Understanding Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life
Understanding Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2004-09-08

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 0309165865

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As the population of older Americans grows, it is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse. Differences in health by racial and ethnic status could be increasingly consequential for health policy and programs. Such differences are not simply a matter of education or ability to pay for health care. For instance, Asian Americans and Hispanics appear to be in better health, on a number of indicators, than White Americans, despite, on average, lower socioeconomic status. The reasons are complex, including possible roles for such factors as selective migration, risk behaviors, exposure to various stressors, patient attitudes, and geographic variation in health care. This volume, produced by a multidisciplinary panel, considers such possible explanations for racial and ethnic health differentials within an integrated framework. It provides a concise summary of available research and lays out a research agenda to address the many uncertainties in current knowledge. It recommends, for instance, looking at health differentials across the life course and deciphering the links between factors presumably producing differentials and biopsychosocial mechanisms that lead to impaired health.

Living While Black
Living While Black

Author: Guilaine Kinouani

Publisher: Beacon Press

Published: 2022-01-25

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 0807054607

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A Guardian “Best Book of 2021” Selection A powerful look at the impacts of anti-Black racism and a practical guide for overcoming racial trauma through radical self-care as a form of resistance Over the past 15 years, radical psychologist Guilaine Kinouani has focused her research, writing, and workshops on how racism affects both physical and mental health. Living While Black gives voice to the diverse, global experiences of Black people, using personal stories, powerful case studies, and eye-opening research to offer expert guidance on how to set boundaries and process micro-aggressions; protect children from racism; handle difficult race-based conversations; navigate the complexities of Black love; and identify and celebrate the wins. Based on her findings, Kinouani has devised tried-and-tested strategies to help protect Black people from the harmful effects of verbal, physical, and structural racism. She empowers Black readers to adopt self-care mechanisms to improve their day-to-day wellness to help them thrive, not just survive, and to find hope and beauty—or even joy—in the face of racial adversity. She also provides a vital resource for allies seeking to better understand the impacts of racism and how they can help. With the rise of far-right ideologies and the increase of racist hate crimes, Living While Black is both timely and instrumental in moving conversations from defining racism for non-Black majorities to focusing on healing and nurturing the mental health of those facing prejudice, discrimination, and the lasting effects of the violence of white supremacy.

Coping with Racial Discrimination
Coping with Racial Discrimination

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 101

ISBN-13:

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Racial discrimination is a likely contributor to disparate health outcomes for African-American and Hispanic-Americans. The current study elaborates on previous research by assessing the impact of three coping variables, substance use, emotional eating, and social support, which may explain the relationship between racial discrimination and poorer perceptions physical functioning and three health maladies, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the coping responses were hypothesized to serve as protective factors against the development of depression and anger symptoms. A total of 424 Hispanic, African-American participants between the ages of 18 and 65 completed an online survey. A six variable model was tested using structural equation modeling. Within this model the roles of the coping variables as response to racial discrimination were assessed in conjunction with their subsequent impact on mental and physical health. Differences between African-American and Hispanic participants in the structural model were found, as well as gender-based differences. Meditated logistic regression methods were applied to test the coping variables as mediators in the relationship between racial discrimination and each health malady. Exposure to racial discrimination was associated with increase anger and depressive symptoms, and poorer perceptions of physical health. Substance use and emotional eating, but not social support partially explained the link between discrimination and physical health, while strengthening the relationship between discrimination and mental health. Racial discrimination predicted increased likelihood of reporting high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, but not diabetes. Emotional eating was the only coping variab

The Cost of Racism for People of Color
The Cost of Racism for People of Color

Author: Alvin N. Alvarez

Publisher: Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic P

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781433820953

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Introduction -- Theoretical and methodological foundations -- A theoretical overview of the impact of racism on people of color / Alex Pieterse and Shantel Powell -- Applying intersectionality theory to research on perceived racism / Jioni A. Lewis and Patrick R. Grzanka -- Improving the measurement of perceived racial discrimination : challenges and opportunities / David R. Williams -- Moderators and mediators of the experience of perceived racism / Alvin Alvarez, Christopher T.H. Liang, Carin Molenaar, and David Nguyen -- Context and costs -- Racism and mental health : examining the link between racism and depression from a social-cognitive perspective / Elizabeth Brondolo, Wan Ng, Kristy-Lee J. Pierre, and Robert Lane -- Racism and behavioral outcomes over the life course / Gilbert C. Gee and Angie Denisse Otiniano Verissimo -- Racism and physical health disparities / Joseph Keaweaimoku Kaholokula -- The impact of racism on education and the educational experiences of students of color / Adrienne D. Dixson, Dominique Clayton, Leah Peoples, and Rema Reynolds -- The costs of racism on workforce entry and work adjustment / Justin C. Perry and Lela L. Pickett -- The impact of racism on communities of color : historical contexts and contemporary issues / Azara L. Santiago Rivera, Hector Y. Adames, Nayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas, and Gregory Benson-Flórez -- Interventions and future directions -- Racial trauma recovery : a race-informed therapeutic approach to racial wounds / Lillian Comas-Díaz -- Critical race, psychology and social policy : refusing damage, cataloguing oppression, and documenting desire / Michelle Fine and William E. Cross -- Educational interventions for reducing racism / Elizabeth Vera, Daniel Camacho, Megan Polanin, and Manuel Salgado -- Toward a relevant psychology of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination : linking science and practice to develop interventions that work in community settings / Ignacio D. Acevedo-Polakovich, Kara L. Beck, Erin Hawks, and Sarah E. Ogdie

