Experimental Analysis of Calcium Looping CO2 Capture in Coal-fired Power Plants
Author: Joseba Moreno
Publisher:
Published: 2023
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
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Experimental Investigation of Calcium Looping CO2 Capture for Application in Cement Plants
Author: Matthias Hornberger
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2022-09-30
Total Pages: 189
ISBN-13: 3658392487
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book assesses the application of the calcium looping technology for CO2 capture from cement plants. The cement industry contributes significantly to the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Due to process inherent CO2 emissions, the application of CCS technologies is inevitable to fully decarbonise the cement sector and mitigate climate change. A comprehensive study regarding the suitability of various potential sorbents (i.e. limestone, raw meal and raw meal components) acting as CO2 carrier has been conducted using thermogravimetric analysis. Various integration options of the calcium looping technology into the cement clinker manufacturing process have been developed addressing different boundary conditions of the cement plants. The more mature options using fluidised bed reactors have been extensively studied at semi industrial scale. Furthermore, a novel concept using entrained flow reactors has been assessed by investigating the sorbent properties of various raw meals in such a system.
Experimental Characterization of the Calcium Looping Process for CO2 Capture
Author: Alexandros Charitos
Publisher:
Published: 2013
Total Pages: 173
ISBN-13: 9783183611065
DOWNLOAD EBOOKModelling and Experimental Validation of Calcium Looping CO2-capture Process for Near-zero CO2-emission Power Plants (CAL-MOD)
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 105
ISBN-13: 9789279453441
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Project objective is the development of advanced modelling tools required for implementing Calcium Looping (CaL) at commercial scale. In this regard the research focused on studying the optimization of limestone utilization, developing models and investigating the process feasibility. Thus, detailed experimentation at particle level (TGA, lab-scale fluidized bed) and bench scale systems (10 kWth. dual fluidized bed, cold model) provided the required data base. Screening of 7 limestones has identified the best limestones with regard to CO2 capture and attrition behaviour under oxyfired conditions. Spent material with poor chemical properties was reactivated with the goal to increase sorbent activity and process performance. Experimentally obtained data were used for the development and validation of 3-D transient full-loop CFD models (incl. particle clustering effects, EMMS drag scheme application and reactions simulation). Moreover; process design tools to scale-up the process and evaluate process parameters were developed. Therefore a predicative CO2 capture model was implemented into an ASPEN/GateCycle process simulation model and combined with Ebsilon® steam cycle simulations to determine the overall process efficiency for two reference power plants (hard coal and lignite). The results from modelling and experimentation provided the basis to scale up to a full scale plant design including the design of heat exchanging surfaces in the reactors and fluidized bed heat exchangers as well as economic evaluations of the process. Cost of electricity and CO2 avoidance cost of CaL have shown advantages compared to oxy-fuel combustion and amine based technologies. A great potential for utilisation of the purge CaL material for cement production as well for integration of the CaL process in a cement plant has been shown.
Calcium and Chemical Looping Technology for Power Generation and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture
Author: Paul Fennell
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2015-05-21
Total Pages: 467
ISBN-13: 0857097601
DOWNLOAD EBOOKCalcium and Chemical Looping Technology for Power Generation and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture reviews the fundamental principles, systems, oxygen carriers, and carbon dioxide carriers relevant to chemical looping and combustion. Chapters review the market development, economics, and deployment of these systems, also providing detailed information on the variety of materials and processes that will help to shape the future of CO2 capture ready power plants. Reviews the fundamental principles, systems, oxygen carriers, and carbon dioxide carriers relevant to calcium and chemical looping Provides a lucid explanation of advanced concepts and developments in calcium and chemical looping, high pressure systems, and alternative CO2 carriers Presents information on the market development, economics, and deployment of these systems
Experimental Investigation of a semi-industrial Carbonate Looping Process for scale-up
Author: Jochen Bernd Ludwig Hilz
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Published: 2019-07-08
Total Pages: 170
ISBN-13: 373696045X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAn efficient post-combustion capture technology is the carbonate looping (CaL) process reducing the amount of CO2 released by fossil fuelled power and industrial plants (CCS/U). Limestone based sorbents are circulated between two interconnected circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactors. In a first reactor, the carbonator, the main part of CO2 contained in the flue gas of an upstream emission source is absorbed by CaO. The CO2 is released and the sorbent regenerated under oxy-firing conditions in a second reactor, the calciner. The present work discusses the results obtained from experimental investigation of the Carbonate Looping process in semi-industrial 1 MWth scale. Long-term pilot tests were conducted to improve the process and gain reliable experimental data to scale up the CaL process to industrial size. The type of fuel, sorbent, flue gas composition, reactor design, and operating conditions were varied to assess the operability and the long-term effects on the process performance. During periods of up to 60 h, parameters were not changed to achieve steady-state conditions. The stability of the CaL process in semi-industrial size was proven by steady-state CO2 absorption for more than 1,500 h with interconnected circulating fluidized bed reactors with absorption rates in the carbonator higher than 90% and overall capture rates higher than 95 %. The experimental data obtained in this work provide the basis to take the CaL process to the next stage of development, a demonstration pilot with a thermal size of 20 MWth. A conceptual plant setup for this demonstration unit was derived from the operational experience in the 1 MWth pilot plant. Based on evaluation of pilot testing and with the help of a validated process model, the design parameters were defined and verified. The heat and mass balancing for various operating cases was carried out to define the boundary conditions for the engineering of the demonstration pilot. Furthermore, the assessment of the demonstration pilot showed the expected performance.
