Differential Geometry, Lie Groups and Symmetric Spaces over General Base Fields and Rings
Differential Geometry, Lie Groups and Symmetric Spaces over General Base Fields and Rings

Author: Wolfgang Bertram

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 0821840916

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The aim of this work is to lay the foundations of differential geometry and Lie theory over the general class of topological base fields and -rings for which a differential calculus has been developed, without any restriction on the dimension or on the characteristic. Two basic features distinguish the author's approach from the classical real (finite or infinite dimensional) theory, namely the interpretation of tangent- and jet functors as functors of scalar extensions and the introduction of multilinear bundles and multilinear connections which generalize the concept of vector bundles and linear connections.

Random Sets and Invariants for (Type II) Continuous Tensor Product Systems of Hilbert Spaces
Random Sets and Invariants for (Type II) Continuous Tensor Product Systems of Hilbert Spaces

Author: Volkmar Liebscher

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-04-10

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13: 0821843184

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In a series of papers Tsirelson constructed from measure types of random sets or (generalised) random processes a new range of examples for continuous tensor product systems of Hilbert spaces introduced by Arveson for classifying $E_0$-semigroups upto cocycle conjugacy. This paper starts from establishing the converse. So the author connects each continuous tensor product system of Hilbert spaces with measure types of distributions of random (closed) sets in $[0,1]$ or $\mathbb R_+$. These measure types are stationary and factorise over disjoint intervals. In a special case of this construction, the corresponding measure type is an invariant of the product system. This shows, completing in a more systematic way the Tsirelson examples, that the classification scheme for product systems into types $\mathrm{I}_n$, $\mathrm{II}_n$ and $\mathrm{III}$ is not complete. Moreover, based on a detailed study of this kind of measure types, the author constructs for each stationary factorising measure type a continuous tensor product system of Hilbert spaces such that this measure type arises as the before mentioned invariant.

The Topological Dynamics of Ellis Actions
The Topological Dynamics of Ellis Actions

Author: Ethan Akin

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13: 0821841882

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An Ellis semigroup is a compact space with a semigroup multiplication which is continuous in only one variable. An Ellis action is an action of an Ellis semigroup on a compact space such that for each point in the space the evaluation map from the semigroup to the space is continuous. At first the weak linkage between the topology and the algebra discourages expectations that such structures will have much utility. However, Ellis has demonstrated that these actions arise naturallyfrom classical topological actions of locally compact groups on compact spaces and provide a useful tool for the study of such actions. In fact, via the apparatus of the enveloping semigroup the classical theory of topological dynamics is subsumed by the theory of Ellis actions. The authors'exposition describes and extends Ellis' theory and demonstrates its usefulness by unifying many recently introduced concepts related to proximality and distality. Moreover, this approach leads to several results which are new even in the classical setup.

Generalized Noncrossing Partitions and Combinatorics of Coxeter Groups
Generalized Noncrossing Partitions and Combinatorics of Coxeter Groups

Author: Drew Armstrong

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-10-08

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 0821844903

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This memoir is a refinement of the author's PhD thesis -- written at Cornell University (2006). It is primarily a desription of new research but also includes a substantial amount of background material. At the heart of the memoir the author introduces and studies a poset $NC^{(k)}(W)$ for each finite Coxeter group $W$ and each positive integer $k$. When $k=1$, his definition coincides with the generalized noncrossing partitions introduced by Brady and Watt in $K(\pi, 1)$'s for Artin groups of finite type and Bessis in The dual braid monoid. When $W$ is the symmetric group, the author obtains the poset of classical $k$-divisible noncrossing partitions, first studied by Edelman in Chain enumeration and non-crossing partitions.

Scattering Resonances for Several Small Convex Bodies and the Lax-Phillips Conjecture
Scattering Resonances for Several Small Convex Bodies and the Lax-Phillips Conjecture

Author: Luchezar N. Stoyanov

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 90

ISBN-13: 0821842943

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This work deals with scattering by obstacles which are finite disjoint unions of strictly convex bodies with smooth boundaries in an odd dimensional Euclidean space. The class of obstacles of this type which is considered are contained in a given (large) ball and have some additional properties.

