Presents emerging areas of biotechnological research and applications, as well as various aspects of two interwoven problems: the raising of the competitive edge of industrial production, and the protection of the environment and improvement of quality of life.
This book provides a commentary on the law of the EU related to the Monetary Union. It contains a comprehensive analysis of all provisions of the Statute of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) and the European Central Bank (ECB). In addition, the book also analyses all provisions of the Treaties themselves which regulate the ESCB and the ECB. This analysis is supplemented by commentaries on other Protocols which contain relevant rules for the Monetary Union. In essence, all relevant statutory rules governing the euro and its key monetary authority, the European Central Bank, are unfolded and explained in one volume. This gives the book a unique position in the legal literature on the law of the EU. With contributions by renowned academics and practitioners, this book is an expanded and updated translation of the 2013 German commentary, EWU Kommentar zu Europäischen Währungsunion (Mohr Siebeck) and is an invaluable resource for practitioners and academics alike who are looking for a provision-by-provision commentary on the laws governing the European Monetary Union.
To endow computers with common sense is one of the major long-term goals of artificial intelligence research. One approach to this problem is to formalize commonsense reasoning using mathematical logic. Commonsense Reasoning: An Event Calculus Based Approach is a detailed, high-level reference on logic-based commonsense reasoning. It uses the event calculus, a highly powerful and usable tool for commonsense reasoning, which Erik Mueller demonstrates as the most effective tool for the broadest range of applications. He provides an up-to-date work promoting the use of the event calculus for commonsense reasoning, and bringing into one place information scattered across many books and papers. Mueller shares the knowledge gained in using the event calculus and extends the literature with detailed event calculus solutions that span many areas of the commonsense world. The Second Edition features new chapters on commonsense reasoning using unstructured information including the Watson system, commonsense reasoning using answer set programming, and techniques for acquisition of commonsense knowledge including crowdsourcing. - Understand techniques for automated commonsense reasoning - Incorporate commonsense reasoning into software solutions - Acquire a broad understanding of the field of commonsense reasoning - Gain comprehensive knowledge of the human capacity for commonsense reasoning
This volume contains the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Frontier Computing (FC 2015), Bangkok, Thailand, September 9-11, 2015, and brings together state-of-the-art results covering many aspects of emerging computer science and information technology from international academic and industrial researchers. FC 2015 aimed at providing an open forum to reach a comprehensive understanding of the recent advances and developing trends in information technology, computer science and engineering, with themes under the scope of communication networks, business intelligence and knowledge management, web intelligence, and any related fields that prompt the development of information technology. Contributions cover a wide spectrum of topics: database and data mining, networking and communications, web and internet of things, embedded system, soft computing, social network analysis, security and privacy, optics communication, and ubiquitous/pervasive computing. Many papers have shown great academic potential and value, and in addition indicate promising directions of research in the focused realm of this conference series. Readers, including students, researchers, and industry professionals, will benefit from the results presented in this book, and it provides indicators for emerging trends for those starting their research careers.
Provides a means of correlating many nationally used metal and alloy numbering systems currently administrated by societies, trade associations, and those individual users and producers of metals and alloys. It provides the uniformity necessary for efficient indexing, record keeping, data storage and retrieval, and cross-referencing. This Ninth Edition of Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System includes: Introduction to the Unified Numbering System Index to the UNS Designations by Base Elements Listings of UNS Numbers Assigned to Date, with Description of Each Material Covered and References to Documents in Which the Same or Similar Materials are described Cross Index of Commonly Known Documents Which Describe Materials Same as or Similar to Those Covered By UNS Numbers Index of Common Trade Designations Reprint of 'Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys' (ASTM E 527 and SAE J1086 JUL95).Descriptions and cross-references include federal and military specifications, as well as specifications from these organizations: AA (Aluminum Association) Numbers ACI (Steel Founders of America) Numbers AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) including SEA Numbers (Carbon and Low Alloy Steels) AMS (SAE Aerospace Materials Specifications) Numbers ASME ( American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Numbers ASTM (American Society for Testing & Materials) Numbers AWS (American Welding Society) Numbers SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) 'J' Numbers.