Education, Job Signaling, and Dual Labor Markets in Developing Countries
Author: Sunwoong Kim
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 40
ISBN-13:
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Author: Sunwoong Kim
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 40
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Tazeen Fasih
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 2008-04-09
Total Pages: 112
ISBN-13: 0821375105
DOWNLOAD EBOOK'Linking Education Policy to Labor Market Outcomes' examines current research and new evidence from Ghana and Pakistan representative of two of the poorest regions of the world to assess how education can increase income and help people move out of poverty. This study indicates that in addition to early investments in cognitive and noncognitive skills which produce a high return and lower the cost of later educational investment by making learning at later ages more efficient quality, efficiency, and linkages to the broader macro-economic context also matter. Education and relevant skills are still the key determinants of good labor market outcomes for individuals. However, education policies aimed at improving skills will have a limited effect on the incomes of that skilled workforce or on the performance of a national economy if other policies that increase the demand for these skills are not in place. For education to contribute to national economic growth, policies should aim at improving the quality of education by spending efficiently and by adapting the basic and postbasic curricula to develop the skills increasingly demanded on the global labor market, including critical thinking, problem solving, social behavior, and information technology.
Author: Ozay Mehmet
Publisher:
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 42
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Mark Blaug
Publisher: ILO
Published: 1973
Total Pages: 108
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe main aim of the present volume is to assess the responsibility of educational authorities in the employment problem of less developed countries. Are there reasons to think that the quantity and quality of education in these countries have a significant impact on their employment problem? If so, how can educational systems be reformed so as to maximise the rate of growth of income-earning opportunities? Which policies are actually feasible in the light of different national conditions? It is questions of this kind that are tackled in the present study, a fluently written and highly articulate work by Professor Mark Blaug, of the University of London Institute of Education and the London School of Economics, who is one of the world's leading specialists in the economics of education and in educational planning in general. The work is one of a series of general background studies specially written for the ILO's World Employment Programme by distinguished independent scholars in order to clarify the various questions involved and to promote the widest possible discussion of the relevant issues.
Author: Beatrice G. Reubens
Publisher:
Published: 1979
Total Pages: 148
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKComparison of vocational guidance components and job placement methodologys relating to transition from school to work in countries of Western Europe, the USA, Japan and Australia - comprising an abridged version of the monograph 'bridges to work', covers vocational counselling, job searching, workers induction and follow-up, etc. Bibliography pp. 115 to 132 and statistical tables.
Author: Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 1995-11-01
Total Pages: 98
ISBN-13: 1451854781
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.
Author: Peter R. Moock
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 31
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMay 1998 One study shows that as Vietnam liberalizes its labor market, private rates of return to primary and higher education are already relatively high-and could be higher yet with greater cost recovery and lower costs (a more efficient system). The transition from a centrally planned to a market economy is likely to have a strong impact on the labor market, on relative earnings, and on returns to education. Major economic reforms in Vietnam since 1986 (the policy known as Doi Moi) have included a number of measures to liberalize the labor market. It is too soon to assess the full impact of these reforms, but Moock, Patrinos, and Venkataraman analyze the returns to education, on the basis of earnings in 1992-93 (collected in the first Vietnam Living Standards Survey). This represents one of the first countrywide analyses of the monetary benefits of schooling in Vietnam at a time when the labor market was in transition. On average, the estimated rates of returns are still relatively low, which is to be expected, since salary reforms were not introduced until 1993. Average private rates of return to primary education (13 percent) and university education (11 percent) are higher than those to secondary and vocational education (only 4 to 5 percent). Returns to higher education are slightly higher for women (12 percent) than for men (10 percent). Evidence from other transition economies suggests that returns are likely to increase as reforms in the labor market take full effect. The results support this hypothesis: Returns for younger Vietnamese workers (14 percent) are considerably higher than for older workers (only 4 percent). Implications for policymaking: * It is important to monitor future earnings and trends in the labor market, as updates of this analysis could provide more robust estimates of the transition's effects on earnings and returns to education. * At a time when the Vietnamese government is reassessing its pricing policy, the fact that private rates of return to higher education are relatively high suggests the potential for greater cost recovery. * Efforts to improve efficiency in secondary and higher education could increase the rate of return by lowering costs. This paper-a joint product of the East Asia and Pacific, Country Department I, Human Resources Operations Division, and Human Development Network, Education Team-is part of a larger effort in the Bank to analyze the economic benefits of schooling in transition economies. The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].
Author: Mark Blaug
Publisher:
Published: 1974
Total Pages: 89
ISBN-13: 9780333903414
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Robert M. Lindley
Publisher: Society for Research Into Higher Education
Published: 1981
Total Pages: 192
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis publication is the first from the Leverhulme program of study, which focused on the major strategic options likely to be available to higher education institutions and policy-making bodies in the 1980s and 1990s. It resulted from a specialist seminar on higher education and the labor market. The chapters are: "Employers' Perceptions of Demand" (Laurence C. Hunter); "Technological Manpower" (Derek L. Bosworth); "Response to Change in the United States" (Richard B. Freeman); "Higher Education Policy" (Maurice Peston); and "The Challenge of Market Imperatives" (Robert M. Lindley). Lindley notes that the British higher education system has never come to grips with the role it might play in economic development and examines some areas of need and improvement: the search for more students; the need to get the labor market more involved in the environment of higher education and to get education to respond to market need with qualified persons; the role of higher education in the screening and credentialism process; to encourage industry's role in funding and organizing higher education; and stabilizing the labor market environment. It is concluded that labor market issues have to be handled at a more sophisticated level than the debate about manpower alone. (LC)
Author: International Institute for Educational Planning
Publisher:
Published: 1980
Total Pages: 310
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSegmented labour markets / M Carnoy.