Visible Learning and the Science of How We Learn

Visible Learning and the Science of How We Learn

Author: John Hattie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-10-08

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 113464311X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

On publication in 2009 John Hattie’s Visible Learning presented the biggest ever collection of research into what actually work in schools to improve children’s learning. Not what was fashionable, not what political and educational vested interests wanted to champion, but what actually produced the best results in terms of improving learning and educational outcomes. It became an instant bestseller and was described by the TES as revealing education’s ‘holy grail’. Now in this latest book, John Hattie has joined forces with cognitive psychologist Greg Yates to build on the original data and legacy of the Visible Learning project, showing how it’s underlying ideas and the cutting edge of cognitive science can form a powerful and complimentary framework for shaping learning in the classroom and beyond. Visible Learning and the Science of How We Learn explains the major principles and strategies of learning, outlining why it can be so hard sometimes, and yet easy on other occasions. Aimed at teachers and students, it is written in an accessible and engaging style and can be read cover to cover, or used on a chapter-by-chapter basis for essay writing or staff development. The book is structured in three parts – ‘learning within classrooms’, ‘learning foundations’, which explains the cognitive building blocks of knowledge acquisition and ‘know thyself’ which explores, confidence and self-knowledge. It also features extensive interactive appendices containing study guide questions to encourage critical thinking, annotated bibliographic entries with recommendations for further reading, links to relevant websites and YouTube clips. Throughout, the authors draw upon the latest international research into how the learning process works and how to maximise impact on students, covering such topics as: teacher personality; expertise and teacher-student relationships; how knowledge is stored and the impact of cognitive load; thinking fast and thinking slow; the psychology of self-control; the role of conversation at school and at home; invisible gorillas and the IKEA effect; digital native theory; myths and fallacies about how people learn. This fascinating book is aimed at any student, teacher or parent requiring an up-to-date commentary on how research into human learning processes can inform our teaching and what goes on in our schools. It takes a broad sweep through findings stemming mainly from social and cognitive psychology and presents them in a useable format for students and teachers at all levels, from preschool to tertiary training institutes.


Visible Learning

Visible Learning

Author: John Hattie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2008-11-19

Total Pages: 389

ISBN-13: 1134024126

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This unique and ground-breaking book is the result of 15 years research and synthesises over 800 meta-analyses on the influences on achievement in school-aged students. It builds a story about the power of teachers, feedback, and a model of learning and understanding. The research involves many millions of students and represents the largest ever evidence based research into what actually works in schools to improve learning. Areas covered include the influence of the student, home, school, curricula, teacher, and teaching strategies. A model of teaching and learning is developed based on the notion of visible teaching and visible learning. A major message is that what works best for students is similar to what works best for teachers – an attention to setting challenging learning intentions, being clear about what success means, and an attention to learning strategies for developing conceptual understanding about what teachers and students know and understand. Although the current evidence based fad has turned into a debate about test scores, this book is about using evidence to build and defend a model of teaching and learning. A major contribution is a fascinating benchmark/dashboard for comparing many innovations in teaching and schools.


Visible Learning into Action

Visible Learning into Action

Author: John Hattie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-10-30

Total Pages: 331

ISBN-13: 1317525469

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Recently at the Visible Learning Conference, Professor John Hattie stood up in his opening address and said, "I’m looking at you all and thinking ‘What if I got this wrong?’" I feel the same way when educators ask to visit and I always end up in the same place – that Keilor Views is a living, breathing example that he didn’t. -- Charles Branciforte, Principal of Keilor Views Primary School, Melbourne, Australia Visible Learning into Action takes the next step in the evolving Visible Learning story. It translates one of the biggest and most critically acclaimed education research projects ever undertaken into case studies of actual success stories, implementing John Hattie’s ideas in the classrooms of schools all around the world. The evidenced case studies presented in this book describe the Visible Learning journeys of fifteen schools from Australia, USA, Hong Kong, UK, Sweden, New Zealand and Norway and are representative of the VL international community of schools in their quest to ensure all of their students exceed their potential for academic success. Each school’s story will inform and inspire, bringing to life the discussions, actions and reflections from leaders, teachers, students and families. This book features extensive, interactive appendices containing study guide questions to encourage critical thinking, annotated endnotes with recommendations for further reading and links to YouTube and relevant websites. Drawing on the latest research into the major principles and strategies of learning, this essential resource is structured into five parts: Know thy impact; Effective feedback; Visible learners; Inspired and passionate teachers; The Visible Learning School. Visible Learning into Action is aimed at any student, teacher or parent requiring an up-to-date commentary on how research into human learning processes can inform our teaching and what goes on in our schools.


