Labour Markets in Low-income Countries

Labour Markets in Low-income Countries

Author: David Lam

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9780191919749

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'Labour Markets in Low-Income Countries' addresses some of the most important issues affecting labour markets in low-income countries. It builds heavily on the new research evidence that has been provided by the programme on Growth and Labour Markets in Low-Income Countries (GLM LIC), which was created as a partnership between UK Department for International Development (now part of the Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office) and the German IZA- Institute of Labor Economics in 2011. Across nine chapters dealing with different aspects of labour markets in developing countries, David Lam and Ahmed Elsayed provide lessons about what kinds of labour market programmes and policies can make a difference. Some of these lessons are about the difficulties that many well-intentioned programmes face when they are implemented.


The Evolution of Innovation Networks

The Evolution of Innovation Networks

Author: Tobias Buchmann

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-06-05

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 3658103833

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Tobias Buchmann analyzes innovation network dynamics in the German automotive industry. The study is based on a model for analyzing the complex evolution of innovation networks and the driving mechanisms underlying network evolution derived from theoretical and empirical findings in innovation economics, economic geography and management science. The author uses established social network analysis (SNA) techniques and combines them with recent methodological developments in the analysis of network evolution.


Inflation Expectations

Inflation Expectations

Author: Peter J. N. Sinclair

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2009-12-16

Total Pages: 402

ISBN-13: 1135179778

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Inflation is regarded by the many as a menace that damages business and can only make life worse for households. Keeping it low depends critically on ensuring that firms and workers expect it to be low. So expectations of inflation are a key influence on national economic welfare. This collection pulls together a galaxy of world experts (including Roy Batchelor, Richard Curtin and Staffan Linden) on inflation expectations to debate different aspects of the issues involved. The main focus of the volume is on likely inflation developments. A number of factors have led practitioners and academic observers of monetary policy to place increasing emphasis recently on inflation expectations. One is the spread of inflation targeting, invented in New Zealand over 15 years ago, but now encompassing many important economies including Brazil, Canada, Israel and Great Britain. Even more significantly, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Japan and the United States Federal Bank are the leading members of another group of monetary institutions all considering or implementing moves in the same direction. A second is the large reduction in actual inflation that has been observed in most countries over the past decade or so. These considerations underscore the critical – and largely underrecognized - importance of inflation expectations. They emphasize the importance of the issues, and the great need for a volume that offers a clear, systematic treatment of them. This book, under the steely editorship of Peter Sinclair, should prove very important for policy makers and monetary economists alike.


The Economics of Artificial Intelligence

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence

Author: Ajay Agrawal

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2024-03-05

Total Pages: 172

ISBN-13: 0226833127

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A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.


Policy Uncertainty in Japan

Policy Uncertainty in Japan

Author: Ms.Elif C Arbatli

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2017-05-30

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13: 1484302362

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We develop new economic policy uncertainty (EPU) indices for Japan from January 1987 onwards building on the approach of Baker, Bloom and Davis (2016). Each index reflects the frequency of newspaper articles that contain certain terms pertaining to the economy, policy matters and uncertainty. Our overall EPU index co-varies positively with implied volatilities for Japanese equities, exchange rates and interest rates and with a survey-based measure of political uncertainty. The EPU index rises around contested national elections and major leadership transitions in Japan, during the Asian Financial Crisis and in reaction to the Lehman Brothers failure, U.S. debt downgrade in 2011, Brexit referendum, and Japan’s recent decision to defer a consumption tax hike. Our uncertainty indices for fiscal, monetary, trade and exchange rate policy co-vary positively but also display distinct dynamics. VAR models imply that upward EPU innovations foreshadow deteriorations in Japan’s macroeconomic performance, as reflected by impulse response functions for investment, employment and output. Our study adds to evidence that credible policy plans and strong policy frameworks can favorably influence macroeconomic performance by, in part, reducing policy uncertainty.


Archival and Secondary Data

Archival and Secondary Data

Author: Tarani Chandola

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2022-03-01

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 1529710979

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Data archives provide rich and expansive sources of information for researchers. This book highlights the utility of secondary data analyses whilst showing you how to select the right datasets for your study, and in turn get the most out of your research. Topics include: · Generating your research question · Selecting appropriate datasets and variables · Examining univariate, bivariate and multivariate associations · Visualisng your data with tables and graphs Part of The SAGE Quantitative Research Kit, this book boosts students with know-how and confidence, to help them succeed on their quantitative research journey.


Innovation and Public Policy

Innovation and Public Policy

Author: Austan Goolsbee

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2022-03-25

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 022680545X

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A calculation of the social returns to innovation /Benjamin F. Jones and Lawrence H. Summers --Innovation and human capital policy /John Van Reenen --Immigration policy levers for US innovation and start-ups /Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr --Scientific grant funding /Pierre Azoulay and Danielle Li --Tax policy for innovation /Bronwyn H. Hall --Taxation and innovation: what do we know? /Ufuk Akcigit and Stefanie Stantcheva --Government incentives for entrepreneurship /Josh Lerner.


The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth

The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth

Author: Michael J Andrews

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2022-03-17

Total Pages: 633

ISBN-13: 022681078X

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"Innovation and entrepreneurship are ubiquitous today, both as fields of study and as starting points for conversations among experts in government and economic development. But while these areas on continue to attract public and private investments, many measurements of their resulting economic growth-including productivity growth and business dynamism-have remained modest. Why this difference? Because not all business sectors are the same, and the transformative gains of some industries have been offset by stagnation or contraction in others. Accordingly, a nuanced understanding of the economy requires a nuanced understanding of where innovation and entrepreneurship occur and where they matter. Answering these questions allows for strategic public investment and the infrastructure for economic growth.The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, the latest entry in the NBER conference series, seeks to codify these answers. The editors leverage industry studies to identify specific examples of productivity improvements enabled by innovation and entrepreneurship, including those from new production technologies, increased competition, new organizational forms, and other means. Taken together, the volume illuminates whether the contribution of innovation and entrepreneurship to economic growth is likely to be concentrated, be it selected sectors or more broadly"--


Advancing Development

Advancing Development

Author: G. Mavrotas

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-01-05

Total Pages: 830

ISBN-13: 0230801463

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This book reflects on current thinking in development economics and on what may happen over the next two decades. As well as studying development economics in retrospect, the volume explores the current debates and challenges and looks forward at the problems that affect the global capacity to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.