Critical Perspectives on White Supremacy and Racism in Canadian Education shows how K-12 schooling continues to produce and maintain white supremacist and colonial logics and questions the alternate future of schooling in Canada. It argues that white supremacy and race in schooling are present in colonial-centered approaches to teacher education, formal and informal exclusion through curriculum development, and persistent failed commitments to racial justice and decolonization. These themes guide the organization of this collection, which is further underpinned by theoretical perspectives, including critical race theory, anti-Blackness theory, abolition, and anticolonial theory. Contributions are drawn from classroom teachers, community educators, and pre-service teacher educators and are powerfully informed by first-hand accounts as well as stories of teachers and teacher candidates. Combining theory with practice, this edited volume will be important reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in social justice education, multicultural education, and Indigenous studies. It will also be beneficial reading for antiracist and Indigenous education researchers, as well as policymakers and practitioners within critical education.
A firsthand account of systemic anti-Black racism in Canadian schools The prevalence of anti-Black racism and its many faces, from racial profiling to police brutality, in North America is indisputable. How do we stop racist ideas and violence if the very foundation of our society is built upon white supremacy? How do we end systemic racism if the majority do not experience it or question its existence? Do our schools instill children with the ideals of equality and tolerance, or do they reinforce differences and teach children of colour that they don't belong? #BlackInSchool is Habiba Cooper Diallo's high school journal, in which she documents, processes, and resists the systemic racism, microaggressions, stereotypes, and outright racism she experienced in Canada's education system. Powerful and eye-opening, Cooper Diallo illustrates how our schools reinforce rather than erode racism: the handcuffing and frisking of students of colour by police at school, one-dimensional, tokenistic curricula of Black people, and the constant barrage of overt racism from students and staff alike. She shows how systemic racism works, how it alienates and seeks to destroys a child's sense of self. She shows how our institutions work to erase the lived experiences of Black youth and tries to erase Black youth themselves. Cooper Diallo's words will resonate with some, but should shock, appall, and animate a great many more into action towards a society that is truly equitable for all.
The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their assumptions about race are challenged, and how these reactions maintain racial inequality. In this “vital, necessary, and beautiful book” (Michael Eric Dyson), antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility and “allows us to understand racism as a practice not restricted to ‘bad people’ (Claudia Rankine). Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.
Racism is a sickness that permeates every aspect of Black life. But if the events of the past few years have taught us anything, it is that America has a hard time talking about issues that create disparity and inequality for Black people. This inequality extends not just into education but also into physical education. Blacks are stereotyped as physically superior and intellectually deficient. They are marginalized in PE just as they are in other aspects of their lives. Through a series of case studies, Critical Race Studies in Physical Education offers deep insights into the issues that Black students face. The text, geared to undergraduate and graduate PETE students and in-service teachers, does the following: Provides culturally aware teaching strategies that affirm the worth of Black students Amplifies the crucial issues that negatively affect Black students Addresses the litany of intentional and covert racist practices directed toward Black youth, thus broadening the book’s value beyond the sharing of teaching strategies The end goal is to elevate the perspectives of Black youths and teachers and to normalize positive experiences for Black students in physical education. To do so, Critical Race Studies in Physical Education provides the following: Eight case studies of situations that expose racism, disparities, and other issues affecting Black students’ well-being, self-worth, and healthy experiences in PE Critical race study discourse that stimulates discussion of relevant issues and enhances learning Reflective activities, resources, lesson considerations, and definitions to help students and in-service teachers use what they have learned through the case studies and discussions Each case study includes discussion and reflection prompts that are meant to lead the way to effective strategies and immediate implementation opportunities. Here is a partial list of the case studies: A white elementary student uses the N-word toward a Black teacher A Black female student endures gendered racism and racial disparities through her swimming experiences A white teacher is oblivious to why her Black students don’t want to be outside in the sunshine or get their hair moist A new PE teacher harbors toxic masculinity, white supremacy, and stereotypes of Black sexuality White student teachers grapple with accepting job offers in an urban area Black students need teachers to engage in anti-racist teaching practices that empower Black youth and aid in their success. For this to happen, teachers need to affirm students and make them feel safe, cared for, listened to, and recognized as worthy. Critical Race Studies in Physical Education will help teachers of all races adopt the teaching practices that create this supportive, empathetic, and nurturing environment—and, in doing so, validate Black students’ self-worth and swing the pendulum back toward a more equitable education in PE.