Visible Learning: Feedback

Visible Learning: Feedback

Author: John Hattie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-08-15

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 0429938861

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Feedback is arguably the most critical and powerful aspect of teaching and learning. Yet, there remains a paradox: why is feedback so powerful and why is it so variable? It is this paradox which Visible Learning: Feedback aims to unravel and resolve. Combining research excellence, theory and vast teaching expertise, this book covers the principles and practicalities of feedback, including: the variability of feedback, the importance of surface, deep and transfer contexts, student to teacher feedback, peer to peer feedback, the power of within lesson feedback and manageable post-lesson feedback. With numerous case-studies, examples and engaging anecdotes woven throughout, the authors also shed light on what creates an effective feedback culture and provide the teaching and learning structures which give the best possible framework for feedback. Visible Learning: Feedback brings together two internationally known educators and merges Hattie’s world-famous research expertise with Clarke’s vast experience of classroom practice and application, making this book an essential resource for teachers in any setting, phase or country.


Visible Learning for Teachers

Visible Learning for Teachers

Author: John Hattie

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-03-15

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1136592334

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In November 2008, John Hattie’s ground-breaking book Visible Learning synthesised the results of more than fifteen years research involving millions of students and represented the biggest ever collection of evidence-based research into what actually works in schools to improve learning. Visible Learning for Teachers takes the next step and brings those ground breaking concepts to a completely new audience. Written for students, pre-service and in-service teachers, it explains how to apply the principles of Visible Learning to any classroom anywhere in the world. The author offers concise and user-friendly summaries of the most successful interventions and offers practical step-by-step guidance to the successful implementation of visible learning and visible teaching in the classroom. This book: links the biggest ever research project on teaching strategies to practical classroom implementation champions both teacher and student perspectives and contains step by step guidance including lesson preparation, interpreting learning and feedback during the lesson and post lesson follow up offers checklists, exercises, case studies and best practice scenarios to assist in raising achievement includes whole school checklists and advice for school leaders on facilitating visible learning in their institution now includes additional meta-analyses bringing the total cited within the research to over 900 comprehensively covers numerous areas of learning activity including pupil motivation, curriculum, meta-cognitive strategies, behaviour, teaching strategies, and classroom management Visible Learning for Teachers is a must read for any student or teacher who wants an evidence based answer to the question; ‘how do we maximise achievement in our schools?’


Visible Learning for Literacy, Grades K-12

Visible Learning for Literacy, Grades K-12

Author: Douglas Fisher

Publisher: Corwin Press

Published: 2016-03-22

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13: 1506344038

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"Every student deserves a great teacher, not by chance, but by design" — Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey, & John Hattie What if someone slipped you a piece of paper listing the literacy practices that ensure students demonstrate more than a year’s worth of learning for a year spent in school? Would you keep the paper or throw it away? We think you’d keep it. And that’s precisely why acclaimed educators Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey, and John Hattie wrote Visible Learning for Literacy. They know teachers will want to apply Hattie’s head-turning synthesis of more than 15 years of research involving millions of students, which he used to identify the instructional routines that have the biggest impact on student learning. These practices are "visible" for teachers and students to see, because their purpose has been made clear, they are implemented at the right moment in a student’s learning, and their effect is tangible. Yes, the "aha" moments made visible by design. With their trademark clarity and command of the research, and dozens of classroom scenarios to make it all replicable, these authors apply Hattie’s research, and show you: How to use the right approach at the right time, so that you can more intentionally design classroom experiences that hit the surface, deep, and transfer phases of learning, and more expertly see when a student is ready to dive from surface to deep. Which routines are most effective at specific phases of learning, including word sorts, concept mapping, close reading, annotating, discussion, formative assessment, feedback, collaborative learning, reciprocal teaching, and many more. Why the 8 mind frames for teachers apply so well to curriculum planning and can inspire you to be a change agent in students’ lives—and part of a faculty that embraces the idea that visible teaching is a continual evaluation of one’s impact on student’s learning. "Teachers, it’s time we embrace the evidence, update our classrooms, and impact student learning in wildly positive ways," say Doug, Nancy, and John. So let’s see Visible Learning for Literacy for what it is: the book that renews our teaching and reminds us of our influence, just in time.


