Electron Crystallography
Electron Crystallography

Author: Xiaodong Zou

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2011-08-18

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 0199580200

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In the modern world of ever smaller devices and nanotechnology, electron crystallography emerges as the most important method capable of determining the structure of minute objects down to the size of individual atoms. Crystals of only a few millionths of a millimetre are studied. This is the first textbook explaining how this is done. Great attention is given to symmetry in crystals and how it manifests itself in electron microscopy and electron diffraction, and how this symmetry can be determined and taken advantage of in achieving improved electron microscopy images and solving crystal structures from electron diffraction patterns. Theory and practice are combined; experimental images, diffraction patterns, formulae and numerical data are discussed in parallel, giving the reader a complete understanding of what goes on inside the "black boxes" of computer programs. This up-to-date textbook contains the newest techniques in electron crystallography, including detailed descriptions and explanations of the recent remarkable successes in determining the very complex structures of zeolites and intermetallics. The controversial issue of whether there is phase information present in electron micrsocopy images or not is also resolved once and for all. The extensive appendices include computer labs which have been used at various courses at Stockholm University and international schools in electron crystallography, with applications to the textbook. Students can download image processing programs and follow these lab instructions to get a hands-on experience of electron crystallography.

Electron Crystallography of Biological Macromolecules
Electron Crystallography of Biological Macromolecules

Author: Robert M. Glaeser

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13:

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This book provides a complete introduction to all major topics needed in order to use electron microscopy as a research tool in structural biology. Written by a group of 5 well-known pioneers of the field of electron cryo-microscopy of biological macromolecules, this book offers a depth of knowledge and expertise that could only be replicated from the primary literature with great difficulty.

Electron Crystallography
Electron Crystallography

Author: Xiaodong Zou

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2011-08-18

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 0191004804

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In the modern world of ever smaller devices and nanotechnology, electron crystallography emerges as the most important method capable of determining the structure of minute objects down to the size of individual atoms. Crystals of only a few millionths of a millimetre are studied. This is the first textbook explaining how this is done. Great attention is given to symmetry in crystals and how it manifests itself in electron microscopy and electron diffraction, and how this symmetry can be determined and taken advantage of in achieving improved electron microscopy images and solving crystal structures from electron diffraction patterns. Theory and practice are combined; experimental images, diffraction patterns, formulae and numerical data are discussed in parallel, giving the reader a complete understanding of what goes on inside the "black boxes" of computer programs. This up-to-date textbook contains the newest techniques in electron crystallography, including detailed descriptions and explanations of the recent remarkable successes in determining the very complex structures of zeolites and intermetallics. The controversial issue of whether there is phase information present in electron micrsocopy images or not is also resolved once and for all. The extensive appendices include computer labs which have been used at various courses at Stockholm University and international schools in electron crystallography, with applications to the textbook. Students can download image processing programs and follow these lab instructions to get a hands-on experience of electron crystallography.

Electron Crystallography
Electron Crystallography

Author: Devinder Singh

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2020-07-22

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 1838801898

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In the quantitative determination of new structures, micro-/nano-crystalline materials pose significant challenges. The different properties of materials are structure-dependent. Traditionally, X-ray crystallography has been used for the analysis of these materials. Electron diffraction is a technique that complements other techniques; for example, single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction for determination of structure. Electron diffraction plays a very important role when crystals are very small using single crystal X-ray diffraction or very complex for structure solution by powder X-ray diffraction. With the introduction of advanced methodologies, important methods for crystal structural analysis in the field of electron crystallography have been discovered, such as rotation electron diffraction (RED) and automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT). In recent years, large numbers of crystal structures have been solved using electron crystallography.

Uniting Electron Crystallography and Powder Diffraction
Uniting Electron Crystallography and Powder Diffraction

Author: Ute Kolb

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2012-12-20

Total Pages: 427

ISBN-13: 9400755805

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The polycrystalline and nanocrystalline states play an increasingly important role in exploiting the properties of materials, encompassing applications as diverse as pharmaceuticals, catalysts, solar cells and energy storage. A knowledge of the three-dimensional atomic and molecular structure of materials is essential for understanding and controlling their properties, yet traditional single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods lose their power when only polycrystalline and nanocrystalline samples are available. It is here that powder diffraction and single-crystal electron diffraction techniques take over, substantially extending the range of applicability of the crystallographic principles of structure determination. This volume, a collection of teaching contributions presented at the Crystallographic Course in Erice in 2011, clearly describes the fundamentals and the state-of-the-art of powder diffraction and electron diffraction methods in materials characterisation, encompassing a diverse range of disciplines and materials stretching from archeometry to zeolites. As such, it is a comprehensive and valuable resource for those wishing to gain an understanding of the broad applicability of these two rapidly developing fields.

