Cornelius van Bynkershoek: His Role in the History of International Law
Cornelius van Bynkershoek: His Role in the History of International Law

Author: Kinji Akashi

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2024-01-15

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 9004635319

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In offering a critical analysis of the writings of Cornelius van Bynkershoek (1673-1743) - the eminent Dutch jurist known traditionally as a `positivist', in the history of international law - this work goes beyond an analysis of the `classics' per se to clarify some basic questions concerning the history of international law, such as the relationship between legal doctrine and state practice and the reconsideration of methodological differences among historical figures like Grotius, Pufendorf, and Vattel. It also covers some fundamental problems of international law generally, such as the meaning of positivism and positive law and the function of reason. The work comprises three main parts: - the construction of Van Bynkershoek's general theory of the law of nations, - an overview and analysis of the contemporary practice relevant to his theories on the laws of neutral commerce, and - the 'genealogy' of Van Bynkershoek's works, namely his relation to Grotius and to his later generations of publicists. Scholars and others interested in the past and future direction of international law as a whole will not want to miss this highly original offering.

Cornelius Van Bynkershoek
Cornelius Van Bynkershoek

Author: Kinji Akashi

Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers

Published: 1998-10-02

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 9789041105998

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In offering a critical analysis of the writings of Cornelius van Bynkershoek (1673-1743) - the eminent Dutch jurist known traditionally as a 'positivist', in the history of international law - this work goes beyond an analysis of the 'classics' per se to clarify some basic questions concerning the history of international law, such as the relationship between legal doctrine and state practice and the reconsideration of methodological differences among historical figures like Grotius, Pufendorf, and Vattel. It also covers some fundamental problems of international law generally, such as the meaning of positivism and positive law and the function of reason. The work comprises three main parts: - the construction of Van Bynkershoek's general theory of the law of nations, - an overview and analysis of the contemporary practice relevant to his theories on the laws of neutral commerce, and - the 'genealogy' of Van Bynkershoek's works, namely his relation to Grotius and to his later generations of publicists. Scholars and others interested in the past and future direction of international law as a whole will not want to miss this highly original offering.

The Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law
The Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law

Author: Bardo Fassbender

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2012-11-01

Total Pages: 1272

ISBN-13: 0191632511

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The Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law provides an authoritative and original overview of the origins, concepts, and core issues of international law. The first comprehensive Handbook on the history of international law, it is a truly unique contribution to the literature of international law and relations. Pursuing both a global and an interdisciplinary approach, the Handbook brings together some sixty eminent scholars of international law, legal history, and global history from all parts of the world. Covering international legal developments from the 15th century until the end of World War II, the Handbook consists of over sixty individual chapters which are arranged in six parts. The book opens with an analysis of the principal actors in the history of international law, namely states, peoples and nations, international organisations and courts, and civil society actors. Part Two is devoted to a number of key themes of the history of international law, such as peace and war, the sovereignty of states, hegemony, religion, and the protection of the individual person. Part Three addresses the history of international law in the different regions of the world (Africa and Arabia, Asia, the Americas and the Caribbean, Europe), as well as 'encounters' between non-European legal cultures (like those of China, Japan, and India) and Europe which had a lasting impact on the body of international law. Part Four examines certain forms of 'interaction or imposition' in international law, such as diplomacy (as an example of interaction) or colonization and domination (as an example of imposition of law). The classical juxtaposition of the civilized and the uncivilized is also critically studied. Part Five is concerned with problems of the method and theory of history writing in international law, for instance the periodisation of international law, or Eurocentrism in the traditional historiography of international law. The Handbook concludes with a Part Six, entitled "People in Portrait", which explores the life and work of twenty prominent scholars and thinkers of international law, ranging from Muhammad al-Shaybani to Sir Hersch Lauterpacht. The Handbook will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of international law. It provides historians with new perspectives on international law, and increases the historical and cultural awareness of scholars of international law. It is the standard reference work for the global history of international law.

International Law for Humankind
International Law for Humankind

Author: Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade

Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers

Published: 2013-06-17

Total Pages: 753

ISBN-13: 9004255079

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This volume is an updated and revised version of the General Course on Public International Law delivered by the Author at The Hague Academy of International Law in 2005. Professor Cançado Trindade, Doctor honoris causa of seven Latin American Universities in distinct countries, was for many years Judge of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and President of that Court for half a decade (1999-2004). He is currently Judge of the International Court of Justice; he is also Member of the Curatorium of The Hague Academy of International Law, as well as of the Institut de Droit International, and of the Brazilian Academy of Juridical Letters.

Neutrality in International Law
Neutrality in International Law

Author: Kentaro Wani

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2017-02-24

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 1351978551

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Neutrality is a legal relationship between a belligerent State and a State not participating in a war, namely a neutral State. The law of neutrality is a body of rules and principles that regulates the legal relations of neutrality. The law of neutrality obliges neutral States to treat all belligerent States impartially and to abstain from providing military and other assistance to belligerents. The law of neutrality is a branch of international law that developed in the nineteenth century, when international law allowed unlimited freedom of sovereign States to resort to war. Thus, there has been much debate as to whether such a branch of law remains valid in modern international law, which generally prohibits war and the use of force by States. While there has been much debate regarding the current status of neutrality in modern international law, there is a general agreement among scholars as to the basic features of the traditional law of neutrality. Wani challenges the conventional understanding of the traditional neutrality by re-examining the historical development of the law of neutrality from the sixteenth century to 1945. The modification of the conventional understanding will provide a fundamentally new framework for discussing the current status of neutrality in modern international law.