Visual Pattern English DOING RIGHT IM38

Visual Pattern English DOING RIGHT IM38

Author: Jane Ahn

Publisher: Jane Ahn and Steven Ahn

Published: 2014-11-03

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

비주얼 도해 훈련에 관한 사항 비주얼도해훈련은 과학적으로 설계된 영어문장을 과학적인 설계도를 보여주는 것으로, 이 보이는 설계도는 7개입니다. 문장패턴을 말하는 것이 라기 보다는 문장에서 사용하는 단어의 배열형태를 발하는 것입니다. 일곱 개의 문장도해패턴이 있다는 것은 인지과학이 이미 증명한 것과 같이 영어학습에 혁명을 가져오는 커다란 사건입니다. 비주얼 도해의 과학 셈프영어문장암송훈련은 훈련과정의 꽃입니다. 영국의 영어가 미국의 국어가 되면서부터 영어는 경제와 같이 발전하면서, 문장도해가 생겼습니다. 문장도해는 보이지 않는 문장의 설계도를 처음으로 보이는 설계도인 비주얼패턴화 시킨 언어과학입니다. 블록문장도해는 KESS 블록문장도해(Block Sentence Diagram)는 문법적이고 분석적인 문장도해를 직관적이고 한눈에 알아볼 수 있도록 한 방법입니다. 블록문장도해는 ESL 학생들의 영어학습에 일대혁신을 가져옵니다. 두개의 동사,네가지 형태의 명사형, 일곱개의 문장패턴이 영어를 쉽고 직관적으로 이해되도록합니다. 영어를 더 쉬운 언어로 만드는 공정입니다. Keep English Simple and Straightforward. 비주얼패턴 영어왕도 왕의 길은 넓은 길입니다. 누구든지 그 길로 가면 가장 빨리 갈 수 있는 첩경(지름길, Short-cut) 입니다. 영어의 구루가 되는 길은 비주얼패턴 도해 과학으로 연습을 통하여 숙달하는 것입니다. 비주얼패턴훈련내용 도해단계: 영어의 생각 바꾸기에 대한 도서 등으로, 벽돌단어와 몰탈단어에 대하여 완전하게 이해한다. 동사의의 표현방법의 주 관적인지 객관적인지 알 수 있다. 명사의 4가지 형태에 따른 기본적인 의미차이를 알 수 있도록한다. 중요 몰탈단어 중 전치사 몇 개와 접속사 몇 개의 차이을 본다. 이숍우화를 SSEMP 3~4단계: 5 권 도해연습 효과: 이숍우화에서 상당한 문장이 암송된다. TTS를 듣고 기본적으로 비주얼패턴이 생각나는 경우도 있다. 비주얼패턴 도해의 걸과: 영어 문법이 매우 쉽고 이해가 빠르다. 문장에서 Key Word를 찾아 쉽게 내용이 요약된다. 동사로 문장이 주관적인지 객관적인지 알게 된다. 화자의 언어 감정을 알게 된다. 영어에 대한 자신감이 생긴다. 셈프 영어암송훈련에 관한 사항 셈프(Seven Step English Memory Program)은 영어의 달인이 되게하는 훈련입니다. 달인이라는 것은 영어 청해, 독해, 영작, 자유롭게 자기 원고로 연설할 수 있는 글로벌 스탠더드에 맞은 국제인이 되는 정도입니다. 셈프입문 비주얼도해훈련 비주얼도해훈련은 모든 문장요소의 정확한 기능과 위치를 아는 것이 필요합니다. 문장의 패턴을 알고 그 패턴을 반복하는 것이 핵심이기 때문에 비주얼도해능력이 없이는 본 과정을 수강할 수 없습니다. 셈프초중급과정훈련 초 중급과정은 자기 수준에 따라, 이숍우화를 20개 이상 Story Telling하거나 CEV 고급영어로 된 요한저작물 등을 이야기 할 수 있을 정도가 되어야 합니다. 길거리 영어가 아닌 어법이 맞고 언어의 수준이 높은 단어를 사용할 수 있는 능력입니다. 셈프초중급과정훈련 영어는 외국어입니다. 발음이 모국인 같다고 영어를 잘하는 것은 아닙니다. 고급영어를 말하는 법과 글 쓰는 법을 배워야 합니다. 자신을 영어로 자유롭게 표현할 수 있는 능력은 자신의 결정에 달렸습니다. 2000년 동안 가장 큰 저작인 바울 저작을 배웁니다.


