At a time when it is critical to many plastics processors to add value to products, colorants are an essential part of the additives repertoire. Plastics are often processed at very high temperatures and shear, and products are exposed to heat and light. Colorants must tolerate these conditions to function adequately. This Rapra Review Report provides practical information for plastics processors with regard to colorant selection and the range of products and effects available. The review is accompanied by around 400 abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database, to facilitate further reading on this subject.
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) have the elastic behaviour of rubber and the processability of thermoplastics. The Freedonia Group has forecast that demand will expand by 6.4% per year to around 2.15 million tons in 2006. There is potential for these new, exciting materials to expand into the much larger thermoset rubber markets. This review includes comparisons between the two material types. There are three major types of TPE: block copolymers, rubber/plastic blends and dynamically vulcanised rubber/plastic alloys known as thermoplastic vulcanisates. The chemistry of these materials and how.
Additives for Plastics: Volume 1, State of the Art summarizes the state of the art about additives for plastics, including coupling agents for fillers and plasticizers, as well as colorants, silicas, cellulose fiber, whiskers, and microfibers. Stabilizers for weather, fungal, and heat resistance and resistance to ultraviolet radiation are also considered. This volume is comprised of 13 chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to nonreinforcing fillers such as carbon black, wood flour, alpha cellulose, calcium carbonate, and natural and synthetic silicates. The discussion then turns to synthetic and naturally occurring silicas, short cellulose fibers for reinforcing polymers, and asbestiform fillers. Whiskers and microfibers are the subject of the subsequent chapter, with emphasis on their differences and similarities, application in various plastics, and prospects. Silane and nonsilane coupling agents, nonfiller additives, plasticizers, biocides, and heat stabilizers are also examined. This volume also evaluates rutile titanium dioxide and other white pigments with regard to the opacification and coloring of plastics. This book will be of vital interest to those who are closely associated with the plastics industry as well as those who are concerned with the design, fabrication, and use of plastics.
Color Trends and Selection for Product Design: Every Color Sells a Story speaks to the needs of the manufacturing level where colorants are developed, helping manufacturers to understand where their colors will sell and for what period of time these products will be viable. It covers issues such as stability, color measurement, and new methods of incorporation, which are critical in the development of new colorants. The book helps product designers more effectively reach their target audiences by helping them understand more about how colors are chosen for particular markets and how certain colors will perform in designs, including how to evaluate color under different lighting conditions and in, or on, different materials. Knowing how colors will perform in each material and how they will be seen on a store shelf or show room floor is vital. The book gives an important insight into future trends, including new design methods for creating color prototypes and regulatory requirements. The color designer needs to better understand the world of the color formulator, and the formulator conversely needs to understand the needs of the designer, so this book is written for both. - Provides an expert assessment of future trends in color, helping color manufacturers to understand how their customers and brand owners select colors - Covers the critical issues of stability, color measurement, and new methods of incorporation, helping engineers evaluate color performance in different designs, materials, and lighting conditions - Helps readers stay ahead of the competition with discussions of important regulations and trends in 'green' colors and product design
This latest edition of Coloring of Plastics: Fundamentals offers an updated introduction to color as a science while also providing the foundation for many additional technological subjects. The basic families of colorants are described, along with their properties. The material examines how statistical analysis can improve the consistency of colored polymer production runs as well as the colorants used to match the color. Other important topics covered in Coloring of Plastics: Fundamentals, Second Edition include: * Environmental issues and the reuse of discarded material * Potential problems with the interaction between colorants and other additives * Measurement information and matching, visually and instrumentally * Techniques for incorporating colorants into polymers as compounds or concentrates * Special effect colorants Polymer and colorant manufacturers, plastics compounders, and coating and synthetic fiber industries will acquire an enhanced appreciation of the complex technological issues a colorist must consider if a plastics coloring project is to succeed.
Applied Plastics Engineering Handbook: Processing, Materials, and Applications, Second Edition, covers both the polymer basics that are helpful to bring readers quickly up-to-speed if they are not familiar with a particular area of plastics processing and the recent developments that enable practitioners to discover which options best fit their requirements. New chapters added specifically cover polyamides, polyimides, and polyesters. Hot topics such as 3-D printing and smart plastics are also included, giving plastics engineers the information they need to take these embryonic technologies and deploy them in their own work. With the increasing demands for lightness and fuel economy in the automotive industry (not least due to CAFÉ standards), plastics will soon be used even further in vehicles. A new chapter has been added to cover the technology trends in this area, and the book has been substantially updated to reflect advancements in technology, regulations, and the commercialization of plastics in various areas. Recycling of plastics has been thoroughly revised to reflect ongoing developments in sustainability of plastics. Extrusion processing is constantly progressing, as have the elastomeric materials, fillers, and additives which are available. Throughout the book, the focus is on the engineering aspects of producing and using plastics. The properties of plastics are explained, along with techniques for testing, measuring, enhancing, and analyzing them. Practical introductions to both core topics and new developments make this work equally valuable for newly qualified plastics engineers seeking the practical rules-of-thumb they don't teach you in school and experienced practitioners evaluating new technologies or getting up-to-speed in a new field. - Presents an authoritative source of practical advice for engineers, providing guidance from experts that will lead to cost savings and process improvements - Ideal introduction for both new engineers and experienced practitioners entering a new field or evaluating a new technology - Updated to include the latest technology, including 3D Printing, smart polymers, and thorough coverage of biopolymers and biodegradable plastics
A handbook on polyolefins. This second edition includes new material on the structure, morphology and properties of polyolefin (PO) synthesis. It focuses on synthetic advances, the use of additives, special coverage of PO blends, composites and fibres, and surface treatments. It also addresses the problem of interfacial and superficial phenomena.
Surveying developments in coating polymers and plastics, this book examines proper materials selection, basic processing mechanics, process selection based on cost and coating mechanics, molding, and performance and durability assessments. This text is a reference tailored for busy professionals or students in coatings courses. It highlights techniques for salvaging plastics from used vehicles, including the recycling of automotive plastics, and compares North American and European techniques for coating plastics in the automotive industry.
This book provides a systematic and comprehensive account of the recent developments in the recycling of plastic waste material. It presents state-of-the-art procedures for recycling of plastics from different sources and various characterization methods adopted in analyzing their properties. In addition, it looks into properties, processing, and applications of recycled plastic products as one of the drivers for sustainable recycling plastics especially in developing countries. This book proves a useful reference source for both engineers and researchers working in composite materials science as well as the students attending materials science, physics, chemistry, and engineering courses.
