Electroinduced Drift of Neutral Charge Clusters in Salt Solutions
Electroinduced Drift of Neutral Charge Clusters in Salt Solutions

Author: Li Hunda

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-11-14

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 1000246132

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Electroinduced Drift of Neutral Charge Clusters in Salt Solutions presents studies of the processes accompanying the effect of periodic electric and magnetic fields on salt solutions in polar dielectric liquids. The authors explain phenomena from a physical point of view, without theoretical constructions and mathematical calculations. This is done in order to make the book accessible to a wide audience and to help the reader navigate in a multilateral topic that is touched upon when studying processes that occur in liquid media under the external influence of an electromagnetic nature. Additional Features: Explores the phenomenon of selective drift of solvated ions in polar dielectric liquids Applies general principles of electricity and magnetism to describe experimental results Demonstrates how small perturbations of the equilibrium distribution determine not the corrections to the effects but the effects themselves Approaches nonequilibrium molecular physics as a science of physical and chemical processes This book will be useful to specialists, engineers and graduate students, especially those recording and transmitting information in liquid media.

Biofabrication
Biofabrication

Author: Yi Cheng

Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published: 2013-03-18

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13: 0128090596

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Integrated circuits transformed our lives, and the potential for integrating biology with devices promises even greater transformations. A key question is how to effectively interface biological and microfabricated systems. Our approach is to “biofabricate” the biology-device interface using biological materials and mechanisms. Here, we review recent progress on three biofabrication approaches: the use of stimuli-responsive materials to recognize device-imposed electrical inputs to direct the assembly (i.e., to electrodeposit) of hydrogels; the use of enzymes to build structure by conjugating and crosslinking macromolecules; and the use of genetic techniques to engineer proteins for assembly. We further illustrate how these biofabrication approaches enable the biofunctionalization of previously fabricated microfluidic devices and suggest the potential for lab-on-chip analysis and the creation of experimental devices to study complex biological systems. We anticipate that the complementarity between biological and technological fabrication paradigms will provide broad opportunities to build structures that couple the power of electronics to the versatility of biology.

Liquid Metal Biomaterials
Liquid Metal Biomaterials

Author: Jing Liu

Publisher: Springer Series in Biomaterial

Published: 2019-08-08

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9789811338571

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This is the first-ever book to illustrate the principles and applications of liquid metal biomaterials. Room-temperature liquid metal materials are rapidly emerging as next-generation functional materials that display many unconventional properties superior to those of conventional biomaterials. Their outstanding, unique versatility ("one material, diverse capabilities") opens many exciting opportunities for the medical sciences. The book reviews representative applications of liquid metal biomaterials from both therapeutic and diagnostic aspects. It also discusses related efforts to employ liquid metals to overcome today's biomedical challenges. It will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the technical advances and fundamental discoveries on the frontier, and thus equip them to investigate and utilize liquid metal biomaterials to tackle various critical problems.

Silane Coupling Agents
Silane Coupling Agents

Author: Edwin P. Plueddemann

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 1489903429

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* It has been rumored that a bumble bee has such aerodynamic deficiencies that it should be incapable of flight. Fiberglass-reinforced polymer com posites, similarly, have two (apparently) insurmountable obstacles to per formance: 1) Water can hydrolyze any conceivable bond between organic and inorganic phase, and 2) Stresses across the interface during temperature cycling (resulting from a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients) may exceed the strength of one of the phases. Organofunctional silanes are hybrid organic-inorganic compounds that are used as coupling agents across the organic-inorganic interface to help overcome these two obstacles to composite performance. One of their functions is to use the hydrolytic action of water under equilibrium condi tions to relieve thermally induced stresses across the interface. If equilib rium conditions can be maintained, the two problems act to cancel each other out. Coupling agents are defined primarily as materials that improve the practical adhesive bond of polymer to mineral. This may involve an increase in true adhesion, but it may also involve improved wetting, rheology, and other handling properties. The coupling agent may also modify the inter phase region to strengthen the organic and inorganic boundary layers.