Visual Pattern BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking, Fast Reading, Logical Writing Program 1JOHN

Visual Pattern BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking, Fast Reading, Logical Writing Program 1JOHN

Author: Jane Ahn

Publisher: Onenara Systems

Published: 2014-07-04

Total Pages: 127

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Our Course Books are Series of ‘Visual Pattern Block Sentence Diagram English’ using Sentence Diagram method for beginners who understand English Grammar, and then ‘Visual Pattern English Sentence Memory Program’ for upper standard students for fluency, and last ‘Visual Pattern Seven Step English Book Memory Program to give the Freeway for English Learning such as Professional Listening, Fast Reading, Logical and persuasive Writing. Each Book focuses on different dimensions but most of stepwise Standard Visual Pattern English Course is consist of seven steps, and take the following steps. Step 1 You can read the text within paragraph as in the standard book. In order to get used to the sentence, Read Aloud three times, or read along three times. If you do not understand your own language, Please consult with teacher. In Step 2, you can read text in each sentence. It seems to look simpler and easier. Be careful “Verb’, which is the balancer of the Sentence. There are only two kinds of Verbs, one is action verb, the other is linking verb. Intransitive Verb is belongs to ‘Action Verb’ that does not the target of the Verb. Step 2 You can read the text within ‘Highlighted Verb’ sentence. As soon as you read the sentence you can much more easily what the writer expect the reader to do. Furthermore, you can catch the verb has target or complements. In this step you can understand 90 % of book contents if you keep up with verbs. Try to understand the sentence by focusing on Verb, not to memorize from the beginning. But please rule 3(3 times read aloud, read along) in each step or Drill. Step 3 In this section you can read with BSD Signal, whether it is blocked or not. If any verb have not target, it should be either liking verb or action verb without target, and called as ‘Intransitive Verb.’ We have read Step 2 and known one of two kinds of verb. Then you can brief understand Block Sentence Diagram patters. Target of the verb, and compliment of the verb can place on the same level of Subject and Verb. All other functions should be placed under the horizontal line of Block Sentence Diagram. Step 4 In this section, we are arrange block sentence building by using brick words(noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and mortar words( conjunction, preposition). In BSD Diagram only brick words can stand on horizontal line in line with Verb.(Unlike Sentence Diagramming Method) With some practice, you can automatically improve your grammar level. BSD signal is option, for beginner it is easy to understand. Step 5 This is the most important backbone of English Memory Program, up until now you have learned and practiced mainly reading and speaking practice. We call this type of learning is “Exercise or Walking English”, which means more practice get better output even though you do not understand completely. If you are trying to do Block Diagramming, you need “Thinking process”, with some grammar knowledge, you can diagram a logical, grammatical Diagram. Do not try to jump to memorize sentence without being familiar with sentence backbone, sentence structure diagram. Verb is the most common and changes forms to give the facts or opinions. And its changing form can play all round player in sentences, functioning noun, adjective, adverb, and conjunction. Position of Verb plays important tones of language. The Verb always is located in the middle of sentences and plays balancer of sentence, if the positions of Verb change, that means the tone of languages also changed. Step 6 Before you listen the audio, please try to put your words in the BSD. Do not worry about mistake !! If you know the story, my recollecting ‘Verbs’, you can easily match Subject of the Verb, and targets or additional parts. Any types of modifier under the Base Line are not key factor in the sentence. However, many writers put the prepositional noun modifiers below the Base Line, in order to give some more information or stress. We are building Block Sentence Diagram Building to memorize. Step 7 In these Diagrams, Verb, conjunction, and prepositional modifier hints have been diagrammed. Diagram Level belongs to Upper Intermediate Level or Lower Advance Level, SSEMP BSD focus on memory, therefore, some loose diagramming compared to conventional Sentence Diagram. Block Sentence Diagram can apply many design factors to make it look beautiful, too. Sometimes perfect noun plays Adverb, even though it belongs to key words. Most of nouns which are not in right position (Noun subject, target, compliment) role as Adverb.


Visual Pattern JAMES BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking, Fast Reading, Logical Writing Program

Visual Pattern JAMES BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking, Fast Reading, Logical Writing Program

Author: Jane Ahn

Publisher: Onenara Systems

Published: 2014-07-04

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Our Course Books are Series of ‘Visual Pattern Block Sentence Diagram English’ using Sentence Diagram method for beginners who understand English Grammar, and then ‘Visual Pattern English Sentence Memory Program’ for upper standard students for fluency, and last ‘Visual Pattern Seven Step English Book Memory Program to give the Freeway for English Learning such as Professional Listening, Fast Reading, Logical and persuasive Writing. Each Book focuses on different dimensions but most of stepwise Standard Visual Pattern English Course is consist of seven steps, and take the following steps. Step 1 You can read the text within paragraph as in the standard book. In order to get used to the sentence, Read Aloud three times, or read along three times. If you do not understand your own language, Please consult with teacher. In Step 2, you can read text in each sentence. It seems to look simpler and easier. Be careful “Verb’, which is the balancer of the Sentence. There are only two kinds of Verbs, one is action verb, the other is linking verb. Intransitive Verb is belongs to ‘Action Verb’ that does not the target of the Verb. Step 2 You can read the text within ‘Highlighted Verb’ sentence. As soon as you read the sentence you can much more easily what the writer expect the reader to do. Furthermore, you can catch the verb has target or complements. In this step you can understand 90 % of book contents if you keep up with verbs. Try to understand the sentence by focusing on Verb, not to memorize from the beginning. But please rule 3(3 times read aloud, read along) in each step or Drill. Step 3 In this section you can read with BSD Signal, whether it is blocked or not. If any verb have not target, it should be either liking verb or action verb without target, and called as ‘Intransitive Verb.’ We have read Step 2 and known one of two kinds of verb. Then you can brief understand Block Sentence Diagram patters. Target of the verb, and compliment of the verb can place on the same level of Subject and Verb. All other functions should be placed under the horizontal line of Block Sentence Diagram. Step 4 In this section, we are arrange block sentence building by using brick words(noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and mortar words( conjunction, preposition). In BSD Diagram only brick words can stand on horizontal line in line with Verb.(Unlike Sentence Diagramming Method) With some practice, you can automatically improve your grammar level. BSD signal is option, for beginner it is easy to understand. Step 5 This is the most important backbone of English Memory Program, up until now you have learned and practiced mainly reading and speaking practice. We call this type of learning is “Exercise or Walking English”, which means more practice get better output even though you do not understand completely. If you are trying to do Block Diagramming, you need “Thinking process”, with some grammar knowledge, you can diagram a logical, grammatical Diagram. Do not try to jump to memorize sentence without being familiar with sentence backbone, sentence structure diagram. Verb is the most common and changes forms to give the facts or opinions. And its changing form can play all round player in sentences, functioning noun, adjective, adverb, and conjunction. Position of Verb plays important tones of language. The Verb always is located in the middle of sentences and plays balancer of sentence, if the positions of Verb change, that means the tone of languages also changed. Step 6 Before you listen the audio, please try to put your words in the BSD. Do not worry about mistake !! If you know the story, my recollecting ‘Verbs’, you can easily match Subject of the Verb, and targets or additional parts. Any types of modifier under the Base Line are not key factor in the sentence. However, many writers put the prepositional noun modifiers below the Base Line, in order to give some more information or stress. We are building Block Sentence Diagram Building to memorize. Step 7 In these Diagrams, Verb, conjunction, and prepositional modifier hints have been diagrammed. Diagram Level belongs to Upper Intermediate Level or Lower Advance Level, SSEMP BSD focus on memory, therefore, some loose diagramming compared to conventional Sentence Diagram. Block Sentence Diagram can apply many design factors to make it look beautiful, too. Sometimes perfect noun plays Adverb, even though it belongs to key words. Most of nouns which are not in right position (Noun subject, target, compliment) role as Adverb.