The Dynamics of Modulated Wave Trains
The Dynamics of Modulated Wave Trains

Author: A. Doelman

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13: 0821842935

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The authors investigate the dynamics of weakly-modulated nonlinear wave trains. For reaction-diffusion systems and for the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, they establish rigorously that slowly varying modulations of wave trains are well approximated by solutions to the Burgers equation over the natural time scale. In addition to the validity of the Burgers equation, they show that the viscous shock profiles in the Burgers equation for the wave number can be found as genuine modulated waves in the underlying reaction-diffusion system. In other words, they establish the existence and stability of waves that are time-periodic in appropriately moving coordinate frames which separate regions in physical space that are occupied by wave trains of different, but almost identical, wave number. The speed of these shocks is determined by the Rankine-Hugoniot condition where the flux is given by the nonlinear dispersion relation of the wave trains. The group velocities of the wave trains in a frame moving with the interface are directed toward the interface. Using pulse-interaction theory, the authors also consider similar shock profiles for wave trains with large wave number, that is, for an infinite sequence of widely separated pulses. The results presented here are applied to the FitzHugh-Nagumo equation and to hydrodynamic stability problems.

Yang-Mills Connections on Orientable and Nonorientable Surfaces
Yang-Mills Connections on Orientable and Nonorientable Surfaces

Author: Nan-Kuo Ho

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-10-08

Total Pages: 113

ISBN-13: 0821844911

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In ``The Yang-Mills equations over Riemann surfaces'', Atiyah and Bott studied Yang-Mills functional over a Riemann surface from the point of view of Morse theory. In ``Yang-Mills Connections on Nonorientable Surfaces'', the authors study Yang-Mills functional on the space of connections on a principal $G_{\mathbb{R}}$-bundle over a closed, connected, nonorientable surface, where $G_{\mathbb{R}}$ is any compact connected Lie group. In this monograph, the authors generalize the discussion in ``The Yang-Mills equations over Riemann surfaces'' and ``Yang-Mills Connections on Nonorientable Surfaces''. They obtain explicit descriptions of equivariant Morse stratification of Yang-Mills functional on orientable and nonorientable surfaces for non-unitary classical groups $SO(n)$ and $Sp(n)$.

Multi-Pulse Evolution and Space-Time Chaos in Dissipative Systems
Multi-Pulse Evolution and Space-Time Chaos in Dissipative Systems

Author: Sergey Zelik

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-03-06

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 0821842641

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The authors study semilinear parabolic systems on the full space ${\mathbb R}^n$ that admit a family of exponentially decaying pulse-like steady states obtained via translations. The multi-pulse solutions under consideration look like the sum of infinitely many such pulses which are well separated. They prove a global center-manifold reduction theorem for the temporal evolution of such multi-pulse solutions and show that the dynamics of these solutions can be described by an infinite system of ODEs for the positions of the pulses. As an application of the developed theory, The authors verify the existence of Sinai-Bunimovich space-time chaos in 1D space-time periodically forced Swift-Hohenberg equation.

Index Theory, Eta Forms, and Deligne Cohomology
Index Theory, Eta Forms, and Deligne Cohomology

Author: Ulrich Bunke

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-03-06

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 0821842846

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This paper sets up a language to deal with Dirac operators on manifolds with corners of arbitrary codimension. In particular the author develops a precise theory of boundary reductions. The author introduces the notion of a taming of a Dirac operator as an invertible perturbation by a smoothing operator. Given a Dirac operator on a manifold with boundary faces the author uses the tamings of its boundary reductions in order to turn the operator into a Fredholm operator. Its index is an obstruction against extending the taming from the boundary to the interior. In this way he develops an inductive procedure to associate Fredholm operators to Dirac operators on manifolds with corners and develops the associated obstruction theory.

Abstract" Homomorphisms of Split Kac-Moody Groups"
Abstract

Author: Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2009-03-06

Total Pages: 108

ISBN-13: 0821842587

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This work is devoted to the isomorphism problem for split Kac-Moody groups over arbitrary fields. This problem turns out to be a special case of a more general problem, which consists in determining homomorphisms of isotropic semisimple algebraic groups to Kac-Moody groups, whose image is bounded. Since Kac-Moody groups possess natural actions on twin buildings, and since their bounded subgroups can be characterized by fixed point properties for these actions, the latter is actually a rigidity problem for algebraic group actions on twin buildings. The author establishes some partial rigidity results, which we use to prove an isomorphism theorem for Kac-Moody groups over arbitrary fields of cardinality at least $4$. In particular, he obtains a detailed description of automorphisms of Kac-Moody groups. This provides a complete understanding of the structure of the automorphism group of Kac-Moody groups over ground fields of characteristic $0$. The same arguments allow to treat unitary forms of complex Kac-Moody groups. In particular, the author shows that the Hausdorff topology that these groups carry is an invariant of the abstract group structure. Finally, the author proves the non-existence of cocentral homomorphisms of Kac-Moody groups of indefinite type over infinite fields with finite-dimensional target. This provides a partial solution to the linearity problem for Kac-Moody groups.