In this book, the latest developments in the study of the dissociative recombination of electrons and molecular ions are discussed. This process is of great importance in controlling the physical and chemical states of ionized gases. It has direct application to astrophysics, aeronomy, thermonuclear fusion research, plasma processing and combustion science.
Dissociative recombination is a complex molecular process that occurs in any plasma cold enough to contain molecular constituents. It is the dominant recombination process in planetary ionospheres and interstellar clouds. In this book, recent developments in the fields of molecular ion physics, atomic and molecular theory, astrochemistry, aeronomy and plasma physics are discussed.
Dissociative Recombination of Molecular Ions with Electrons is a comprehensive collection of refereed papers describing the latest developments in dissociative recombination research. The papers are written by the leading researchers in the field. The topics covered include the use of microwave afterglows, merged beams and storage rings to measure rate coefficients and to identify the products and their yields. The molecules studied range in size from the smallest, H2+, to bovine insulin ions. The theoretical papers cover the important role of Rydberg states and the use of wave packets and quantum defect theory to deduce cross sections, rate constants and quantum yields. Several theoretical and experimental papers address the controversial topic of H3+ dissociative recombination and its importance in the interstellar medium. Dissociative recombination studies of other molecular ions in the interstellar medium and in cometary and planetary atmospheres are covered. Ionization is an important competitive process to dissociative recombination and its competition with predissociation and its role in the reverse process of the association of neutral species is presented. Dissociative attachment, in which an electron attaches to a neutral molecule, has many similarities to dissociative recombination. The topics covered include the accurate calculation of electron affinities, attachment to molecules, clusters, and to species absorbed on solid surfaces and electron scattering by a molecular anion.
Comprises a comprehensive reference source that unifies the entire fields of atomic molecular and optical (AMO) physics, assembling the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field. 92 chapters written by about 120 authors present the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field, together with a guide to the primary research literature (carefully edited to ensure a uniform coverage and style, with extensive cross-references). Along with a summary of key ideas, techniques, and results, many chapters offer diagrams of apparatus, graphs, and tables of data. From atomic spectroscopy to applications in comets, one finds contributions from over 100 authors, all leaders in their respective disciplines. Substantially updated and expanded since the original 1996 edition, it now contains several entirely new chapters covering current areas of great research interest that barely existed in 1996, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, and cosmological variations of the fundamental constants. A fully-searchable CD- ROM version of the contents accompanies the handbook.
Gas phase ion chemistry is a broad field that has many applications and which encompasses various branches of chemistry and physics. Advances in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, Volume 4, describes innovative ways of studying reactions as well as the application of unique apparatuses to problems in this field. This volume contains a series of chapters, in the general area of gas phase chemistry and physics, which are at the cutting edge of research. The chapters are not meant to be general reviews, but focus on the author's own work. They focus on both experimental and theoretical work, which gives a balance to the volume. Applications are included to appeal to a wider audience and to broaden the knowledge of the more fundamentally inclined. An application to environmental pollution monitoring and medical monitoring of breath is included. With successive volumes, the coverage broadens to include more current research in the title area. The book is aimed at graduate researchers, university faculty and graduates in industry. The editors have made a specific effort to include contributions from those relatively new to the field, which brings in new ideas and perspectives, as well as those more established workers, who bring a wealth of experience.
Are you a non-native English speaker? Are you often confronted with manuscript rejections because of poor language impeding comprehension of your paper? A Practical Guide to Scientific and Technical Translation is your solution. In this one-stop guide, two authors with extensive experience as reviewers and translators in a vast medley of scientific fields assist you to produce professional quality documents, whether through direct authoring in a language foreign to you or translation from an existing text. The book is not intended as a text on English grammar but as a troubleshooting guide to linguistic and style errors. We will help you overcome at least the most common problems here. Technical terminology searching and choice will also be covered with examples from a number of scientific (physics, chemistry) and engineering disciplines (aviation, transport, nuclear, environment, etc.), with advice on how to choose the right term for the right job. While the emphasis is on producing documents in English (the lingua franca of modern scientific literature), general translation concepts are also discussed. Hence, this book will also be useful to translators, and scientists who need to present their work in languages other than English.
Gas-phase ion chemistry is a broad field which has many applications and which encompasses various branches of chemistry and physics. An application that draws together many of these branches is the synthesis of molecules in interstellar clouds. This was part of the motivation for studies on the neutralization of ions by electrons and on isomerization in ion-neutral associations. The results of investigations of particular aspects of ion dynamics are presented in this volume. Solvation in ion-molecule reactions is discussed and extended to include multiply charged ions by the application of electrospray techniques. This volume also provides a wealth of information on reaction thermodynamics which is critical in determining reaction spontaneity and availability of reaction channels. More focused studies are also presented towards the end of this volume, relating to the ionization process and its nature.
Electron-molecule collisions have been studied extensively by both experimentalists and theorists since the early years of this century. The past ten years have seen a remarkable renaissance in experimental and theoretical activities in the study of electron collision processes with molecules. This was stimulated (i) by the advent of more powerful computers and new theoretical concepts that allow the study of complex targets and collision processes with a multitude of final states (such as ionization and dissociation) and the investigation of collisions with oriented and aligned molecules, (ii) by advances in experimental instrumentation (improved electron spectrometers, intense sources of spin-polarized electrons, position-sensitive detectors), and (iii) by the discovery of a new class of species, e.g. large stable carbon clusters or “fullerenes”, which opened up a new field of theoretical and experimental research in which collisions involving fullerenes as targets or as projectiles constitute an important component. Lastly, electron-molecule collisions are a key component in efforts to characterize, diagnose, describe and model the complex processes in low-temperature plasmas, which are of ever-increasing importance in many rapidly developing high-tech applications (such as the fabrication of microelectronic chips), in the controlled deposition of thin films and in plasma-assisted surface-modification processes. This book covers the activities in all those areas.
Owing to the advances of vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast lasers and third generation synchrotron sources, the research on photoionization, photoelectrons, and photodetachment has gained much vitality in recent years. These new light sources, together with ingenious experimental techniques, such as the coincidence imaging, molecular beam, pulsed field ionization photoelectron, mass-analyzed threshold ion, and pulsed field ion pair schemes, have allowed spectroscopic, dynamic, and energetic studies of gaseous species to a new level of detail and accuracy. Profitable applications of these methods to liquids are emerging.This invaluable two-volume review consists of twenty-two chapters, focusing on recent developments in photoionization and photodetachment studies of atoms; molecules, transient species, clusters, and liquids.
