El Nino and La Nina Information
El Nino and La Nina Information

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The San Francisco Bay Area weather forecast office of the National Weather Service (NWS) presents a collection of Web sites on El Nino and La Nina. The Web sites cover the El Nino Southern Oscillation, El Nino and La Nina predictions, the impacts of El Nino, current El Nino advisories and forecasts, and sea surface temperatures. El Nino is a disruption of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures. La Nina is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific.

El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate
El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate

Author: Michael J. McPhaden

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2020-11-24

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13: 1119548128

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Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.

Learning to Predict Climate Variations Associated with El Nino and the Southern Oscillation
Learning to Predict Climate Variations Associated with El Nino and the Southern Oscillation

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1997-01-12

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 0309053420

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The TOGA (Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere) Program was designed to study short-term climate variations. A 10-year international program, TOGA made El Nino a household word. This book chronicles the cooperative efforts of oceanographers and meteorologists, several U.S. government agencies, many other nations, and international scientific organizations to study El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It describes the progression from being unable to detect the development of large climate variations to being able to make and use rudimentary climate predictions, especially for some tropical countries. It examines the development of the TOGA Program, evaluates its accomplishments, describes U.S. participation in the program, and makes general recommendations for developing better understanding and predictions of climate variations on seasonal to interannual time scales.

El Niño, 1997-1998
El Niño, 1997-1998

Author: Gerald D. Bell

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 0195135520

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This book will cover the time span from the first indications of El Nino (May 1997) until its reversal (June 1998). The focus will be largely on the United States, where El Nino produced widespread changes in how the public perceives weather and in the accuracy of forecasts Among the key issues it will examine are how the news media interpreted and dramatixed El Nino and the reaction both of the public and decision-makers (the latter based on interviews with agribusiness, utilities, water management agencies, etc.); the scientific issues emerging from the event; and the social and economic consequences of the event. Finally, it will suggest what can and should be done when El Nino occurs in the future.

The Weather Sourcebook
The Weather Sourcebook

Author: Ronald L. Wagner

Publisher:

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13:

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An amazing compilation of resources and gadgetry, where to buy them, as well as a complete primer on the science of weather forecasting. Included is information on rainfall, clouds, storms, record temperatures, world weather patterns, and a seemingly endless array of additional weather topics, completely updated with this new edition. Of interest to farmers, pilots, students or anyone wishing to understand more about the weather and prediction. New features in this revision are: -- international information, such as temperature records, wind patterns, etc., that were not previously included; -- interviews with tornado watchers and other weather professionals who outline their most memorable experiences.