Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission
Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission

Author: Kevin L. Jensen

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-11-29

Total Pages: 714

ISBN-13: 1119051894

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A practical, in-depth description of the physics behind electron emission physics and its usage in science and technology Electron emission is both a fundamental phenomenon and an enabling component that lies at the very heart of modern science and technology. Written by a recognized authority in the field, with expertise in both electron emission physics and electron beam physics, An Introduction to Electron Emission provides an in-depth look at the physics behind thermal, field, photo, and secondary electron emission mechanisms, how that physics affects the beams that result through space charge and emittance growth, and explores the physics behind their utilization in an array of applications. The book addresses mathematical and numerical methods underlying electron emission, describing where the equations originated, how they are related, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams. Writing for the beam physics and solid state communities, the author explores applications of electron emission methodology to solid state, statistical, and quantum mechanical ideas and concepts related to simulations of electron beams to condensed matter, solid state and fabrication communities. Provides an extensive description of the physics behind four electron emission mechanisms—field, photo, and secondary, and how that physics relates to factors such as space charge and emittance that affect electron beams. Introduces readers to mathematical and numerical methods, their origins, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams Demonstrates applications of electron methodology as well as quantum mechanical concepts related to simulations of electron beams to solid state design and manufacture Designed to function as both a graduate-level text and a reference for research professionals Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission is a valuable learning tool for postgraduates studying quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, solid state physics, electron transport, and beam physics. It is also an indispensable resource for academic researchers and professionals who use electron sources, model electron emission, develop cathode technologies, or utilize electron beams.

Exoemission from Processed Solid Surfaces and Gas Adsorption
Exoemission from Processed Solid Surfaces and Gas Adsorption

Author: Yoshihiro Momose

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-11-24

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 9811969485

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This book focuses on surface activity of electron emission (EE). Prior to protective painting, a steel surface is usually grit blasted or sandblasted to remove scale and contaminants and to roughen the surface. This book emphasizes that such surface treatment causes EE, increasing the strength of paint adhesion. Introduced here are the experimental results of thermally assisted photoelectron emission (TAPE) and tribo-stimulated (rubbing) electron emission (TriboEE) from practical metals after different kinds of surface-treatment processes. A detailed description is given of how Arrhenius activation energies relating to electron transfer through the surface overlayer and also the energy levels of electrons trapped in the overlayer can be obtained, and how TAPE and TriboEE data can be influenced by the chemical properties of that overlayer. This book is composed of four parts: I. Surface treatment processes; II. The principle of EE analysis used for practical surfaces; III. Materials and methods of EE and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); IV. EE and XPS characteristics of practical surfaces. In the last part, the EE and XPS results for metals, semiconductors, and carbon materials are drawn from the author’s own publications. The book will be useful for researchers engaging in surface-treatment processes of various materials.

Treatise on Solid State Chemistry
Treatise on Solid State Chemistry

Author: N. Hannay

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 501

ISBN-13: 1461343135

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The last quarter-century has been marked by the extremely rapid growth of the solid-state sciences. They include what is now the largest subfield of physics, and the materials engineering sciences have likewise flourished. And, playing an active role throughout this vast area of science and engineer ing have been very large numbers of chemists. Yet, even though the role of chemistry in the solid-state sciences has been a vital one and the solid-state sciences have, in turn, made enormous contributions to chemical thought, solid-state chemistry has not been recognized by the general body of chemists as a major subfield of chemistry. Solid-state chemistry is not even well defined as to content. Some, for example, would have it include only the quantum chemistry of solids and would reject thermodynamics and phase equilibria; this is nonsense. Solid-state chemistry has many facets, and one of the purposes of this Treatise is to help define the field. Perhaps the most general characteristic of solid-state chemistry, and one which helps differentiate it from solid-state physics, is its focus on the chemical composition and atomic configuration of real solids and on the relationship of composition and structure to the chemical and physical properties of the solid. Real solids are usually extremely complex and exhibit almost infinite variety in their compositional and structural features.