This engaging edited collection highlights key discussions around educational inequity and related structures and sub-structures. Featuring a diverse array of contributors, Social Justice Education in Canada balances important knowledge, learning practices, and possibilities emanating from and embedded in anti-racist and anti-oppressive education with instructive, grounding examples. The text confronts the idea of social justice as an abstract concept, discussing suggestions for rethinking educational systems and making changes that will benefit the learning lives of all students. With the aim to critically expand the emerging and increasingly active debates in this important area of educational and social development, this volume strives to collectively deepen our understanding and appreciation for critical social justice education. Organized into 14 chapters and featuring an epilogue written by Dr. Edward Shizha, the book critically deals with contemporary topical issues in education, including readings on cultural, racial, religious, Indigenous, language, socio-economic, citizenship, disability/ableism, and immigrant/refugee status realities and their interwoven learning and teaching intersections. This text is an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate students of education across Canada. FEATURES: - Designed to spark discussions and debates, each chapter closes with discussion questions to encourage critical reflection - Contributors move beyond the theoretical with actionable, practical applications for critical social justice that can be utilized by educators and teacher educators - Intersecting topical diversity is at the forefront of this volume, which features contributors from different backgrounds and communities critically engaging with issues pertinent to social justice and equity in education
This volume offers a critical examination of educational policy in Ontario, Canada, and critiques the success of such policies in ensuring diversity and equity of access in teacher hiring. Providing comprehensive coverage of historical marginalization in the Canadian education system, the book explains the rationale and objectives of policies enacted with the aim of ensuring "bias-free", or "colourblind" hiring. Drawing on qualitative data to illustrate how educators’ lived experiences often sit at odds with the inclusivity that such policies claim to achieve, the book presents the "Equity Hiring Toolkit" as a practical framework enabling educational administrators to recognize how unconscious biases and relative positions of power can implicate hiring decisions. This text will benefit researchers, doctoral students, and academics in the fields of teacher education, educational policy, and multicultural education more broadly. Those interested in the school leadership and management, as well as race and ethnic studies will also enjoy this volume.
Identity and Belonging among Chinese Canadian Youth unveils how Chinese immigrant youth struggle as racialized minorities at school, in their family, and through their formative interactions with Canadian mainstream media. Utilizing rich interview data, the author explores how the contemporary forms of racism, multiculturalism, immigration, and transnationalism affect the identity construction of second-generation Chinese immigrant youth in Canada, as well as their negotiation of belonging at social institutions through schools and mainstream media in Canada. The text systematically examines the lived experiences and perceptions of Chinese immigrant youth in relation to race, ethnicity, and class. Uniquely extending Bourdieu’s concept of habitus to race and ethnicity, the author traces issues of racism and “model minority” discourses not only to systemic and institutional origins but also to internalized individual ways of thinking, doing, and being. This book will appeal to academics and scholars tracing racial inequality through the multiplicity of Asian diasporas in Western societies, as well as researchers seeking new understandings of modern-day school and media and with interests in multicultural education, sociology of education, and theories of race and ethnicity.
Hundreds of thousands of African Canadian children demand and deserve quality education that promotes success both within and outside of school. Recognizing that the education these young people receive will shape their lives as citizens, the contributors to this volume provide an important, timely analysis of the educational experiences of African Canadian children and youth. With contributions from leading and emerging scholars, The Education of African Canadian Children critically responds to and comments on the historical, cultural, institutional, and informational contexts and problems of the learning lives of these children. The authors offer a comprehensive history of African Canadians’ encounters with the education system, the current challenges they are facing, and opportunities for more inclusive and democratic educational practices that will better serve this population. Advocating for cultural redemption and learning success for a population that is not being served well by Canadian public education systems, this book will benefit teachers, students, government program managers, policy makers, and educational researchers. The first multi-authored work of its kind, The Education of African Canadian Children opens new debates and possibilities for change for those concerned with education in their communities and their country.
