Electroceramics for High Performance Supercapicitors

Electroceramics for High Performance Supercapicitors

Author: Inamuddin

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2023-10-13

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1394167148

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ELECTROCERAMICS FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE SUPERCAPACITORS The book describes the state-of-the-art analyses of high-density supercapacitors. In the near future, high-energy density materials will be required to accommodate the increased demand for gadgets, hybrid cars, and massive electrical energy storage systems. Fuel cells, supercapacitors, and batteries have the highest energy densities, but traditional capacitors have gained attention for intermittent energy harvesting owing to their high energy transfer rate and quick charging/discharging capability. The large amount of electric breakdown strength and modest remnant polarization are keys to the high energy density in dielectric capacitors. Above 100??C or 212??F, polymer dielectric capacitors become unstable and begin to suffer a dielectric breakdown. Hence, dielectric ceramics are the sole viable option for high-temperature applications. This book provides a basic understanding of dielectric-based energy harvesting. After a detailed analysis of the state-of-the-art, it proceeds to explain the specific strategies to enhance energy storage features, including managing the local structure and phases assembly, raising the dielectric width, and enhancing microstructure and electrical uniformity. Also discussed is the need for novel materials with applications in high-density supercapacitors. Audience The book is designed for engineers, industrialists, physicists, scientists, and researchers who work on the applications of high-density supercapacitors.


Nanoscale Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics

Nanoscale Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics

Author: Miguel Alguero

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-03-21

Total Pages: 984

ISBN-13: 1118935705

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This two volume set reviews the key issues in processing and characterization of nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, and provides a comprehensive description of their properties, with an emphasis in differentiating size effects of extrinsic ones like boundary or interface effects. Recently described nanoscale novel phenomena are also addressed. Organized into three parts it addresses key issues in processing (nanostructuring), characterization (of the nanostructured materials) and nanoscale effects. Taking full advantage of the synergies between nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, the text covers materials nanostructured at all levels, from ceramic technologies like ferroelectric nanopowders, bulk nanostructured ceramics and thick films, and magnetoelectric nanocomposites, to thin films, either polycrystalline layer heterostructures or epitaxial systems, and to nanoscale free standing objects with specific geometries, such as nanowires and tubes at different levels of development. This set is developed from the high level European scientific knowledge platform built within the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action on Single and multiphase ferroics and multiferroics with restricted geometries (SIMUFER, ref. MP0904). Chapter contributors have been carefully selected, and have all made major contributions to knowledge of the respective topics, and overall, they are among most respected scientists in the field.


Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films

Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films

Author: Theodor Schneller

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-01-24

Total Pages: 801

ISBN-13: 3211993118

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This is the first text to cover all aspects of solution processed functional oxide thin-films. Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) comprises all solution based thin- film deposition techniques, which involve chemical reactions of precursors during the formation of the oxide films, i. e. sol-gel type routes, metallo-organic decomposition routes, hybrid routes, etc. While the development of sol-gel type processes for optical coatings on glass by silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide dates from the mid-20th century, the first CSD derived electronic oxide thin films, such as lead zirconate titanate, were prepared in the 1980’s. Since then CSD has emerged as a highly flexible and cost-effective technique for the fabrication of a very wide variety of functional oxide thin films. Application areas include, for example, integrated dielectric capacitors, ferroelectric random access memories, pyroelectric infrared detectors, piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems, antireflective coatings, optical filters, conducting-, transparent conducting-, and superconducting layers, luminescent coatings, gas sensors, thin film solid-oxide fuel cells, and photoelectrocatalytic solar cells. In the appendix detailed “cooking recipes” for selected material systems are offered.


Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials

Author: Hideo Hosono

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2006-08-08

Total Pages: 478

ISBN-13: 0080463908

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A research project at the Tokyo Institute of Technology – dedicated to fostering innovation in the field of nanomaterials – was selected as one of the 21st Century COE (Center of Excellence) programs. The achievements of this COE program, which builds on the strong tradition of materials science in the Institute, are summarized within this book. Nanomaterials: Research Towards Applications is divided into four main parts: - Revolutionary Oxides - State-of-the-Art Polymers - Nanostructure Design for New Functions - Nanostructure Architecture for Engineering Applications - Each section consists of three or four chapters related to inorganic, organic and metallic nanomaterials


Thin Films and Coatings

Thin Films and Coatings

Author: B. M. Caruta

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 9781594545177

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The broad field of thin film technology is based first of all on the film growth processes in general. The concepts of crystal structure and defects in crystalline thin films such as grain boundaries, dislocations and vacancies are examined. The general nature of film growth from atoms equilibrating with the service, through the initial stages of growth to film coalescence and zone models is also within the scope of this book as are evaporation, sputter deposition and chemical vapour deposition. Thin films are widely used in microelectronics, chemistry and a wide array of related fields. This book offers new research in this exploding field.


