Oldenburg argues that dowry murder is not about dowry per se nor is it rooted in an Indian culture or caste system that encourages violence against women. Rather, dowry murder can be traced directly to the influences of the British colonial era.
Oldenburg argues that dowry murder is not about dowry per se nor is it rooted in an Indian culture or caste system that encourages violence against women. Rather, dowry murder can be traced directly to the influences of the British colonial era.
Patriarchy in India is structured within the joint-family where land is inherited only by sons. Women are given dowry upon marriage but it represents little material wealth to them because much of it is given to the joint-family. In the past, the meaning of dowry was largely religious and symbolic. With the introduction to a cash economy in India and the economic crisis of the 1970s, dowry and dowry-murders have increased, becoming a form of ready cash to be used by the groom and his family. Dowry-murder is an outgrowth of the commercialization and desacralization of dowry and the resulting decrease in women's status. This paper argues that the position of Indian women in the patriarchal family and the impact of current socioeconomic forces on marriage and dowry have led to the dowry-murder phenomenon.
"Dowry in India has long been blamed for the murder of wives and female infants. Reconstructing the history of dowry in this highly provocative book, Veena Talwar Oldenburg argues that dowry is not always the motive for these killings as is widely believed; nor are these crimes a product of Indian culture or caste system. In the pre-colonial period, dowry, an institution managed by women to enable them to establish their independence, was a safety net. As a consequence of massive economic and societal upheaval brought on by British rule, however, women's control of the system diminished and dowry became extortion." -- Page 4 of cover.
Before a crowd of several thousand people, mostly men, a young woman dressed in her bridal finery was burned alive on her husband's funeral pyre. The apparent revival of an ancient tradition opened old wounds in Indian society and focused world attention on the status and treatment of women in modern India.".
This paper suggests that, from a materialist perspective, dowry deaths in India, including both homicides and suicides, are caused by social pressures from the hierarchical relations of production that tie Indians to each other and to the rest of the world. Hierarchical relations of production in three major areas are examined: (1) India's subordinate relations or dependency in the capitalist world market, (2) the class structure which concentrates control of basic economic resources in the hands of a small proportion of the population, and (3) the subordinate and generally dependent position of women in the control of resources. Within this context, dowry demands, that is, the catalysts for dowry deaths, are one of a number of attempts for men to raise their status, at the expense of women. Work of diverse scholars as well as data from fieldwork in Southern India in 1987 is examined.