This book is intended for those people who have a knowledge or understanding of rubber materials and processes but who wish to update their knowledge. It should be read in conjunction with Developments in Rubber Technology-l as that volume discussed developments in natural rubber and selected special purpose synthetic rubbers as well as additives. The authors have been selected for their expertise in each particular field and we, as editors, would like to express our appreciation to the individual authors and also to their companies. Such a book would be impossible to produce without such active cooperation as we have received. Volumes 1 and 2 of Developments in Rubber Technology cover rubbers which are processed and vulcanised in the traditional manner. It is appreciated that the omission of non-vulcanised rubber materials (the so called thermoplastic elastomers) will be unwelcome to many readers but it is intended, because of the size of the subject, to cover these materials in a subsequent volume. A.W. K.S.L.
This volume, the fourth in a series which began in 1979, covers a greater variety of subjects than any previous single volume. The basis of selection has been topical interest; hence the tailor-making of polymers to develop specific properties, methods of improving com pound processability and the use of rubbers in the oil industry are featured alongside a discussion of safety aspects. We have again sought the cooperation of the foremost authorities on the chosen subjects and have been delighted at the response which has yielded a list of authors of international repute. A. w. K. S. L. CONTENTS Preface v List of Contributors ix 1. Recent Developments in Synthetic Rubbers by Anionic Polymerization 1 I. G. HARGIS, R. A. LIVIGNI and S. L. AGGARWAL 2. Advances in Nitrile Rubber (NBR) 57 P. W. MILNER 3. Epoxidized Natural Rubber. 87 C. S. L. BAKER and I. R. GELLING 4. Process Aids and Plasticizers . 119 B. G. CROWTHER 5. A Review of Elastomers Used for Oilfield Sealing Environments . 159 W. N. K. REVOLTA and G. C. SWEET 6. Using Modern Mill Room Equipment . 193 H. ELLWOOD 7. Quality Requirements and Rubber Mixing . 221 P. S. JOHNSON 8. Health and Safety . . 253 B. G. WILLOUGHBY Index . 307 vii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS s. L. AGGARWAL Gen Corp , Research Division, 2990 Gilchrist Road, Akron, Ohio 44305, USA C. S. L. BAKER Malaysian Rubber Producers' Research Association, Tun Abdul Razak Laboratory, Brickendonbury, Hertford SG13 8NL, UK B. G.
The Science and Technology of Rubber, Third Edition provides a broad survey of elastomers with special emphasis on materials with a rubber-like elasticity. As in the 2nd edition, the emphasis remains on a unified treatment of the material; exploring topics from the chemical aspects such as elastomer synthesis and curing, through recent theoretical developments and characterization of equilibrium and dynamic properties, to the final applications of rubber, including tire engineering and manufacturing. Many advances have been made in polymer and elastomers research over the past ten years since the 2nd edition was published. Updated material stresses the continuous relationship between the ongoing research in synthesis, physics, structure and mechanics of rubber technology and industrial applications. Special attention is paid to recent advances in rubber-like elasticity theory and new processing techniques for elastomers. This new edition is comprised of 20% new material, including a new chapter on environmental issues and tire recycling.
About ten years after the publication of the Second Edition (1973), it became apparent that it was time for an up-date of this book. This was especially true in this case, since the subject matter has traditionally dealt mainly with the structure, properties, and technology of the various elastomers used in industry, and these are bound to undergo significant changes over the period of a decade. In revising the contents of this volume, it was thought best to keep the orig inal format. Hence the first five chapters discuss the same general subject matter as before. The chapters dealing with natural rubber and the synthetic elastomers are up-dated, and an entirely new chapter has been added on the thermoplastic elastomers, which have, of course, grown tremendously in importance. Another innovation is the addition of a new chapter, "Miscellaneous Elastomers," to take care of "old" elastomers, e.g., polysulfides, which have decreased some what in importance, as well as to introduce some of the newly-developed syn thetic rubbers which have not yet reached high production levels. The editor wishes to express his sincere appreciation to all the contributors, without whose close cooperation this task would have been impossible. He would especially like to acknowledge the invaluable assistance of Dr. Howard Stephens in the planning of this book, and for his suggestion of suitable authors.
Rubber is used in a vast number of products, from tyres on vehicles to disposable surgical gloves. Increasingly both manufacturers and legislators are realising that recycling is essential for environmental sustainability and can improve the cost of manufacture. The volume of rubber waste produced globally makes it difficult to manage as accumulated waste rubber, especially in the form of tyres, can pose a significant fire risk. Recycling rubber not only prevents this problem but can produce new materials with desirable properties that virgin rubbers lack. This book presents an up-to-date overview of the fundamental and applied aspects of renewability and recyclability of rubber materials, emphasising existing recycling technologies with significant potential for future applications along with a detailed outline of new technology based processing of rubber to reuse and recycle. This book will be of interest to researchers in both academia and industry as well as postgraduate students working in polymer chemistry, materials processing, materials science and engineering.