Ferroelectrics

Ferroelectrics

Author: Mickaël Lallart

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2011-08-23

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 9533074566

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Ferroelectric materials have been and still are widely used in many applications, that have moved from sonar towards breakthrough technologies such as memories or optical devices. This book is a part of a four volume collection (covering material aspects, physical effects, characterization and modeling, and applications) and focuses on the application of ferroelectric devices to innovative systems. In particular, the use of these materials as varying capacitors, gyroscope, acoustics sensors and actuators, microgenerators and memory devices will be exposed, providing an up-to-date review of recent scientific findings and recent advances in the field of ferroelectric devices.


In Situ Real-Time Characterization of Thin Films

In Situ Real-Time Characterization of Thin Films

Author: Orlando Auciello

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 9780471241416

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An in-depth look at the state of the art of in situ real-time monitoring and analysis of thin films With thin film deposition becoming increasingly critical in the production of advanced electronic and optical devices, scientists and engineers working in this area are looking for in situ, real-time, structure-specific analytical tools for characterizing phenomena occurring at surfaces and interfaces during thin film growth. This volume brings together contributed chapters from experts in the field, covering proven methods for in situ real-time analysis of technologically important materials such as multicomponent oxides in different environments. Background information and extensive references to the current literature are also provided. Readers will gain a thorough understanding of the growth processes and become acquainted with both emerging and more established methods that can be adapted for in situ characterization. Methods and their most useful applications include: * Low-energy time-of-flight ion scattering and direct recoil spectroscopy (TOF-ISRAS) for studying multicomponent oxide film growth processes * Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) for determining the nature of chemical reactions at film surfaces * Spectrometric ellipsometry (SE) for use in the analysis of semiconductors and other multicomponent materials * Reflectance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy for monitoring epitaxial growth processes * X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for studying surface and interface structures * And other cost-effective techniques for industrial application


Synthesis and Characterization of Ferroelectrics

Synthesis and Characterization of Ferroelectrics

Author: Jan Dec

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2021-01-21

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 3039436554

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The Special Issue on “Synthesis and Characterization of Ferroelectrics” reports on several physical properties of ferroelectric materials and their technological aspects. Different substitution mechanisms provide ideas toward future improvement of lead-free (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 piezoelectric ceramics, including the electrocaloric effect, fluorescence, and energy storage. It is established that axial and radial element segregation differently influences electrical properties of 0.68Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.32PbTiO3 (PMN-32PT for short) single crystals. While the electrical properties along the axial direction strongly depend on the PbTiO3 content, the electrical properties along the axial direction are mainly determined by the ratio of Nb and Mg. On the other hand, Fe-substitution of PMN-32PT crystals lead to an enhancement of the coercive field due to wall pinning induced by charged defect dipoles. It is also found, that capacitors based on Pt/Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 thin films display good fatigue resistance and retention. Another lead-free thin film capacitor fabricated from Ba0.3Sr0.7Zr0.18Ti0.82 features a low leakage current density and high breakdown strength. Such capacitors are essential for energy storage. Furthermore, an enhanced electrocaloric effect on 0.73Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.27PbTiO3 single crystals is demonstrated. This effect is promising for novel solid-state cooling systems.


Nanoscale Ferroelectric-Multiferroic Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications

Nanoscale Ferroelectric-Multiferroic Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications

Author: Hideo Kimura

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2019-02-22

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 0128145005

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Nanoscale Ferroelectric-Multiferroic Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications presents the latest information in the emerging field of multiferroic materials research, exploring applications in energy conversion and harvesting at the nanoscale. The book covers crystal and microstructure, ferroelectric, piezoelectric and multiferroic physical properties, along with their characterization. Special attention is given to the design and tailoring of ferroelectric, magnetic and multiferroic materials and their interaction among ferroics. The fundamentals of energy conversion are incorporated, along with the requirements of materials for this process. Finally, a range of applications is presented, demonstrating the progression from fundamentals to applied science. This essential resource describes the link between the basic physical properties of these materials and their applications in the field of energy harvest. It will be a useful resource for graduate students, early career researchers, academics and industry professionals working in areas related to energy conversion. - Bridges the gap between the fundamentals and applications of ferroelectric and multiferroic materials for energy harvesting - Demonstrates how a range of nanomaterials play an important role in the creation of efficient energy harvesting systems - Provides new solutions for the fabrication of electronic devices for various applications


CVD XV

CVD XV

Author: Mark Donald Allendorf

Publisher: The Electrochemical Society

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 826

ISBN-13: 9781566772785

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