Exploring the Longitudinal Effects of Racial Discrimination, Coping, and Racial Socialization on Depression Among African American Emerging Adults
Exploring the Longitudinal Effects of Racial Discrimination, Coping, and Racial Socialization on Depression Among African American Emerging Adults

Author: Aaliyah Churchill

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 41

ISBN-13:

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Experiences of racial discrimination are particularly salient amongst African American youth (García Coll et al., 1996; Williams & Mohammed, 2009; English et. al 2014). Racial discrimination has been associated with poorer psychosocial development, including higher depressive symptoms, lower self-esteem, higher anxiety, etc, (Bank et al., 2006; Gaylord-Harden & Cunningham, 2009; English et al., 2014). Furthermore, literature provides sufficient evidence for the buffering effect of ethnic/racial socialization, in particular cultural socialization, and active coping skills on the mental health of African American youth in the context of perceived racial discrimination (Spencer et al., 1997; Wang & Benner, 2016). The current study aimed to investigate the impact of perceived racial discrimination (PRD) on depression across three years. Furthermore, this study explored the mediating role of active coping and the moderating role of cultural socialization on the the relationship between PRD and depression. These research aims were explored using the theoretical framework PVEST and theory provided by Cynthia García Coll, which consider the ecological factors that influence the development of children of color and the cultural specific coping mechanism that protect their well-being (García Coll et al., 1996; Spencer et al., 1997). The sample consisted of self-reports from 146 African American adolescents from the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study (MADICS; Eccles, 1992). Data was collected across three time points (Wave4, Wave5 and Wave6). In wave 4, participants were in their junior year of high school. Participants were reassessed when they were 1 year out of high school (Wave 5), and again three years after high school (Wave 6). During each time point, participants were assessed on their perceptions of discrimination, depressive symptoms, cultural socialization practices, and problem solving skills. Hierarchical regressions, cross-lagged analyses, and mediation and moderation models were used in the data analyses. Contrary to our hypothesis, only few paths between PRD and Discrimination were significant concurrently and longitudinally. Moreover, we found that active coping did not significantly mediate the relationship between PRD and discrimination over time. Lastly, cultural socialization did not moderate the relationship between this relationship over time.

The Many Costs of Racism
The Many Costs of Racism

Author: Joe R. Feagin, Texas A&M University

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Published: 2005-07-14

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1461608376

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What is it like to be a black person in America today? The voices of middle class African Americans captured in this book will surprise those who think the era of racial discrimination is past. The Many Costs of Racism is a vivid account of the mental, physical health, and economic effects of everyday racism for Black Americans—and of racism's high costs for all Americans. Drawing on well documented studies, it vividly portrays the damage done to individuals, families, and communities by stress from workplace discrimination. It shows the strong connection between discrimination and health problems, describing these as “costs” above and beyond the economic trials of discrimination. The book is an ideal text, accessible to students in sociology, law, psychology, and medicine.

Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life
Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2004-10-16

Total Pages: 753

ISBN-13: 0309092116

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In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.

Soothe Your Nerves
Soothe Your Nerves

Author: Angela Neal-Barnett

Publisher: Simon and Schuster

Published: 2010-06-15

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1451603630

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Do you or someone you love suffer from "bad nerves"? •Denise is constantly on edge. She's convinced something bad is going to happen. •Ruth will drive an hour out of her way to avoid driving over a bridge. When she has to do it, her chest thumps, her heart starts racing, and she breaks out in a sweat. She's beginning to think she shouldn't leave her house. •Bernice hasn't slept in two months for fear that the witch is going to ride her again. What do these women have in common? They are struggling with crippling anxiety disorders. Thousands of Black women suffer from anxiety. What's worse is that many of us have been raised to believe we are Strong Black Women and that seeking help shows weakness. So we often turn to dangerous quick fixes that only exacerbate the problem -- like overeating and drug and alcohol abuse -- or we deny that we have problems at all. In Soothe Your Nerves, Dr. Angela Neal-Barnett explains which factors can contribute to anxiety, panic, and fear in Black women and offers a range of healing methods that will help you or a loved one reclaim your life. Here finally is a blueprint for understanding and overcoming anxiety from a psychological, spiritual, and Black perspective.

Coping with Racial Profiling
Coping with Racial Profiling

Author: Del Sandeen

Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc

Published: 2019-07-15

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 150818741X

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Racial profiling isn't just a problem for one group of people. It's a problem for everyone in America, and the world. The underlying racism that contributes to profiling is a serious issue for people of all colors. This insightful book presents facts and statistics to counter damaging myths, giving readers perspective to understand how racial profiling can happen and what to do about it. Readers will learn how to push back against discrimination, what to do if they ever feel they are a victim of racial profiling, and how to handle the emotional toll that racism causes.