The European Union has always had a role in "soft security" by anchoring stability on the European continent through integration and enlargement. In recent years, it has moved to harness the military capacity of its member states through the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) to project stability in and around Europe —and perhaps beyond. There are conflicting views of the future of EDSP and its implications for transatlantic relations. On the one hand, ESDP and its related goals are, in part, the result of American pressures on Europeans to improve their military capabilities and share greater burdens with the Alliance. On the other hand, there is concern in some quarters in the United States about more autonomous European planning and decision-making.After the September 11 terrorist attacks, significant questions have arisen on both sides of the Atlantic about divergences in American and European strategic outlooks and the implications for European and transatlantic institutions. While some Americans are focused on further military transformation, many Europeans are advancing important changes on their own continent. The EU is central to those changes, but it faces choices about how to manifest its security vocation. This book examines how the evolution of the European Union's strategic presence is likely to affect transatlantic debates, and what it could mean for the EU's role as an actor in international security.
The emergence of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) in the last two-thirds of the 1990s and continuing into the new century, has been a complex process intertwining politics, economics, national cultures, and numerous institutions. This book provides an essential background for understanding how security issues as between NATO and the European Union are being posed for the early part of the 21st century, including the new circumstances following the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington on September 11, 2001. This study should be of interest to those interested in the evolution of U.S.-European relations, especially in, but not limited to, the security field; the development of institutional relationships; and key choices that lie ahead in regard to these critical arrangements.
This book examines the effectiveness of multilateralism in ensuring collective security and, in particular, the EU’s role in this process. In 1992, shortly after the end of the Cold War, a Security Council Summit in New York reaffirmed the salience of the system of collective security and stated the determination of the Heads of State to maintain it as the prime international instrument for preserving peace. Twenty years later, however, the record of collective security as well as of multilateralism has not been very encouraging. The system of collective security, as enshrined in the United Nations (UN) Charter, failed repeatedly to accomplish its mandate in the 1990s and has led to controversial debates in the United States and Europe that reached a climax during the Iraq crisis in 2002/03. The volume draws upon both theoretical and empirical research to answer the following core questions: What are the reasons that have made multilateralism either effective or ineffective in the field of peacekeeping, peace preservation and peacebuilding? How can multilateralism be made more effective? How can attempts made by Europe to render UN multilateralism in the security area more efficient be assessed? This book will be of much interest to students of peacebuilding/peacekeeping, EU policy, the UN, security studies and IR in general.
Over the past two decades the United States and Europe have engaged actively in efforts to prevent conflict and to manage crises around the world. How effective have such efforts been, and how could they be improved? This volume offers recommendations and applies them to specific case studies. In includes a Crisis Management Toolbox that outlines the key principles, actors, and instruments guiding such efforts.
In 1999 the EU decided to develop its own military capacities for crisis management. This book brings together a group of experts to examine the consequences of this decision on Nordic policy establishments, as well as to shed new light on the defence and security issues that matter for Europe as a whole.
At the EU's Helsinki summit in 1999, European leaders took a decisive step toward the development of a new Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) aimed at giving the EU a stronger role in international affairs backed by a credible military force. This report analyzes the processes leading to the ESDP by examining why and how this new European consensus came about. It touches upon the controversies and challenges that still lie ahead. What are the national interests and driving forces behind it, and what steps need to be taken to realize Europe's ambitions to achieve a workable European crisis mgmt. capability?