Legislative Calendar
Legislative Calendar

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

Publisher:

Published:

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13:

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Fair and Equitable Treatment
Fair and Equitable Treatment

Author: Patrick Dumberry

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2018-07-17

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13: 9004366121

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The fair and equitable treatment (‘FET’) standard is a type of protection found in BITs which has become in the last decades one of the most controversial provisions examined by arbitral tribunals. This book first examines the interaction between the ‘minimum standard of treatment’ (MST) and the FET standard and the question why States started referring to the former in their BITs. It also addresses the question whether the FET should be considered as an autonomous standard of protection under BITs. This book also examines the controversial proposition that the FET standard should now be considered as a rule of customary international law. I will show that while the practice of States to include FET clauses in their BITs can be considered as general, widespread and representative, it remains that it is not uniform and consistent enough for the standard to have crystallised into a customary rule. States also lack the necessary opinio juris when including the clause in their BITs.

Beyond the Water's Edge
Beyond the Water's Edge

Author: Kathleen H. Hicks

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2018-10-15

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 1442280883

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This report assesses domestic political support for internationalist foreign policy by analyzing the motivations of members of Congress on key foreign policy issues. It includes case studies on major foreign policy debates in recent years, including the use of force, foreign aid, trade policy and U.S.-Russia relations. It also develops a new series of archetypes for describing the foreign policy worldviews of members of the 115th Congress to replace the current stale and unsophisticated labels of internationalist, isolationist, hawk and dove. Report findings emphasize areas of bipartisan cooperation on foreign policy issues given member ideologies.

Scientific Satellite and Moon-Based Earth Observation for Global Change
Scientific Satellite and Moon-Based Earth Observation for Global Change

Author: Huadong Guo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-27

Total Pages: 641

ISBN-13: 9811380317

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Global change involves complex and far-reaching variations in the Earth’s systems, and satellite observations have been widely used in global change studies. Over the past five decades, Earth observation has developed into a comprehensive system that can conduct dynamic monitoring of the land, the oceans and the atmosphere at the local, regional and even global scale. At the same time, although a large number of Earth observation satellites have been launched, very few of them are used in global change studies. The lack of scientific satellite programs greatly hinders research on global change. This book proposes using a series of global change scientific satellites to establish a scientific observation grid for global environmental change monitoring from space, and offers the first comprehensive review of lunar-based Earth observation. These scientific satellites could provide not only basic datasets but also scientific support in facilitating advances in international global change research.