The Rights of Strangers
The Rights of Strangers

Author: Georg Cavallar

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-07-05

Total Pages: 499

ISBN-13: 1351540963

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This study investigates the thinking of European authors from Vitoria to Kant about political justice, the global community, and the rights of strangers as one special form of interaction among individuals of divergent societies, political communities, and cultures. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, it covers historical material from a predominantly philosophical perspective, interpreting authors who have tackled problems related to the rights of strangers under the heading of international hospitality. Their analyses of the civitas maxima or the societas humani generis covered the nature of the global commonwealth. Their doctrines of natural law (ius naturae) were supposed to provide what we nowadays call theories of political justice. The focus of the work is on international hospitality as part of the law of nations, on its scope and justification. It follows the political ideas of Francisco de Vitoria and the Second Scholastic in the 16th century, of Alberico Gentili, Hugo Grotius, Samuel Pufendorf, Christian Wolff, Emer de Vattel, Johann Jacob Moser, and Immanuel Kant. It draws attention to the international dimension of political thought in Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, Adam Smith, and others. This is predominantly a study in intellectual history which contextualizes ideas, but also emphasizes their systematic relevance.

Extracting Accountability from Non-State Actors in International Law
Extracting Accountability from Non-State Actors in International Law

Author: Lee James McConnell

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2016-11-10

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 1317220579

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The human rights of communities in many resource-rich, weak governance States are adversely affected, not only by the acts of States and their agents, but also by powerful non-State actors. Contemporary phenomena such as globalisation, privatisation and the proliferation of internal armed conflict have all contributed to the increasing public influence of these entities and the correlative decline in State power. This book responds to the persistent challenges stemming from non-State actors linked to extractive industries. In light of the intersecting roles of multinational enterprises and non-State armed groups in this context, these actors are adopted as the primary analytical vehicles. The operations of these entities highlight the practical flaws of existing accountability regimes and permit an exploration of the theoretical challenges that preclude their direct legal regulation at the international level. Drawing insights from discursive democracy, compliance theories and the Pure Theory of Law, the book establishes a conceptual foundation for the creation of binding international obligations addressing non-State actors. Responding to the recent calls for a binding business and human rights treaty at the UN Human Rights Council, and the growing influence of armed non-State actors, the book makes a timely contribution to debates surrounding the direction of future developments in the field of international human rights law.

The Invention of Custom
The Invention of Custom

Author: Francesca Iurlaro

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-01-22

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 0192897950

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The concept of customary international law, although differently formulated, is already present in early modern European debates on natural law and the law of nations. However, no scholarly monograph has, until now, addressed the relationship between custom and the European natural law and ius gentium tradition. This book tells that neglected story, and offers a solid conceptual framework to contextualize and understand the 'problematic of custom', namely how to identify its normative content. Natural law doctrines, and the different ways in which they help construct human reason, provided custom with such normative content. This normative content consists of a set of fundamental moral values that help identify the status of custom as either a fundamental feature or an original source of ius gentium. This book explores what cultural values and practices facilitated the emergence of custom and rendered it into as a source of the law of nations, and how they did so. Two crucial issues form the core of the book's analysis. Firstly, it qualifies the nature of the interrelation between natural law and ius gentium, explaining why it matters in relation to our understanding of the idea of custom. Second, the book claims that the process of custom formation as a source of law calls into question the role of the authority of history. The interpretation of the past through this approach can thus be described as one of 'invention'.

The Law of Nations and Natural Law 1625–1800
The Law of Nations and Natural Law 1625–1800

Author: Simone Zurbuchen

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-11-26

Total Pages: 347

ISBN-13: 9004384200

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The Law of Nations and Natural Law 1625-1800 offers innovative studies on the development of the law of nations after the Peace of Westphalia. This period was decisive for the origin and constitution of the discipline which eventually emancipated itself from natural law and became modern international law. A specialist on the law of nations in the Swiss context and on its major figure, Emer de Vattel, Simone Zurbuchen prompted scholars to explore the law of nations in various European contexts. The volume studies little known literature related to the law of nations as an academic discipline, offers novel interpretations of classics in the field, and deconstructs ‘myths’ associated with the law of nations in the Enlightenment.

The Nature of Customary Law
The Nature of Customary Law

Author: Amanda Perreau-Saussine

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2007-05-17

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 1139463217

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Some legal rules are not laid down by a legislator but grow instead from informal social practices. In contract law, for example, the customs of merchants are used by courts to interpret the provisions of business contracts; in tort law, customs of best practice are used by courts to define professional responsibility. Nowhere are customary rules of law more prominent than in international law. The customs defining the obligations of each State to other States and, to some extent, to its own citizens, are often treated as legally binding. However, unlike natural law and positive law, customary law has received very little scholarly analysis. To remedy this neglect, a distinguished group of philosophers, historians and lawyers has been assembled to assess the nature and significance of customary law. The book offers fresh insights on this neglected and misunderstood form of law.