Heathlands
Heathlands

Author: R. Aerts

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 9401582300

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Increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition and changes in the management of heathlands have caused a significant change in the species composition of the NW-European heathlands. This change from ericaceous towards gramineous dominance is analysed in detail in Heathlands: Patterns and Processes in a Changing Environment. Special emphasis is put on the effects of increased atmospheric nutrient input on nutrient cycling, competition between plant species and plant--herbivore interactions. The possibilities for the long-term conservation of heathlands are discussed by considering regeneration from seed and the usefulness of mathematical management models. The book provides a synthesis of pure and applied plant ecology. It is vital reading for plant ecologists, biological conservationists, heathland managers and government decision makers.

Bryophytes and Lichens in a Changing Environment
Bryophytes and Lichens in a Changing Environment

Author: Jeffrey Bates

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13:

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This volume presents a synthesis of new information about the responses of bryophytes and lichens to changing environmental conditions, particularly those brought about by human activities. Bryophytes and lichens are often treated independently, but as they commonly exist in association with each other and share similar characteristics, they are here described together. The environmental sensitivity of both types of organisms is truly remarkable. At various times the use of one group or the other has been recommended to indicate the presence of particular mineral deposits (geological prospecting), soil and site conditions (forestry), level of atmosphere and aquatic pollutants (biomonitoring), ages of rock surfaces (lichenometry), and historical continuity of forests cover (bioindication). Topics covered in this book include physiology, distribution, ecological function, and response to pollution and land management of these organisms.

The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystems
The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystems

Author: S.J. Langan

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-14

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 9401733562

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This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution.

The European Nitrogen Assessment
The European Nitrogen Assessment

Author: Mark A. Sutton

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-04-14

Total Pages: 665

ISBN-13: 1139501372

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Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.

Landscape Ecology of a Stressed Environment
Landscape Ecology of a Stressed Environment

Author: Claire C. Vos

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 9401123187

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This series presents studies that have used the paradigm of landscape ecology. Other approaches, both to landscape and landscape ecology are common, but in the last decade landscape ecology has become distinct from its predecessors and its contemporaries. Landscape ecol ogy addresses the relationships among spatial patterns, temporal pat terns and ecological processes. The effect of spatial configurations on ecological processes is fundamental. When human activity is an import ant variable affecting those relationships, landscape ecology includes it. Spatial and temporal scales are as large as needed for comprehension of system processes and the mosaic included may be very heteroge neous. Intellectual utility and applicability of results are valued equally. The International Association for Landscape Ecology sponsors this series of studies in order to introduce and disseminate some of the new knowledge that is being produced by this exciting new environmental science. Gray Merriam Ottawa, Canada Preface In Europe, during the seventies, landscape ecology emerged as a fusion of the spatial approach of geographers and the functional approach of ecologists. The latter focused on ecosystem functioning, regarding eco systems as homogeneous, almost abstract units in space, with input and output of energy and matter to and from the undefined surroundings.

Atmospheric Ammonia
Atmospheric Ammonia

Author: Mark Sutton

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-12-30

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 1402091214

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Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia cause a host of environmental impacts, including loss of biodiversity, soil acidification and formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere. Under the auspices of the UNECE Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution, around 80 international experts met to review the state of scientific knowledge. This book reports their analysis. It concludes that threshold levels for ammonia effects have been underestimated and sets new values, it assesses the independent evidence to verify reported reductions in regional ammonia emissions, and it reviews the uncertainties in modelling ammonia, both in "hot spots" and at the regional scale.

Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China
Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China

Author: Xuejun Liu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-10-04

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 9811385149

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Atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N) emissions, as an important component of global N cycle, have been significantly altered by anthropogenic activities, and consequently have had a global impact on air pollution and ecosystem services. Due to rapid agricultural, industrial, and urban development, China has been experiencing an increase in reactive N emissions and deposition since the late 1970s. Based on a literature review, this book summarizes recent research on: 1) atmospheric reactive N in China from a global perspective (Chapter 1); 2) atmospheric reactive N emissions, deposition and budget in China (Chapters 2-5); 3) the contribution of atmospheric reactive N to air pollution (e.g., haze, surface O3, and acid deposition) (Chapters 6-8); 4) the impacts of N deposition on sensitive ecosystems (e.g., forests, grasslands, deserts and lakes) (Chapters 9-12); and 5) the regulatory strategies for mitigation of atmospheric reactive N pollution from agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in China (Chapters 13-14). As such it offers graduate students, researchers, educators in agricultural, ecological and environmental sciences, and policy makers a glimpse of the environmental issues related to reactive N in China .

North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment
North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment

Author: Markus Quante

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-31

Total Pages: 555

ISBN-13: 3319397451

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This book offers an up-to-date review of our current understanding of climate change in the North Sea and adjacent areas, as well as its impact on ecosystems and socio-economic sectors. It provides a detailed assessment of climate change based on published scientific work compiled by independent international experts from climate-related disciplines such as oceanography, atmospheric sciences, marine and terrestrial ecology, using a regional evaluation and review process similar to that of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of our changing climate, discussing a wide range of topics including past, current and future climate change, and climate-related changes in marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. It also explores the impact of climate change on socio-economic sectors such as fisheries, agriculture, coastal zone management, coastal protection, urban climate, recreation/tourism, offshore activities/energy, and air pollution.

The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystems
The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystems

Author: S.J. Langan

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1999-07-31

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 9780412810404

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This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution.