Kiosk systems with metered private connections for some households appear to be the most promising way to recover costs and meet consumers' cash flow needs (and counter their reluctance to pay in advance for a service they are not sure the government will deliver). Kiosk systems can provide cheaper, better, and more reliable water than water vendors do.
In the light of the need for decisionmakers in developing countries to adopt a systematic and rational approach to water supply planning, this book provides a comprehensive and balanced treatment of water policy analysis and planning in the context of environmentally sustainable development.
Experience of the past decade confirms that the solution to infrastructure problems is not merely to expand capacity by making new investments. Much more systematic changes must be undertaken if service delivery is to attain the standards necessary to improve quality of life and allow economic output to expand more rapidly. This paper identifies several broad areas for reform and recommends a series of actions to attain effective service delivery. (Adapté du résumé de l'auteur).
Headwaters are the source of freshwater resources, the margins of drainage basins, and the first and zero order basins that surround every catchment. The challenge is to define appropriate, self-sustainable, management strategies and structures for these lands which meet the needs of the headwater habitat, including its human inhabitants, and the needs of habitats downstream. The contributors to this book strive to anticipate emerging and future problems; to discover integrated solutions to the problems already caused by land degradation, natural hazards and development processes; and to help develop better land management, environmental protection and landscape regeneration practices and policies. They also address the many challenges that remain: the concern for effective sharing of local experience in science and technology; community participation; the role of education; effectiveness and limits of current technology; the selection of appropriate policies and goals; modes of effective management; and the sustainability of current activities.Sustainable Management of Headwater Resources provides an understanding of current and prior situations and provides scientific analyses of local and regional headwater issues in India and Africa. The authors analyse the current situation through field experiments that provide reliable information on the status of headwater resources in these regions.This book originates from the conference on Sustainable Management of Headwater Resources at the 5th International Conference on Headwaters in Nairobi, Kenya.
Is it appropriate for market analysts to use international agricultural prices as a proxy for domestic prices when domestic prices are unavailable? A firm yes.
