The Assisted Reproduction of Race
The Assisted Reproduction of Race

Author: Camisha A. Russell

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 2018-12-06

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 0253035910

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The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART)—in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination, and gestational surrogacy—challenges contemporary notions of what it means to be parents or families. Camisha A. Russell argues that these technologies also bring new insight to ideas and questions surrounding race. In her view, if we think of ART as medical technology, we might be surprised by the importance that people using them put on race, especially given the scientific evidence that race lacks a genetic basis. However if we think of ART as an intervention to make babies and parents, as technologies of kinship, the importance placed on race may not be so surprising after all. Thinking about race in terms of technology brings together the common academic insight that race is a social construction with the equally important insight that race is a political tool which has been and continues to be used in different contexts for a variety of ends, including social cohesion, economic exploitation, and political mastery. As Russell explores ideas about race through their role in ART, she brings together social and political views to shift debates from what race is to what race does, how it is used, and what effects it has had in the world.

Marginalized Reproduction
Marginalized Reproduction

Author: Lorraine Culley

Publisher: Earthscan

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 1849771936

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This groundbreaking volume is the first to highlight the ways in which diverse ethnic, cultural and religious identies affect understanding of technological solutions for infertility and associated treatment experiences. The collection begins with a consideration of some of the key methodological challenges for social research on ethnicity and infertility. The book introduces and examines concepts of infertility such as the bio-medical definition and discusses the companion concept of ethnicity, analyzing the shortcomings of simple assessments of ethnicity common in the health literature. It also discusses the relationship between the ethnic identity of both researcher and the researched and outlines some of the major issues, which can arise in engaging minority ethnic populations in research studies on sensitive topics.

Ethnic Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction
Ethnic Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction

Author: Fady I. Sharara

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-07-17

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 1461475481

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Over the past 10 years, studies have shown that the rates of fertility vary in different ethnic groups. Ethnic differences also play a significant role in the outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. In the United States, minority groups--African Americans, Hispanics (mainly Mexicans and Central Americans), East Asians (Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Philippinos) and South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, and Bengalis)--have significantly lower chances of live births compared to Caucasian women. Birth outcome data collected by the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology shows a worsening trend in conception rates between the years 1999-2000 and 2004-2006, raising more concern that the disparity in fertility rates between minority groups and white women is widening over time. This comprehensive book serves to answer the questions that arise when managing infertility in a multi-ethnic population. An expert assembly of key leaders in the field of reproductive medicine imparts insight and clinical experience in order to identify and analyze the possible causes of racial disparities in fertility outcome. Some of the reviewed causes include higher Body Mass Index (BMI), tubal diseases, metabolic syndrome, and fibroids in African Americans; tubal disease and higher early pregnancy loss in Hispanics; higher incidence of diminished ovarian reserve and lower BMI in East Asians; and higher incidence of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS) in South Asians. The book also provides a review of data on access to care and ART services in developing countries. A thoughtful combination of evidence-based medicine and advanced treatment options, this book is sure to distinguish itself as the definitive reference on ethnic differences in assisted reproduction. ​

Infertility Around the Globe
Infertility Around the Globe

Author: Marcia C. Inhorn

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2002-05-30

Total Pages: 357

ISBN-13: 0520231376

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These essays examine the global impact of infertility as a major reproductive health issue, one that has profoundly affected the lives of countless women and men. The contributors address a range of topics including how the deeply gendered nature of infertility sets the blame on women's shoulders.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Third Phase
Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Third Phase

Author: Kate Hampshire

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2015-09-01

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 1782388087

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Following the birth of the first “test-tube baby” in 1978, Assisted Reproductive Technologies became available to a small number of people in high-income countries able to afford the cost of private treatment, a period seen as the “First Phase” of ARTs. In the “Second Phase,” these treatments became increasingly available to cosmopolitan global elites. Today, this picture is changing — albeit slowly and unevenly — as ARTs are becoming more widely available. While, for many, accessing infertility treatments remains a dream, these are beginning to be viewed as a standard part of reproductive healthcare and family planning. This volume highlights this “Third Phase” — the opening up of ARTs to new constituencies in terms of ethnicity, geography, education, and class.

The New Eugenics
The New Eugenics

Author: Judith Daar

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 2017-02-21

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 0300229038

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A provocative examination of how unequal access to reproductive technology replays the sins of the eugenics movement Eugenics, the effort to improve the human species by inhibiting reproduction of “inferior” genetic strains, ultimately came to be regarded as the great shame of the Progressive movement. Judith Daar, a prominent expert on the intersection of law and medicine, argues that current attitudes toward the potential users of modern assisted reproductive technologies threaten to replicate eugenics’ same discriminatory practices. In this book, Daar asserts how barriers that block certain people’s access to reproductive technologies are often founded on biases rooted in notions of class, race, and marital status. As a result, poor, minority, unmarried, disabled, and LGBT individuals are denied technologies available to well-off nonminority heterosexual applicants. An original argument on a highly emotional and important issue, this work offers a surprising departure from more familiar arguments on the issue as it warns physicians, government agencies, and the general public against repeating the mistakes of the past.

Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance
Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance

Author: Dmitry M. Kissin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-07-04

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 1108498582

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Offers a comprehensive guide to assisted reproductive technology surveillance, describing its history, global variations, and best practices.

Freezing Fertility
Freezing Fertility

Author: Lucy van de Wiel

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2020-12-15

Total Pages: 378

ISBN-13: 1479803626

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Welcomed as liberation and dismissed as exploitation, egg freezing (oocyte cryopreservation) has rapidly become one of the most widely-discussed and influential new reproductive technologies of this century. In Freezing Fertility, Lucy van de Wiel takes us inside the world of fertility preservation—with its egg freezing parties, contested age limits, proactive anticipations and equity investments—and shows how the popularization of egg freezing has profound consequences for the way in which female fertility and reproductive aging are understood, commercialized and politicized. Beyond an individual reproductive choice for people who may want to have children later in life, Freezing Fertility explores how the rise of egg freezing also reveals broader cultural, political and economic negotiations about reproductive politics, gender inequities, age normativities and the financialization of healthcare. Van de Wiel investigates these issues by analyzing a wide range of sources—varying from sparkly online platforms to heart-breaking court cases and intimate autobiographical accounts—that are emblematic of each stage of the egg freezing procedure. By following the egg’s journey, Freezing Fertility examines how contemporary egg freezing practices both reflect broader social, regulatory and economic power asymmetries and repoliticize fertility and aging in ways that affect the public at large. In doing so, the book explores how the possibility of egg freezing shifts our relation to the beginning and end of life.