Macmillan

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 644

ISBN-13: 9780716773894

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This interdisciplinary collection of 82 articles is designed to bring today's most pressing issues into the classroom and help prepare college students to assume their roles as members of an increasingly global community.


Computers and the Environment: Understanding and Managing their Impacts

Computers and the Environment: Understanding and Managing their Impacts

Author: R. Kuehr

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-09-15

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781402016806

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Personal computers have made life convenient in many ways, but what about their impacts on the environment due to production, use and disposal? Manufacturing computers requires prodigious quantities of fossil fuels, toxic chemicals and water. Rapid improvements in performance mean we often buy a new machine every 1-3 years, which adds up to mountains of waste computers. How should societies respond to manage these environmental impacts? This volume addresses the environmental impacts and management of computers through a set of analyses on issues ranging from environmental assessment, technologies for recycling, consumer behaviour, strategies of computer manufacturing firms, and government policies. One conclusion is that extending the lifespan of computers (e.g. through reselling) is an environmentally and economically effective strategy that deserves more attention from governments, firms and the general public.


High Tech Trash

High Tech Trash

Author: Elizabeth Grossman

Publisher: Island Press

Published: 2006-05-06

Total Pages: 351

ISBN-13: 1597263834

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The Digital Age was expected to usher in an era of clean production, an alternative to smokestack industries and their pollutants. But as environmental journalist Elizabeth Grossman reveals in this penetrating analysis of high tech manufacture and disposal, digital may be sleek, but it's anything but clean. Deep within every electronic device lie toxic materials that make up the bits and bytes, a complex thicket of lead, mercury, cadmium, plastics, and a host of other often harmful ingredients. High Tech Trash is a wake-up call to the importance of the e-waste issue and the health hazards involved. Americans alone own more than two billion pieces of high tech electronics and discard five to seven million tons each year. As a result, electronic waste already makes up more than two-thirds of the heavy metals and 40 percent of the lead found in our landfills. But the problem goes far beyond American shores, most tragically to the cities in China and India where shiploads of discarded electronics arrive daily. There, they are "recycled"-picked apart by hand, exposing thousands of workers and community residents to toxics. As Grossman notes, "This is a story in which we all play a part, whether we know it or not. If you sit at a desk in an office, talk to friends on your cell phone, watch television, listen to music on headphones, are a child in Guangdong, or a native of the Arctic, you are part of this story." The answers lie in changing how we design, manufacture, and dispose of high tech electronics. Europe has led the way in regulating materials used in electronic devices and in e-waste recycling. But in the United States many have yet to recognize the persistent human health and environmental effects of the toxics in high tech devices. If Silent Spring brought national attention to the dangers of DDT and other pesticides, High Tech Trash could do the same for a new generation of technology's products.