The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) continues to respond to Hurricanes Katrina & Rita. The author¿s previous work identified suspected fraud, waste, & abuse resulting from control weaknesses associated with FEMA¿s Individuals & Households Program (HIP) & the Dept. of Homeland Security¿s (DHS) purchase card program. Congress asked for a follow-up on this previous work to determine whether potentially improper &/or fraudulent payments continued to be made. Kutz testified on the results of their audit & investigative efforts on Dec. 6, 2006. This report summarizes the results of his follow-up work. Includes recommendations. Charts & tables.
"The objective of this report is to identify and establish a roadmap on how to do that, and lay the groundwork for transforming how this Nation- from every level of government to the private sector to individual citizens and communities - pursues a real and lasting vision of preparedness. To get there will require significant change to the status quo, to include adjustments to policy, structure, and mindset"--P. 2.
Cumulative risk refers to the combined threats from exposure via all relevant routes to multiple stressors incl. biological, chemical, physical, & psycho-social entities. Cumulative risk assessment (CRA) is a tool for organizing & analyzing info. to examine, characterize, & quantify the combined adverse effects on human health or ecologic resources from multiple environ. stressors. Essays in this vol. include: (1) If CRA Is the Answer, What Is the Question?; (2) A Phased Approach for Assessing Combined Effects from Multiple Stressors; (3) Vulnerability as a Function of Individual & Group Resources in CRA; (4) Assessing Cumulative Health Risks from Exposure to Environmental Mixtures -- Three Fundamental Questions; & (5) Using Biomarkers to Inform CRA.