This book has its origin in a proposal made a few years ago that I should collaborate with Dr H. J. Stern in the production of a third edition of his well-known text-book entitled Rubber: Natural and Synthetic. The sugges tion was that I should contribute a series of chapters on synthetic rubbers. Although, in the event, it has not proved possible to publish the full book in the form originally planned, it was apparent that, with some restructuring, the material which I had collected would be valuable as an independent summary of the chemistry and technology of synthetic rubbers. It is in this form that the material is now offered. The primary purpose of this book is to provide a brief up-to-date survey of the principal types of synthetic rubber which have been and are currently available. Two classes of material are included which are regarded by some as being thermoplastics rather than rubbers, namely, plasticised polyvinyl chloride and the thermoplastic synthetic rubbers. The topics which are covered for each main family of synthetic rubbers are (i) the sources of the monomers, (ii) polymerisation procedures and the effects of important polymerisation variables upon the rubber produced, (iii) the types of rubber currently available commercially, (iv) interesting aspects of the compounding of the rubbers, with special reference to such matters as vulcanisation, reinforcement, protection against degradation, and (where appropriate) plasticisation, and (v) an indication of applications.
The production of rubber and rubber products is a large and diverse industry. The rubber product manufacturing industry is basically divided into two major sectors: tyre and non-tyre. The tyre sector produces all types of automotive and nonautomotive tyres whereas the non-tyre sector produces high technology and sophisticated products like conveyor belts , rubber seals etc. The wide range of rubber products manufactured by the rubber industry comprises all types of heavy duty earth moving tyres, auto tyres, tubes, automobile parts, footwear, beltings etc. The rubber industry has been growing tremendously over the years. The future of the rubber industry is tied to the global economy. Rapidly growing automotive sector in developing economies and increased demand for high-performance tyres are expected to contribute to the growth of the global industrial rubber market. The current scenario reveals that there is a tremendous scope for the development of rubber processing industries. The global market for industrial rubber products is projected to increase 5.8 % per year. Investment in rubber industry is expected to offer significant opportunities in the near future and realizing returns to investors willing to explore this sector. This book deals with all aspects of rubber processing; mixing, milling, extrusion and molding, reclaiming and manufacturing process of rubber products. The major contents of the book are rubbers materials and processing, mixing technology of rubber, techniques of vulcanization, rubber vulcanization, rubber compounding, rubber reclaiming, manufacture of rubber products, latex and foam rubber, silicone rubber, polybutadiene and polyisoprene, styrene butadiene rubber, rubber natural etc. The book contains addresses of plant & machinery suppliers with their Photographs. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area and others interested in the field of rubber processing technology. TAGS Basic compounding and processing of rubber, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business guidance for rubber processing, Business guidance for rubber compounding, Business guidance to clients, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business plan on Rubber, Business start-up, How is rubber made?, How to Start a Rubber business?, How to Start a Rubber Production Business, How to start a successful Rubber Processing business, How to Start Rubber processing Business, How to Start Rubber Processing Industry in India, Manufacture of Rubber Products, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Rubber Processing Business Ideas, Natural Rubber Processing Line, Natural rubber processing method, Natural Rubber Processing, New small scale ideas in Rubber processing industry, Opportunities in Rubber industries for new business, Processing and Profiting from Rubber, Processing methods for rubber materials, Profitable Rubber Business Ideas Small Scale Manufacturing, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Rubber Manufacturing, Rubber and Rubber Products, Rubber based Industries processing, Rubber Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Rubber business plan, Rubber Chemistry, Rubber compounding, Rubber Compounding & Mixing, Rubber compounding ingredients, Rubber compounding method, Rubber compounding process, Rubber compounding technology, Rubber Extrusion, Rubber Materials, Rubber mixing process, Rubber Mixing, Rubber Principles, Rubber processing, Rubber Processing & Rubber Based Profitable Projects, Rubber Processing and Profiting, Rubber Processing Business, Rubber Processing Industry in India, Rubber processing methods, Rubber Processing Projects, Rubber processing technology, Rubber Products manufacturing, Rubber Products, Rubber Reclaiming, Rubber technology, Rubber Technology and Manufacturing Process of Rubber Products, Rubber Vulcanization, Rubbers: materials and processing technology, Setting up of Rubber Processing Units, Small scale manufacturing business in rubber industry, Small Scale Rubber Processing Projects, Small scale Rubber production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Rubber Processing Business, Startup, Start-up Business Plan for Rubber Processing, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Rubber processing and compounding, Startup project plan, Steps in processing of rubber, Vulcanization of rubber, Vulcanization of rubber compounds, Vulcanized rubber properties, Rubber processing and compounding
