Symmetry and Physical Properties of Crystals

Symmetry and Physical Properties of Crystals

Author: Cécile Malgrange

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-12-04

Total Pages: 536

ISBN-13: 9401789932

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Crystals are everywhere, from natural crystals (minerals) through the semiconductors and magnetic materials in electronic devices and computers or piezoelectric resonators at the heart of our quartz watches to electro-optical devices. Understanding them in depth is essential both for pure research and for their applications. This book provides a clear, thorough presentation of their symmetry, both at the microscopic space-group level and the macroscopic point-group level. The implications of the symmetry of crystals for their physical properties are then presented, together with their mathematical description in terms of tensors. The conditions on the symmetry of a crystal for a given property to exist then become clear, as does the symmetry of the property. The geometrical representation of tensor quantities or properties is presented, and its use in determining important relationships emphasized. An original feature of this book is that most chapters include exercises with complete solutions. This allows readers to test and improve their understanding of the material. The intended readership includes undergraduate and graduate students in materials science and materials-related aspects of electrical and optical engineering; researchers involved in the investigation of the physical properties of crystals and the design of applications based on crystal properties such as piezoelectricity, electro-optics, optical activity and all those involved in the characterization of the structural properties of materials.


Symmetry, Group Theory, and the Physical Properties of Crystals

Symmetry, Group Theory, and the Physical Properties of Crystals

Author: Richard C Powell

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2010-12-01

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 1441975985

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Complete with reference tables and sample problems, this volume serves as a textbook or reference for solid-state physics and chemistry, materials science, and engineering. Chapters illustrate symmetry, and its role in determining solid properties, as well as a demonstration of group theory.


Physical Properties of Crystals

Physical Properties of Crystals

Author: J. F. Nye

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 9780198511656

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First published in 1957, this classic study has been reissued in a paperback version that includes an additional chapter bringing the material up to date. The author formulates the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them. The mathematical groundwork is laid in a discussion of tensors of the first and second ranks. Tensors of higher ranks and matrix methods are then introduced as natural developments of the theory. A similar pattern is followed in discussing thermodynamic and optical aspects.


Properties of Materials

Properties of Materials

Author: Robert E. Newnham

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 0198520751

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Crystals are sometimes called 'Flowers of the Mineral Kingdom'. In addition to their great beauty, crystals and other textured materials are enormously useful in electronics, optics, acoustics and many other engineering applications. This richly illustrated text describes the underlying principles of crystal physics and chemistry, covering a wide range of topics and illustrating numerous applications in many fields of engineering using the most important materials today. Tensors, matrices, symmetry and structure-property relationships form the main subjects of the book. While tensors and matrices provide the mathematical framework for understanding anisotropy, on which the physical and chemical properties of crystals and textured materials often depend, atomistic arguments are also needed to quantify the property coefficients in various directions. The atomistic arguments are partly based on symmetry and partly on the basic physics and chemistry of materials. After introducing the point groups appropriate for single crystals, textured materials and ordered magnetic structures, the directional properties of many different materials are described: linear and nonlinear elasticity, piezoelectricity and electrostriction, magnetic phenomena, diffusion and other transport properties, and both primary and secondary ferroic behavior. With crystal optics (its roots in classical mineralogy) having become an important component of the information age, nonlinear optics is described along with the piexo-optics, magneto-optics, and analogous linear and nonlinear acoustic wave phenomena. Enantiomorphism, optical activity, and chemical anisotropy are discussed in the final chapters of the book.


Physical Properties of Crystals

Physical Properties of Crystals

Author: Siegfried Haussühl

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-07-11

Total Pages: 453

ISBN-13: 3527621164

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Modern semiconductor and laser techniques would be unthinkable today without a highly developed physics of solids. As tailored materials increasingly gain significance, it is more important than ever to understand the basics of crystalline materials and the influence of their symmetry on phenomenological aspects. This first international edition of a classic German standard integrates the latest developments in the field, including two-dimensional crystals and Giant Magneto-Resistance. Its aim is to impart the knowledge necessary to comprehend the manifold peculiarities of crystalline substances in a comprehensive and easily accessible manner. The book devotes much space to a coherent introduction to tensor calculation, making this the first to address the topic in a readily understandable way. Supplemented by 40 exercises with their solutions, this is an ideal textbook for students of physics and chemistry, solid state physicists and chemists, and materials scientists, but also a comprehensive resource for those who wish to get an overview of this important topic.


Tensor Properties of Crystals, Second Edition

Tensor Properties of Crystals, Second Edition

Author: D Lovett

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-01-01

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 9780750306256

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The use of single crystals for scientific and technological applications is now widespread in solid-state physics, optics, electronics, materials science, and geophysics. An understanding of the variation of physical properties with crystalline direction is essential to maximize the performance of solid-state devices. Written from a physical viewpoint and avoiding advanced mathematics, Tensor Properties of Crystals provides a concise introduction to the tensor properties of crystals at a level suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. While retaining the successful basic format of the well-known first edition, this second edition brings the material up to date with the latest developments in nonlinear optics and modulated structures. Because of the increasing importance of nonlinear optics, a new chapter on optoelectronics has been added. This edition also includes a short discussion on incommensurate modulated structures in the final chapter because they are relevant to high temperature superconductors and to ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. The book extensively contains diagrams, worked examples, and problems with answers throughout.


Piezoelectric and Acoustic Materials for Transducer Applications

Piezoelectric and Acoustic Materials for Transducer Applications

Author: Ahmad Safari

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-09-11

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0387765409

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The book discusses the underlying physical principles of piezoelectric materials, important properties of ferroelectric/piezoelectric materials used in today’s transducer technology, and the principles used in transducer design. It provides examples of a wide range of applications of such materials along with the appertaining rationales. With contributions from distinguished researchers, this is a comprehensive reference on all the pertinent aspects of piezoelectric materials.


Quasicrystals

Quasicrystals

Author: Hans-Rainer Trebin

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2003-07-07

Total Pages: 680

ISBN-13: 9783527403998

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A comprehensive and up-to-date review, covering the broad range of this outstanding class of materials among intermetallic alloys. Starting with metallurgy and characterization, the authors continue on to structure and mathematical modeling. They use this basis to move on to dealing with electronic, magnetic, thermal, dynamic and mechanical properties, before finally providing an insight into surfaces and thin films. The authors belong to a research program on quasicrystals, sponsored by the German Research Society and managed by Hans-Rainer Trebin, such that most of the latest results are pre.


Bent-Shaped Liquid Crystals

Bent-Shaped Liquid Crystals

Author: Hideo Takezoe

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-07-20

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 1315355418

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Bent-Shaped Liquid Crystals: Structures and Physical Properties provides insight into the latest developments in the research on liquid crystals formed by bent-shaped mesogens. After a historical introduction, the expert authors discuss different kinds of mesophase structures formed by bent-shaped molecules. This book devotes the majority of its pages to physical properties such as polar switching, optics and non-linear optics, and behavior in restricted geometries. However, as chemistry is often highly relevant to the emergence of new phases, particularly with reflection symmetry breaking, it also involves a broad spectrum of interesting chemistry viewpoints.


Symmetry of Crystals and Molecules

Symmetry of Crystals and Molecules

Author: Marcus Frederick Charles Ladd

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 0199670889

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An eminently readable book on the symmetry of crystals and molecules, starting from first principles