Process and Reactor Level Simulations of Calcium Looping Combustion
Author: Wei Dai
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 57
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKCalcium looping (CaL) is a recent technology for carbon capture from coal fired power plants which consumes less energy than other approaches such as oxy-fuel. In the first part of this thesis, a system level model is developed in ASPEN PLUS to calculate the energy penalty of introducing Calcium looping in a coal fired power plant. Several simplifications and assumptions are made to model the Calcium looping process. The relationship between the energy penalty due to CaL and carbon capture efficiency is used to validate the process model for both pre-combustion CaL and post-combustion CaL; it agrees well with the experimental data and simulation results available in the literature. The simulation shows an increasing marginal energy penalty associated with an increase in the carbon capture efficiency, which limits the maximum carbon capture efficiency to around 95-98% before the energy penalty becomes too large. In the second part of the thesis, a reactor level model is built using ANSYS FLUENT to perform a CFD simulation of a fluidized bed where the carbonation reaction (one of the two major reactions in CaL) takes place. Both planar and axi-symmetry models of the reactor are considered and the carbon capture efficiency is evaluated for various combinations of the velocity and CO2 mole fraction at inlet of the reactor. It is found that reducing the inlet velocity has a significant impact on the carbon capture efficiency by increasing the residual time of the gases inside the reactor. Based on these results, the relative merit of Calcium looping versus Chemical Looping Combustion is examined.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology
Author: Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2021-05-24
Total Pages: 413
ISBN-13: 9811607427
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book contains papers presented in the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology 2020 (ICoST 2020) held from 15 to 16th August 2020 at Johor, Malaysia. This proceeding contains papers presented by academics and industrial practitioners showcasing the latest advancements and findings in field of separation technology. The papers are categorized under the following tracks and topics of research: Environment Engineering Biotechnology Absorption and Adsorption Technology Wastewater Treatment ICoST 2020 covers multidisciplinary perspectives on separation research and aims to promote scientific information interchange between academics, researchers, graduates and industry professionals worldwide. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.
Utilization of Waste-Derived Fuels in the Carbonate Looping Process: Experimental Demonstration and Techno-Economic Assessment
Author: Martin Haaf
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Published: 2020-07-07
Total Pages: 188
ISBN-13: 3736962290
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe economic and environmental threat of climate change due to the anthropogenic rise of the CO2 concentration in the earth’s atmosphere is widely accepted. In addition to the utilization of renewable energy sources, the application of carbon capture and storage processes in energyintense industries seems to be unavoidable. This thesis evaluates the utilization of waste-derived fuels in the calcium looping CO2 capture process. The feasibility of continuous CO2 separation by means of a waste-derived fuel fired calciner was successfully demonstrated by experimental investigations in a 1 MWth pilot plant. In these investigations, the boundary conditions were adapted to an application in Waste-to-Energy plants. Over the course of the test series, it was shown for the first time worldwide, that CO2 capture rates of more than 90 % are feasible, while oxyfiring commercially available solid recovered fuels. Based on the experimental data, a process was validated and subsequently applied for the determination of heat and mass balances for the retrofit of a Waste-to-Energy plant. Die wirtschaftlichen und ökologischen Gefahren des Klimawandels aufgrund des anthropogenen Anstiegs der CO2-Konzentration in der Erdatmosphäre sind weithin anerkannt. Neben der Nutzung erneuerbarer Energiequellen scheint die Anwendung von Verfahren zur Abscheidung und Speicherung von CO2 in energieintensiven Industrien unumgänglich. Diese Dissertation bewertet die Nutzung von Ersatzbrennstoffen im Carbonate-Looping Prozess. Es konnte die CO2-Abscheidung aus einem MVA-ähnlichen Abgas durch einen EBS-gefeuerten Kalzinator anhand von experimentellen Untersuchungen im 1 MWth-Maßstab erfolgreich nachgewiesen werden. Im Rahmen der Versuchsreihen wurde weltweit erstmals gezeigt, dass CO2-Abscheidungsraten von mehr als 90 % realisierbar sind. Basierend auf den experimentellen Daten wurde ein Prozessmodell validiert und anschließend zur Bestimmung von Massen- und Energiebilanzen für die Carbonate-Looping Nachrüstung einer Müllverbrennungsanlage eingesetzt.
Assessment of Calcium Looping as a Solution for CO2 Capture in the Steel Production Process
Author: Mario Ruiz Mateo
Publisher:
Published: 2014
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this study a first assessment of the utilization of the Calcium Looping (CaL) as a CO2 capture method in the steel production process has been done. The applicability of CaL for CO2 capture from the blast furnace gas of the Top Gas Recycling Blast Furnace (TGR-BF) proposed by ULCOS has been studied. Data of previous experimental campaigns where CaL was tested for post-combustion capture in a 200 kWth pilot plant has been used to simulate in Aspen PlusTM the CaL working under the TGR-BF conditions. The results of the CaL simulation have been used to compare CaL with VPSA, proposed by ULCOS as CO2 capture method, and amines adsorption (MDEA), presented by the IEAGHG. The three technologies have been energetically compared and its integration in a reference steel mill has been studied, offering CaL the advantage that is able to meet the electricity demand of the steel mill, avoiding the requirement of an additional power plant. As a direct consequence, the CO2 emissions in the CaL steel mill can be strongly reduced in comparison with the other capture technologies. A determination of the costs of the CaL plant has been carried out and an economic comparison of the cost of steel production and the cost of CO2 avoidance for the different capture technologies has been done. The results showed that for the proposed steel mill and under the assumptions done, CaL offers the lowest CO2 avoidance cost.