This volume demonstrates the instrumental use of Currere as a methodology to bring about Deracialisation through transformational learning by a white educator in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Offering an honest and vulnerable recognition of privilege and exclusivity, it disrupts deep-seated racial bias and assumptions, unveils racial blind spots, and confronts the discourse that South African "white" educators are, overtly or covertly, perpetuating systemic racism within schools. Based on autoethnographic analyses of the author’s lived educational experiences within the Apartheid regime, it uses the theoretical concepts of Currere to initiate her journey towards Deracialisation and transform her current pedagogical practice. In doing so, the book demonstrates how critical self-examination of underlying beliefs that lead to actions, and how the past – in this case, being born, raised, and educated within the Apartheid era – can influence one’s teaching in ways that harm the educational development of culturally diverse learners. Grappling with how autoethnographical experiences in a specific setting can inform current pedagogy, and be used to bring about professional and personal transformation, this book will be of interest to scholars, postgraduate students, and educational researchers with interests in curriculum theory, race and education, transformative learning, Deracialisation, and autoethnography.
In this collection, Canadian scholars articulate a response to their collective concerns about the impact of global policy on teacher education, provoking a far-reaching dialogue about teacher education in and for our times. The first two decades of the new millennium have witnessed unprecedented appraisal, analysis, and educational policy formulations related to teaching (K–12) across the Western world. In turn, teacher education has been greatly impacted, as governments around the world see the reform and management of teacher education as a key component in restructuring education toward greater economic competitiveness. The result has been an unwarranted and undesirable level of standardization. It is vital to the future of teacher education, and concomitantly public education, that we imagine alternatives to the homogenization of the educational experience that globalizing policies install. What is needed are vocabularies that enable educators and teacher educators to discern and articulate educational purposes beyond capital and which focus on the kinds of educational experiences that can help prepare the young to lead good and worthwhile lives. Using lessons learned from the Canadian context, the authors identify and investigate the importance of initial and continuing professional education that fosters teachers’ intellectual freedom and study; advances an informed and critical appreciation of civic particularity and historical circumstance; and cultivates ethical (i.e., pedagogical) engagement with ideas and histories—teachers’ own and their students—as crucial themes of teacher education globally. This book is published in English - Les chercheurs canadiens qui ont participé à cet ouvrage collectif proposent une réponse à leurs préoccupations collectives qui portent essentiellement sur l’impact de la politique globale sur la formation des enseignants, et ce, afin d’établir un dialogue franc et approfondi sur la formation des enseignants telle que pratiquée à notre époque. Durant les deux premières décennies du nouveau millénaire, le monde occidental a connu une augmentation sans précédent des analyses, des évaluations et des propositions les plus diverses portant sur la politique éducative (du jardin d'enfant à la fin du secondaire). En conséquence, la formation des enseignants a été très fortement impactée dans un contexte global où les gouvernements considèrent la réforme et la gestion de la formation des enseignants comme une composante clef de la restructuration de l’enseignement, et ce, afin que l’enseignement dispensé soit plus compétitif sur le plan économique. Force est de constater que cette approche s’est traduite par un niveau de standardisation indésirable et totalement injustifié. Pour garantir l’avenir de la formation des enseignants et donc de l’éducation publique, il est aujourd’hui fondamental d’imaginer des alternatives à l’homogénéisation de l’expérience éducative, qui résulte des politiques adoptées dans le cadre de la mondialisation. Dans cette perspective, il est nécessaire de fournir aux enseignants et aux éducateurs un vocabulaire et une terminologie spécifiques qui leur permettent de définir et d’articuler leurs objectifs éducatifs, au-delà de la notion réductrice de capital, tout en privilégiant les différents types d’expérience éducative qui préparent les jeunes à mener des vies satisfaisantes et utiles. En s’inspirant des enseignements tirés du contexte canadien, les auteurs de cet ouvrage ont identifié et évalué l’importance d’une éducation professionnelle initiale et qui continue de favorisé l’apprentissage et la liberté intellectuelle des enseignants ; promeut une appréciation critique et informée des spécificités civiques et des circonstances historiques ; et favorise un engagement éthique (et donc pédagogique) qui prend en compte les idées et les antécédents des enseignants et de leurs élèves et les considèrent comme des thèmes cruciaux de la formation globale des enseignants. Ce livre est publié en anglais.
