Experimental Investigation of the Correction of Electrical Range Errors by Passive Microwave Radiometry
Author: Fred O. Guiraud
Publisher:
Published: 1971
Total Pages: 102
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKRead and Download eBook Full
Author: Fred O. Guiraud
Publisher:
Published: 1971
Total Pages: 102
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Fred O. Guiraud
Publisher:
Published: 1971
Total Pages: 90
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Dean A. Wilson (Geophysicist)
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe response of a spherical particle to an accelerating environment is investigated. When the Reynolds numbers associated with such accelerations are small, the particle is in Stokes' regime and the linear equations governing its motion can be solved analytically. Outside Stokes' regime, which is the general case for spheres comparable in size to precipitation particles, the equations are nonlinear and must be solved numerically.The numerical solution indicates that particles of all sizes falling in a sheared environment are excellent tracers of the mean air motion. Even a hailstone as large as 2 cm in diameter falling at its terminal speed can be expected to follow the mean horizontal air speed within +/- 0.5 m sec^-1, provided the vertical wind shear is less than 10^-2 sec^1. However, the time response of a spherical particle to a wind gust of constant velocity is quite sensitive to particle size. This response can be approximated by an expression of the form 1^ e^-t/[tau] where t depends on both particle size and the magnitude of the wind gust. For wind gusts of 1.0 m sec^-1, [tau] is seen to vary from less than 10^-5 sec for particles smaller than 0.02 mm in diameter to 2.5 sec for a 2.0-cm hailstone. Also, when a particle is submitted to a substantial wind gust, a significant decrease in its terminal velocity occurs.It is suggested that the response of a nonspherical particle to wind accelerations will be at least as fast as this study indicates for a spherical particle of the same mass .
Author: Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 444
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 444
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Dean A. Wilson
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 748
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 512
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: F.K. Brunner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 222
ISBN-13: 3642455832
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWith very few exceptions, geodetic measurements use electro magnetic radiation in order to measure directions, distances, time delays, and Doppler frequency shifts, to name the main ter restrial and space observables. Depending on the wavelength of the radiation and the purpose of the measurements, the follow ing parameters of the electromagnetic wave are measured: ampli tude, phase, angle-of-arrival, polarisation and frequency. Ac curate corrections have to be applied to the measurements in order to take into account the effects of the intervening medium between transmitter and receiver. The known solutions use at mospheric models, special observation programs, remote sensing techniques and instrumental methods. It has been shown that the effects of the earth's atmospheric envelope present a fundamental limitation to the accuracy and precision of geodetic measurements. This applies equally to ter restrial and space applications. Instrumental accuracies are al ready below the atmospherically induced limitations, and thus the accuracy demands on the geodetic refraction solutions are entering a new magnitude zone. This monograph is primarily devoted to the properties of the at mospheric effects on various geodetic measurements and to their evaluation. Ten review papers cover the most pressing aspects of the atmospheric effects on geodetic measurement~. Ttiese state of-the art papers were written by eminent specialists in their respective research fields.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1972
Total Pages: 978
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK