Electrons in Disordered Metals and at Metallic Surfaces
Electrons in Disordered Metals and at Metallic Surfaces

Author: P. Phariseau

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 575

ISBN-13: 1468435000

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We present here the transcripts of lectures and talks which were delivered at the NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE "Electrons in Disordered Hetals and at ~~etallic Surfaces" held at the State University of Ghent, Belgium between August 28 and September 9, 1978. The aim of these lectures was to highlight some of the current progress in our understanding of the degenerate electron 'liquid' in an external field which is neither uniform nor periodic. This theme brought together such topics as the electronic structure at metallic surfaces and in random metallic alloys, liquid metals and metallic glasses. As is the case in connection with infinite order ed crystals, the central issues to be discussed were the nature of the electronic spectra, the stability of the various phases and the occurrence of such phenomena as magnetism and supercon ductivity. In the theoretical lectures the emphasis was on detailed rea listic calculations based, more or less, on the density functional approach to the problem of the inhomogeneous electron liquid. How ever, where such calculations were not available, as in the case of magnetism in random alloys and that of metallic glasses, sim pler phenomenological models were used. The theoretical discussions were balanced by reviews of the most promising experimental techniques. Here the stress was on results and their relevance to the fundamental theory. lforeover, the attention had centered on those experiments which probe the electronic structure in the greatest detail.

Electrons in Disordered Metals and at Metallic Surfaces
Electrons in Disordered Metals and at Metallic Surfaces

Author: P. Phariseau

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1979-07

Total Pages: 592

ISBN-13:

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We present here the transcripts of lectures and talks which were delivered at the NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE "Electrons in Disordered Hetals and at ~~etallic Surfaces" held at the State University of Ghent, Belgium between August 28 and September 9, 1978. The aim of these lectures was to highlight some of the current progress in our understanding of the degenerate electron 'liquid' in an external field which is neither uniform nor periodic. This theme brought together such topics as the electronic structure at metallic surfaces and in random metallic alloys, liquid metals and metallic glasses. As is the case in connection with infinite order ed crystals, the central issues to be discussed were the nature of the electronic spectra, the stability of the various phases and the occurrence of such phenomena as magnetism and supercon ductivity. In the theoretical lectures the emphasis was on detailed rea listic calculations based, more or less, on the density functional approach to the problem of the inhomogeneous electron liquid. How ever, where such calculations were not available, as in the case of magnetism in random alloys and that of metallic glasses, sim pler phenomenological models were used. The theoretical discussions were balanced by reviews of the most promising experimental techniques. Here the stress was on results and their relevance to the fundamental theory. lforeover, the attention had centered on those experiments which probe the electronic structure in the greatest detail.

Theory of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
Theory of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas

Author: Stig Lundqvist

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 405

ISBN-13: 1489904158

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The theory of the inhomogeneous electron gas had its origin in the Thomas Fermi statistical theory, which is discussed in the first chapter of this book. This already leads to significant physical results for the binding energies of atomic ions, though because it leaves out shell structure the results of such a theory cannot reflect the richness of the Periodic Table. Therefore, for a long time, the earlier method proposed by Hartree, in which each electron is assigned its own personal wave function and energy, dominated atomic theory. The extension of the Hartree theory by Fock, to include exchange, had its parallel in the density description when Dirac showed how to incorporate exchange in the Thomas-Fermi theory. Considerably later, in 1951, Slater, in an important paper, showed how a result similar to but not identical with that of Dirac followed as a simplification of the Hartree-Fock method. It was Gombas and other workers who recognized that one could also incorporate electron correlation consistently into the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac theory by using uniform electron gas relations locally, and progress had been made along all these avenues by the 1950s.

Electron Correlation and Magnetism in Narrow-Band Systems
Electron Correlation and Magnetism in Narrow-Band Systems

Author: T. Moriya

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 3642816398

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Speech by Toyosaburo Taniguchi Welcome my friends to the Third International Symposium, Division on the Theory of Condensed Matter, of the Taniguchi Foundation. The need is now greater than ever for Japan to consider how to strengthen and foster international understanding between nations, peoples and societies, and how to contribute towards the establishment of peace and prosperity in the world. For more than twenty years, I have been supporting a symposium on mathe matics in which distinguished scholars from allover the world have engaged in free discussions. In this symposium, all the participants live together in community style. I have heard from members of some of these study groups that this type of setup has helped to strengthen their ties and relationships with their colleagues on a personal basis. What developed in the mathematics group led me to reorganize and strengthen the Taniguchi Foundation only a few years ago through additional funding. In order to effectively translate the objectives of the Foundation into action with the funds available, it becomes necessary to select those fields which are not necessarily in the limelight of popular interest, which means those fields which, I am afraid, are low in funding. I would rather choose from modest unimpressive academic fields than for the Foundation, projects those that stand out in gaudy, gorgeous popular acclaim.

Metal Surface Electron Physics
Metal Surface Electron Physics

Author: A. Kiejna

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1996-03-15

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 0080536344

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During the last thirty years metal surface physics, or generally surface science, has come a long way due to the development of vacuum technology and the new surface sensitive probes on the experimental side and new methods and powerful computational techniques on the theoretical side. The aim of this book is to introduce the reader to the essential theoretical aspects of the atomic and electronic structure of metal surfaces and interfaces. The book gives some theoretical background to students of experimental and theoretical physics to allow further exploration into research in metal surface physics.The book consists of three parts. The first part is devoted to classical description of geometry and structure of metal crystals and their surfaces and surface thermodynamics including properties of small metallic particles. Part two deals with quantum-mechanical description of electronic properties of simple metals. It starts from the free electron gas description and introduces the many body effects in the framework of the density functional theory, in order to discuss the basic surface electronic properties of simple metals. This part outlines also properties of alloy surfaces, the quantum size effect and small metal clusters. Part three gives a succinct description of metal surfaces in contact with foreign atoms and surfaces. It treats the work function changes due to alkali metal adsorption on metals, adhesion between metals and discusses the universal aspects of the binding energy curves. In each case extensive reference lists are provided.

Surfaces and Disorder
Surfaces and Disorder

Author: J.W. Halley

Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd

Published: 1985-01-01

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 3035704155

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Proceedings of the 12th Midwest Solid State Theory Symposium on Surfaces and Disorder, St. Paul MN, USA, 1984

New Trends in CO Activation
New Trends in CO Activation

Author: L. Guczi

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1991-06-25

Total Pages: 509

ISBN-13: 0080887155

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The aim of this volume is to provide scientists with a comprehensive summary of new research areas in the activation of carbon monoxide, as one of the most reactive molecules, and in its applications. In order to understand the variety of the reactivity of CO, a quantum-chemical approach helps the reader to understand the binding state of CO to the solid surface (Chapter 1). The structure of the adsorbed CO can be better understood by examining its reactivity towards single crystals in the absence and in the presence of promoters (Chapter 2). The first approach in the reactivity study is that of studying catalytic activity of single crystals and structure sensitivity which are summarized in Chapter 3. One of the most prominent effects in the CO activation process is ascribed to the presence of additives, promoters which, in a real catalyst system, are far more complicated than on single crystal surfaces (Chapter 4). The original Fischer-Tropsch process applied fused iron or cobalt catalysts which were suitable for producing mainly straight chain hydrocarbons. The two most important processes involving CO activation, the new FT process and alcohol formation are discussed in Chapters 5 and 7. An important type of catalyst, the bimetallic catalysts, is discussed in Chapter 6. The role of hydrogen as one of the most frequently used partners in CO activation is discussed in Chapter 8. The field of production of specialty chemicals is an excellent example of the homogeneous catalytic activation of CO (Chapter 9). In Chapter 10 an overview is given of the industrial applications of CO chemistry and these are illustrated by working processes. The final chapter gives the reader some hints about future progress in the field.