An Introduction to Ionic Liquids
An Introduction to Ionic Liquids

Author: Michael Freemantle

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2019-03-22

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 1849737053

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In the late 1990s, there was an explosion of research on ionic liquids and they are now a major topic of academic and industrial interest with numerous existing and potential applications. Since then, the number of scientific papers focusing on ionic liquids has risen exponentially, including a few edited multi-author books covering the latest advances in ionic liquids chemistry and several volumes of symposium proceedings. Much of the content in these books and volumes is written using technical jargon that only scientists at the cutting edge of ionic liquids research will understand and ionic liquids are hardly covered in most modern chemistry textbooks. This is the first single-author book on ionic liquids and the first introductory book on the topic. It is written in a clear, concise and consistent way. The book provides a useful introduction to ionic liquids for those readers who are not familiar with the topic. It is also wide ranging, embracing every aspect of the chemistry and applications of ionic liquids. The book draws extensively on the primary scientific literature to provide numerous examples of research on ionic liquids. These examples will enable the reader to become familiar with the key developments in ionic liquids chemistry over recent years. The book provides an introduction to: ionic liquids; their nomenclature; history; physical, chemical and biological properties; and their wide ranging uses and potential applications in catalysis, electrochemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, analysis, biotechnology, green chemistry and clean technology. Notable and important chapters include "The Green Credentials of Ionic Liquids" and "Biotechnology." The chapter on "Applications" includes sections with brief descriptions of recent research on the development of ionic liquids: - for the construction of a liquid mirror for a moon telescope - for use as rocket propellants - for use as antimicrobial agents that combat MRSA - as active pharmaceutical ingredients and antiviral drugs - for embalming and tissue preservation Science students, researchers, teachers in academic institutions and chemists and other scientists in industry and government laboratories will find the book an invaluable introduction to one of the most rapidly advancing and exciting fields of science and technology today.

Emulsion Science
Emulsion Science

Author: Jerôme Bibette

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2003-07-01

Total Pages: 148

ISBN-13: 3540708200

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Emulsions occur either as end products or during the processing of products in a huge range of areas including the food, agrochemical, pharmaceuticals, paints and oil industries. As end products, emulsions allow to avoid organic solvent in processing hydrophobic coatings. Emulsion technology is a suitable approach to vehicle viscous phases. It is also a remarkable mean of targeting actives or capturing specific species. The range of applications of emulsions progresses and their manufacturing becomes more and more sophisticated. Besides this broad domain of technological interest, emulsions are raising a variety of fundamental questions at the frontier between physic and chem istry. Indeed, as a class of soft colloidal materials, emulsions science is linked to various aspects of these disciplines: phase transitions, surface forces and wetting, metastability and hydrodynamic instabilities, mechanical properties and flow. The aim of this book is to review the main important concepts governing emulsion science. In Chapter 2, repulsive interactions between liquid films are discussed as well as adhesive interaction related to wetting. In Chap ter 3, consequences of weak and strong attractions are presented, related to the well accepted liquid solid transition analogy. In Chapter 4, the basics of both bulk compressibility and shear elasticity are presented, the role of disorder being the most important aspect of the elastic behavior of these soft systems. In Chapter 5 the central question of the emulsion lifetime related to metastability is discussed.

Electroporation Protocols
Electroporation Protocols

Author: Shulin Li

Publisher: Humana Press

Published: 2008-02-01

Total Pages: 524

ISBN-13: 9781588298775

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In this volume, top researchers provide hands-on protocols describing the process of non-viral delivery of genetic materials such as DNA in order to better treat disease. Each method and protocol offers step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory instructions, with the benefit of several introductory reviews to aid investigators new to this exciting technology. Notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls are helpfully provided.

Laser Precision Microprocessing of Materials
Laser Precision Microprocessing of Materials

Author: A. G. Grigor'yants

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-02-04

Total Pages: 439

ISBN-13: 042994991X

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This reference focuses on the current state of fundamental research and industrial achievements in the field of precision laser processing of a wide range of metal, semiconductor and dielectric materials. The possibilities of microprocessing by pulsed nanosecond laser radiation and copper vapor laser systems are analyzed. Design and operation principles, ways to increase their efficiency and reliability, and a series of modern automated technological installations are described. The work will be of interest to specialists, engineers, students and graduate students working and studying in the field of laser technology and optics, laser and information technology.