The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism

The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism

Author: Jeff S. Anderson

Publisher: University Press of America

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 9780761823278

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The period of Early Judaism beginning with the return from the Babylonian Exile in 538 B.C.E. to the destruction of the second temple in 70 C.E. is an enigma to many students of the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. This era has often been overlooked as unimportant or been the victim of strongly confessional overgeneralizations. Christians have often touted the absolute uniqueness of their faith as something that replaced a jaded, outmoded Jewish religion. Jews, on the other hand, have often tended to identify Christianity as something entirely unique, a phenomenon totally unrelated to Judaism. However, the Second Temple period was one of the most prolific and creative in all of Israel's history. It was a time of unparalleled literary and theological diversity that gave rise to the powerful religious movements of Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity. The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism provides a broad overview of the history, constituent communities, and theological innovations of the Second Temple period.


Encyclopaedia Britannica

Encyclopaedia Britannica

Author: Hugh Chisholm

Publisher:

Published: 1910

Total Pages: 1090

ISBN-13:

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This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.


The Second Temple Period Jewish Diaspora

The Second Temple Period Jewish Diaspora

Author: Jeffrey A. Colburn

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Scholars debate the purpose of Israel after the Babylonian exile. Many argue that God’s promise made to Abraham (Gen 12:1-3) was conditional on Israel’s obedience. Their disobedience caused them to be removed from the Promised Land and marked the end of the Abrahamic covenant. There is sufficient biblical evidence to demonstrate that the Assyrian and Babylonian exiles were the result of Israel’s disobedience. God warned the Israelites that the punishment for disobedience was exile (Deut 28), and He continued to warn them through the prophets. However, God used exile for a greater purpose. The thesis of this dissertation is that the purpose of the Second Temple period Jewish diaspora was to prepare the nations for the arrival of Christ. Millions of Jews were dispersed across Babylon and the Mediterranean region, where they formed communities. Instructed to live as a distinct people (Exod 12:5-6) and to be God’s witness to His past and future redemption (Isa 43:10), the diaspora Jews attracted both a negative and positive response from their gentile neighbors. This centripetal approach drew gentiles to the synagogues, where they became God-fearers and proselytes. By the time of Jesus, God-fearers and proselytes attended synagogue and were prepared to receive the message that the promised Messiah had arrived.


Jewish eschatology, early Christian Christology and the Testaments of the twelve Patriarchs

Jewish eschatology, early Christian Christology and the Testaments of the twelve Patriarchs

Author: Marinus de Jonge

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2014-04-03

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 9004266933

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This volume, which appears on the occasion of Marinus de Jonge's retirement as Professor of New Testament at Leiden University, brings together twenty essays which he wrote recently for various periodicals and collective works. A number of articles deal with the expectation of the future in Jewish sources, like Ps. Sol., the Qumran Scrolls and Josephus. Closely connected with these are some essays on the question of how such titles as 'Christ', and 'Son of David' came to be applied to Jesus. Eleven essays delve into various important aspects of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs: eschatology, ethics, paraenesis, but also their use of Jewish source material and their view of the history of God's dealing with man, a view related to that held by Justin and Hippolytus. This book throws light on the Jewish origins of early Christian theology and on its relationship with the Hellenistic culture in which it developed. The book also includes Marinus de Jonge's bibliography.


The Kabbalah Reader

The Kabbalah Reader

Author: Edward Hoffman

Publisher: Shambhala Publications

Published: 2010-04-13

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 0834822474

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This comprehensive and accessible entrée into the world of Kabbalah covers 1,600 years of Jewish mystical thought and features a variety of thinkers—from the renowned to the obscure—unavailable in any other volume. It’s a fresh take on an ancient tradition compiled by Edward Hoffman, a psychologist and respected scholar of Judaism, who reveals how this supposedly esoteric material is relevant to a host of contemporary concerns, such as ethics, emotional health, intuition and creativity, meditation, social relations and leadership, and higher states of consciousness. Contributors include: Moses Chaim Luzzatto, Moses Cordovero, Abraham Abulafia, Maimonides, Nachmanides, The Maharal, Nachman of Breslov, The Baal Shem Tov, The Gaon of Vilna, The Netziv, The Ben Ish Chai, Yehudah Ashlag, Kalonymus Shapira, Baba Sali, Abraham Joshua Heschel, Menachem Mendel Schneersohn, Adin Steinsaltz, Zalman M. Schachter-Shalomi, Jonathan Sacks, and many others, along with excerpts from the Sefer Yetzirah, Sefer HaBahir, and Sefer HaZohar.


Between Temple and Torah

Between Temple and Torah

Author: Martha Himmelfarb

Publisher: Mohr Siebeck

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9783161510410

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This volume contains articles by Martha Himmelfarb on topics in Second Temple Judaism and the development and reception of Second Temple traditions in late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The section on Priests, Temples, and Torah addresses the themes of its title in texts from the Bible to the Mishnah. Purity in the Dead Sea Scrolls contains articles analyzing the intensification of the biblical purity laws, particularly the laws for genital discharge, in the major legal documents from the Scrolls. In Judaism and Hellenism the author explores the relationship between these two ancient cultures by examining the ancient and modern historiography of the Maccabean Revolt and the role of the Torah in ancient Jewish adaptations of Greek culture. The last two sections of the volume follow texts and traditions of the Second Temple period into late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The articles in Heavenly Ascent consider the relationship between the ascent apocalypses of the Second Temple period and later works involving heavenly ascent, particularly the hekhalot texts. In the final section, The Pseudepigrapha and Medieval Jewish Literature, Himmelfarb investigates evidence for knowledge of works of the Second Temple period by medieval Jews with consideration of the channels by which the works might have reached these later readers.


The Religious World of Jesus

The Religious World of Jesus

Author: Frederick James Murphy

Publisher:

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13:

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This textbook provides a basic introduction to the pivotal era in biblical history known as the Second Temple period (520 B.C.E. to 70 C.E.), the formative milieu of Jesus and the earliest Christians. Designed for maximum convenience for students and teachers, it contains suggestions for primary readings, a bibliography, glossary, full index and chronology.


The History of the Second Temple Period

The History of the Second Temple Period

Author: Paolo Sacchi

Publisher: A&C Black

Published: 2004-12-13

Total Pages: 534

ISBN-13: 0567044505

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This book represents the fruit of a long process of study and reflection, a powerful but subtle synthesis, by one of the most eminent scholars of Second-Temple Judaism. Far from a conventional narrative history, it is organized around themes and seeks to uncover the essence of Hebraic/Jewish religious thinking while confronting the phenomenon of its division into several 'parties' and traditions. Drawing also on recent studies of Christianity as a 'Judaism', Sacchi provides a stimulating perspective on the nature of ancient Oriental and Occidental thought and the intellectual and spiritual heritage of European civilization.