Physical Electronics
Physical Electronics

Author: A. H. Beck

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 1483180921

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Handbook of Vacuum Physics, Volume 2: Physical Electronics, Parts 2 and 3 focuses on the processes, methodologies, and reactions involved in thermionic emission and secondary electron emission. The publication first offers information on the theory of thermionic cathodes and measurements on thermionic cathodes. Discussions focus on emission equation and velocity distribution of emitted electrons, surface phenomena and work function, band theory of solids, electrical conductivity, and measurements in special devices and practical tubes. The text then ponders on various types of thermionic cathodes, as well as core metal, compounds used for coating and their preparation, decomposition and activation, properties of oxide cathodes, and evaporation of oxide-coated cathodes. The manuscript takes a look at secondary emission of metals and insulators. Topics include energy distribution of secondary electrons from insulators; stability of secondary emission yield from insulators; influence of temperature on the total yield; electron bombardment induced conductivity; and variation of secondary emission with angle of incidence of primaries. The book then examines the technology of secondary emitting materials, including surfaces for use in electron multipliers and preparation of secondary emitting surfaces for use in storage tubes. The publication is a valuable reference for readers interested in in thermionic emission and secondary electron emission.

Thermionic Valves
Thermionic Valves

Author: A. H. W. Beck

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015-05-21

Total Pages: 591

ISBN-13: 1107502241

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Originally published in 1953, this book provides a theoretical account of the behaviour of thermionic high vacuum devices. Beck, who later became Professor of Engineering at the University of Cambridge, aims his explanation primarily at physics or engineering graduates in order to furnish them with the necessary background knowledge to 'appreciate current research papers'. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the history of science education and electrical engineering.

Springer Handbook of Inorganic Photochemistry
Springer Handbook of Inorganic Photochemistry

Author: Detlef Bahnemann

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-06-25

Total Pages: 1914

ISBN-13: 3030637131

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The handbook comprehensively covers the field of inorganic photochemistry from the fundamentals to the main applications. The first section of the book describes the historical development of inorganic photochemistry, along with the fundamentals related to this multidisciplinary scientific field. The main experimental techniques employed in state-of-art studies are described in detail in the second section followed by a third section including theoretical investigations in the field. In the next three sections, the photophysical and photochemical properties of coordination compounds, supramolecular systems and inorganic semiconductors are summarized by experts on these materials. Finally, the application of photoactive inorganic compounds in key sectors of our society is highlighted. The sections cover applications in bioimaging and sensing, drug delivery and cancer therapy, solar energy conversion to electricity and fuels, organic synthesis, environmental remediation and optoelectronics among others. The chapters provide a concise overview of the main achievements in the recent years and highlight the challenges for future research. This handbook offers a unique compilation for practitioners of inorganic photochemistry in both industry and academia.

Electron Emission Spectroscopy
Electron Emission Spectroscopy

Author: W. Dekeyser

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 514

ISBN-13: 9401026300

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Electron emission spectroscopy became recently a major tool for the study of molecules and solids. These volumes contain a rather complete review of the state of the art in this field. Both the physical and chemical aspects are covered extensively by well known specialists. Different modes of excitation are used in electron emission spec troscopy. The electron-solid scattering is covered in detail by C. B. Duke, from a theoretical point of view. Elastic and inelastic low energy electron diffraction are extensively discussed in relation to the geometrical, electronic and vibronic structure of solid surfaces. Auger electron emission spectroscopy (AES) is covered by J. C. Tracy. The tech nique is discussed from the point of view of surface research. This part also contains a complete literature list concerning the application of AES up to the middle of 1972. Electron emission produced by X-ray impact, is covered by C. S. Fadley, D. T. Clark, R. P. Gupta and S. K. Sen. The contribution by C. S. Fadley, entitled Theoretical Aspects of X-Ray Photo electron Spectroscopy', is an up to date discussion of core electron binding energies, valence electron binding energies, multiplet splittings and multi-electron processes. R. P. Gupta and S. K. Sen's contribution provides an introduction to crystal field theory and its application to electron energy level determination. D. T. Clark deals with the more chemical aspects of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, i.e. the study of chemical shifts and the relation to the bonding characteristics in molecules.