Death: Beyond Whole-Brain Criteria
Death: Beyond Whole-Brain Criteria

Author: Richard M. Zaner

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13: 940092707X

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From the tone of the report by the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Re search, one might conclude that the whole-brain-oriented definition of death is now firmly established as an enduring element of public policy. In that report, Defining Death: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Determination of Death, the President's Commission forwarded a uni form determination of death act, which laid heavy accent on the signifi cance of the brain stem in determining whether an individual is alive or dead: An individual who has sustained either (1) irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, or (2) irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem, is dead. A determination of death must be made in accordance with accepted medical standards ([1], p. 2). The plausibility of these criteria is undermined as soon as one confronts the question of the level of treatment that ought to be provided to human bodies that have permanently lost consciousness but whose brain stems are still functioning.

Beyond Brain Death
Beyond Brain Death

Author: M. Potts

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-04-11

Total Pages: 408

ISBN-13: 0306468824

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Beyond Brain Death offers a provocative challenge to one of the most widely accepted conclusions of contemporary bioethics: the position that brain death marks the death of the human person. Eleven chapters by physicians, philosophers, and theologians present the case against brain-based criteria for human death. Each author believes that this position calls into question the moral acceptability of the transplantation of unpaired vital organs from brain-dead patients who have continuing function of the circulatory system. One strength of the book is its international approach to the question: contributors are from the United States, the United Kingdom, Liechtenstein, and Japan. This book will appeal to a wide audience, including physicians and other health care professionals, philosophers, theologians, medical sociologists, and social workers.

Defining Death
Defining Death

Author: Robert M. Veatch

Publisher: Georgetown University Press

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 1626163553

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New technologies and medical treatments have complicated questions such as how to determine the moment when someone has died. The result is a failure to establish consensus on the definition of death and the criteria by which the moment of death is determined. This creates confusion and disagreement not only among medical, legal, and insurance professionals but also within families faced with difficult decisions concerning their loved ones. Distinguished bioethicists Robert M. Veatch and Lainie F. Ross argue that the definition of death is not a scientific question but a social one rooted in religious, philosophical, and social beliefs. Drawing on history and recent court cases, the authors detail three potential definitions of death -- the whole-brain concept; the circulatory, or somatic, concept; and the higher-brain concept. Because no one definition of death commands majority support, it creates a major public policy problem. The authors cede that society needs a default definition to proceed in certain cases, like those involving organ transplantation. But they also argue the decision-making process must give individuals the space to choose among plausible definitions of death according to personal beliefs. Taken in part from the authors' latest edition of their groundbreaking work on transplantation ethics, Defining Death is an indispensable guide for professionals in medicine, law, insurance, public policy, theology, and philosophy as well as lay people trying to decide when they want to be treated as dead.

The Definition of Death
The Definition of Death

Author: Stuart J. Youngner

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2002-10-15

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 9780801872297

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In the 1980s, following the recommendation of a presidential commission, all fifty states replaced previous cardiopulmonary definitions of death with one that also included total and irreversible cessation of brain function. The Definition of Death: Contemporary Controversies is the first comprehensive review of the clinical, philosophical, and public policy implications of our effort to redefine the change in status from living person to corpse. Edited by Stuart J. Youngner, Robert M. Arnold, and Renie Schapiro, the book is the result of a collaboration among internationally recognized scholars from the fields of medicine, philosophy, social science, law, and religious studies. Throughout, the contributors struggle to reconcile inconsistencies and gaps in our traditional understanding of death and to respond to the public's concern that, in the determination of death under current policies, patients' interests may be compromised by the demand for organ retrieval. Their questions about the philosophical and scientific bases for determining death lead, inevitably, to more profound questions of social policy. Acknowledging that the definition of death is as much a social construct as a scientific one, the authors, in their analysis of these issues, provide a comprehensive and provocative source of information for students and scholars alike.

Death
Death

Author: Richard M Zaner

Publisher:

Published: 1988-05-31

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 9789400927087

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Defining Death
Defining Death

Author: United States. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Publisher:

Published: 1981

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13:

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President's Commission for the study of ethical problems in medicine and biomedical and behavioral research.

Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care
Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care

Author: Basil F. Matta

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-10-13

Total Pages: 535

ISBN-13: 1139499858

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Core Topics in Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care is an authoritative and practical clinical text that offers clear diagnostic and management guidance for a wide range of neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care problems. With coverage of every aspect of the discipline by outstanding world experts, this should be the first book to which practitioners turn for easily accessible and definitive advice. Initial sections cover relevant anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, intraoperative and critical care monitoring and neuroimaging. These are followed by detailed sections covering all aspects of neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care in both adult and pediatric patients. The final chapter discusses ethical and legal issues. Each chapter delivers a state-of-the art review of clinical practice, including outcome data when available. Enhanced throughout with numerous clinical photographs and line drawings, this practical and accessible text is key reading for trainee and consultant anesthetists and critical care specialists.

Brain Death
Brain Death

Author: Eelco F. M. Wijdicks

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780190662493

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Brain Death, Third Edition introduces new research in the intensive care unit, newly unearthed historical data on important US-UK differences, a thorough discussion of US guidelines and how it is used in hospital practices, and compares guidelines used elsewhere in the world. In this incisive work, the many complexities of diagnosis and management of brain death are examined but it also illuminates cultural beliefs and bioethical problems, highlights the nature ofconferences with family members, and captures several organ procurement issues. The book also includes 30 commonly asked practice problems to resolve diagnostic uncertainties and conflicts along with 12 video clips to assist in neurological evaluation.

Remembering and Disremembering the Dead
Remembering and Disremembering the Dead

Author: Floris Tomasini

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-08-01

Total Pages: 106

ISBN-13: 1137538287

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 licence. This book is a multidisciplinary work that investigates the notion of posthumous harm over time. The question what is and when is death, affects how we understand the possibility of posthumous harm and redemption. Whilst it is impossible to hurt the dead, it is possible to harm the wishes, beliefs and memories of persons that once lived. In this way, this book highlights the vulnerability of the dead, and makes connections to a historical oeuvre, to add critical value to similar concepts in history that are overlooked by most philosophers. There is a long historical view of case studies that illustrate the conceptual character of posthumous punishment; that is, dissection and gibbetting of the criminal corpse after the Murder Act (1752), and those shot at dawn during the First World War. A long historical view is also taken of posthumous harm; that is, body-snatching in the late Georgian period, and organ-snatching at Alder Hey in the 1990s.

Brain Death and Disorders of Consciousness
Brain Death and Disorders of Consciousness

Author: Calixto Machado

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2004-03-31

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 9780306484827

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Although some decades have passed, there are still worldwide controversies about a concept of human death on neurological grounds. There are also disagreements on the diagnostic criteria for brain death, whether clinical alone or clinical plus ancillary tests. Moreover, some scholars who were strong defenders of a brain-based standard of death are now favoring a circulatory-respiratory standard. The study of coma is extremely important because lesions of the brain are responsible for quality of life in patients or cause of death. The main goal of Brain Death and Disorders of Consciousness is to provide a suitable scientific platform to discuss all topics related to human death and coma.