Handbook of Crystallography
Handbook of Crystallography

Author: Allen G. Jackson

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1461230527

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This book resulted from a series of frustrations. Analytical electron microscopy requires exactly what its name implies: quantitative information to conduct an analysis. The frustrations arose when I started hunting for specific forms of equations in a form understandable to a non-crystaHographer, for definitions of subtle concepts related to crystallography, for intelligible interpretations of space group symbols and their significance. What I frequently discovered was that such information was buried in a giant tome and couched in terms familiar to crystallographers but not to electron microscopists in general, or it was located in an old reference not available in my library, or it was found in an out-of-print book, or it was in a Russian book no longer available, etc. So to minimize the frustrations, I started a notebook containing the details, particularly after I had found forms of equations useful for quick calculations or equations in a form useful for proving, doing, or extending calculations found in a reference. The resulting notebook grew to a respectable size, requiring some organizing of the contents. Finally, the size became large enough, and has proven useful enough, to produce the notebook as a book.

Surface Crystallography
Surface Crystallography

Author: L. J. Clarke

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13:

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Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) is one of the most commonly used techniques for crystal surface characterization at the atomic level. This book is designed to provide all the essential background information necessary to carry out surface crystallography using LEED.

Electron Microdiffraction
Electron Microdiffraction

Author: J.M. Zuo

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 1489923535

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Much of this book was written during a sabbatical visit by J. C. H. S. to the Max Planck Institute in Stuttgart during 1991. We are therefore grateful to Professors M. Ruhle and A. Seeger for acting as hosts during this time, and to the Alexander von Humbolt Foundation for the Senior Scientist Award which made this visit possible. The Ph. D. work of one of us (J. M. Z. ) has also provided much of the background for the book, together with our recent papers with various collaborators. Of these, perhaps the most important stimulus to our work on convergent-beam electron diffraction resulted from a visit to the National Science Foundation's Electron Microscopy Facility at Arizona State University by Professor R. H(lJier in 1988, and from a return visit to Trondheim by J. C. H. S. in 1990. We are therefore particularly grateful to Professor H(lJier and his students and co-workers for their encouragement and collaboration. At ASU, we owe a particular debt of gratitude to Professor M. O'Keeffe for his encouragement. The depth of his under standing of crystal structures and his role as passionate skeptic have frequently been invaluable. Professor John Cowley has also been an invaluable sounding board for ideas, and was responsible for much of the experimental and theoretical work on coherent nanodiffraction. The sections on this topic derive mainly from collaborations by J. C. H. S. with him in the seventies.

Cryo-EM Part A: Sample Preparation and Data Collection
Cryo-EM Part A: Sample Preparation and Data Collection

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2010-09-30

Total Pages: 466

ISBN-13: 0080956955

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Cryo-EM Part A: Sample Preparation and Data Collection is dedicated to a description of the instruments, samples, protocols, and analyses that belong to cryo-EM. It emphasizes the relatedness of the ideas, instrumentation, and methods underlying all cryo-EM approaches, which allow practitioners to easily move between them. Within each section, the articles are ordered according to the most common symmetry of the sample to which their methods are applied. - Includes time-tested core methods and new innovations applicable to any researcher - Methods included are useful to both established researchers and newcomers to the field - Relevant background and reference information given for procedures can be used as a guide

Transmission Electron Microscopy and Diffractometry of Materials
Transmission Electron Microscopy and Diffractometry of Materials

Author: Brent Fultz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-10-14

Total Pages: 775

ISBN-13: 3642297609

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This book explains concepts of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD) that are important for the characterization of materials. The fourth edition adds important new techniques of TEM such as electron tomography, nanobeam diffraction, and geometric phase analysis. A new chapter on neutron scattering completes the trio of x-ray, electron and neutron diffraction. All chapters were updated and revised for clarity. The book explains the fundamentals of how waves and wavefunctions interact with atoms in solids, and the similarities and differences of using x-rays, electrons, or neutrons for diffraction measurements. Diffraction effects of crystalline order, defects, and disorder in materials are explained in detail. Both practical and theoretical issues are covered. The book can be used in an introductory-level or advanced-level course, since sections are identified by difficulty. Each chapter includes a set of problems to illustrate principles, and the extensive Appendix includes laboratory exercises.