Visual Pattern GALATIANS BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking Fast Reading Logical Writing Program

Visual Pattern GALATIANS BIBLE ENGLISH Speaking Fast Reading Logical Writing Program

Author: Jane Ahn

Publisher: Onenara Systems

Published: 2014-07-04

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Our Course Books are Series of ‘Visual Pattern Block Sentence Diagram English’ using Sentence Diagram method for beginners who understand English Grammar, and then ‘Visual Pattern English Sentence Memory Program’ for upper standard students for fluency, and last ‘Visual Pattern Seven Step English Book Memory Program to give the Freeway for English Learning such as Professional Listening, Fast Reading, Logical and persuasive Writing. Each Book focuses on different dimensions but most of stepwise Standard Visual Pattern English Course is consist of seven steps, and take the following steps. Step 1 You can read the text within paragraph as in the standard book. In order to get used to the sentence, Read Aloud three times, or read along three times. If you do not understand your own language, Please consult with teacher. In Step 2, you can read text in each sentence. It seems to look simpler and easier. Be careful “Verb’, which is the balancer of the Sentence. There are only two kinds of Verbs, one is action verb, the other is linking verb. Intransitive Verb is belongs to ‘Action Verb’ that does not the target of the Verb. Step 2 You can read the text within ‘Highlighted Verb’ sentence. As soon as you read the sentence you can much more easily what the writer expect the reader to do. Furthermore, you can catch the verb has target or complements. In this step you can understand 90 % of book contents if you keep up with verbs. Try to understand the sentence by focusing on Verb, not to memorize from the beginning. But please rule 3(3 times read aloud, read along) in each step or Drill. Step 3 In this section you can read with BSD Signal, whether it is blocked or not. If any verb have not target, it should be either liking verb or action verb without target, and called as ‘Intransitive Verb.’ We have read Step 2 and known one of two kinds of verb. Then you can brief understand Block Sentence Diagram patters. Target of the verb, and compliment of the verb can place on the same level of Subject and Verb. All other functions should be placed under the horizontal line of Block Sentence Diagram. Step 4 In this section, we are arrange block sentence building by using brick words(noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and mortar words( conjunction, preposition). In BSD Diagram only brick words can stand on horizontal line in line with Verb.(Unlike Sentence Diagramming Method) With some practice, you can automatically improve your grammar level. BSD signal is option, for beginner it is easy to understand. Step 5 This is the most important backbone of English Memory Program, up until now you have learned and practiced mainly reading and speaking practice. We call this type of learning is “Exercise or Walking English”, which means more practice get better output even though you do not understand completely. If you are trying to do Block Diagramming, you need “Thinking process”, with some grammar knowledge, you can diagram a logical, grammatical Diagram. Do not try to jump to memorize sentence without being familiar with sentence backbone, sentence structure diagram. Verb is the most common and changes forms to give the facts or opinions. And its changing form can play all round player in sentences, functioning noun, adjective, adverb, and conjunction. Position of Verb plays important tones of language. The Verb always is located in the middle of sentences and plays balancer of sentence, if the positions of Verb change, that means the tone of languages also changed. Step 6 Before you listen the audio, please try to put your words in the BSD. Do not worry about mistake !! If you know the story, my recollecting ‘Verbs’, you can easily match Subject of the Verb, and targets or additional parts. Any types of modifier under the Base Line are not key factor in the sentence. However, many writers put the prepositional noun modifiers below the Base Line, in order to give some more information or stress. We are building Block Sentence Diagram Building to memorize. Step 7 In these Diagrams, Verb, conjunction, and prepositional modifier hints have been diagrammed. Diagram Level belongs to Upper Intermediate Level or Lower Advance Level, SSEMP BSD focus on memory, therefore, some loose diagramming compared to conventional Sentence Diagram. Block Sentence Diagram can apply many design factors to make it look beautiful, too. Sometimes perfect noun plays Adverb, even though it belongs to key words. Most of nouns which are not in right position (Noun subject, target, compliment) role as Adverb.