Constraints and Preferences
Constraints and Preferences

Author: Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2011-06-24

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 3110881063

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The central theme of this collection is the epistemological status of constraints and preferences in linguistics. The contributions focus mainly on phonology; one article deals explicitly with morphology. The approaches to phonology represented in the volume are those of Natural Phonology, Government Phonology, Optimality Theory, autosegemental phonology, and computational phonology. Constraints are juxtaposed either to rules or to preferences in the discussion of constraint-based vs. preference-based theories.

A Short Introduction to Preferences
A Short Introduction to Preferences

Author: Francesca Rossi

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 105

ISBN-13: 1608455866

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Computational social choice is an expanding field that merges classical topics like economics and voting theory with more modern topics like artificial intelligence, multiagent systems, and computational complexity. This book provides a concise introduction to the main research lines in this field, covering aspects such as preference modelling, uncertainty reasoning, social choice, stable matching, and computational aspects of preference aggregation and manipulation. The book is centered around the notion of preference reasoning, both in the single-agent and the multi-agent setting. It presents the main approaches to modeling and reasoning with preferences, with particular attention to two popular and powerful formalisms, soft constraints and CP-nets. The authors consider preference elicitation and various forms of uncertainty in soft constraints. They review the most relevant results in voting, with special attention to computational social choice. Finally, the book considers preferences in matching problems. The book is intended for students and researchers who may be interested in an introduction to preference reasoning and multi-agent preference aggregation, and who want to know the basic notions and results in computational social choice. Table of Contents: Introduction / Preference Modeling and Reasoning / Uncertainty in Preference Reasoning / Aggregating Preferences / Stable Marriage Problems

A Short Introduction to Preferences
A Short Introduction to Preferences

Author: Francesca Rossi

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2011-09-09

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 1608455874

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Computational social choice is an expanding field that merges classical topics like economics and voting theory with more modern topics like artificial intelligence, multiagent systems, and computational complexity. This book provides a concise introduction to the main research lines in this field, covering aspects such as preference modelling, uncertainty reasoning, social choice, stable matching, and computational aspects of preference aggregation and manipulation. The book is centered around the notion of preference reasoning, both in the single-agent and the multi-agent setting. It presents the main approaches to modeling and reasoning with preferences, with particular attention to two popular and powerful formalisms, soft constraints and CP-nets. The authors consider preference elicitation and various forms of uncertainty in soft constraints. They review the most relevant results in voting, with special attention to computational social choice. Finally, the book considers preferences in matching problems. The book is intended for students and researchers who may be interested in an introduction to preference reasoning and multi-agent preference aggregation, and who want to know the basic notions and results in computational social choice. Table of Contents: Introduction / Preference Modeling and Reasoning / Uncertainty in Preference Reasoning / Aggregating Preferences / Stable Marriage Problems

A Short Introduction to Preferences
A Short Introduction to Preferences

Author: Francesca Bellet

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-06-01

Total Pages: 90

ISBN-13: 3031015568

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Computational social choice is an expanding field that merges classical topics like economics and voting theory with more modern topics like artificial intelligence, multiagent systems, and computational complexity. This book provides a concise introduction to the main research lines in this field, covering aspects such as preference modelling, uncertainty reasoning, social choice, stable matching, and computational aspects of preference aggregation and manipulation. The book is centered around the notion of preference reasoning, both in the single-agent and the multi-agent setting. It presents the main approaches to modeling and reasoning with preferences, with particular attention to two popular and powerful formalisms, soft constraints and CP-nets. The authors consider preference elicitation and various forms of uncertainty in soft constraints. They review the most relevant results in voting, with special attention to computational social choice. Finally, the book considers preferences in matching problems. The book is intended for students and researchers who may be interested in an introduction to preference reasoning and multi-agent preference aggregation, and who want to know the basic notions and results in computational social choice. Table of Contents: Introduction / Preference Modeling and Reasoning / Uncertainty in Preference Reasoning / Aggregating Preferences / Stable Marriage Problems

Credit Constraints and the Measurement of Time Preferences (preliminary)
Credit Constraints and the Measurement of Time Preferences (preliminary)

Author: Mark Dean

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Incentivized experiments are commonly used to estimate marginal rate of intertemporal substitution (MRS) in the lab and in the field, and to make inferences about subject's time preference. This paper considers the implications of an integrated model of behavior in which individuals are subject to financial shocks and credit constraints and take those into account when making experimental choices. The model shows that measured MRS depends on the individual's effective interest rate and her marginal utility of current and future consumption. Experimental responses should therefore be correlated with other variables that describe the subject's financial situation, like savings, income and consumption shocks. We test the model with a panel data set from Mali and find evidence for such effects. We discuss how our model can be combined with repeated time preference measures to identify time preferences and other household characteristics - including credit constraints and the importance of different types of financial shocks.

Recent Advances in Constraints
Recent Advances in Constraints

Author: Barry O'Sullivan

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2003-08-03

Total Pages: 209

ISBN-13: 3540366075

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Joint ERCIM/CologNet International Workshop on Constraint Solving and Constraint Logic Programming, held in Cork, Ireland in June 2002. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the book during two rounds of reviewing and revision. Among the topics addressed are verification and debugging of constraint logic programs, modeling and solving CSPs, explanation generation, inference and inconsistency processing, SAT and 0/1 encodings of CSPs, soft constraints and constraint relaxation, real-world applications, and distributed constraint solving.

Recent Advances in Constraints
Recent Advances in Constraints

Author: Francisco Azevedo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-08-19

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 3540738177

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed and extended post-proceedings of the 11th Annual ERCIM International Workshop on Constraint Solving and Constraint Logic Programming, CSCLP 2006, held in Caparica, Portugal in June 2006. The papers are organized in topical sections on global constraints, search and heuristics, language and implementation issues, and modeling.

Constraints in Computational Logics
Constraints in Computational Logics

Author: Jean-Pierre Jouannaud

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1994-08-24

Total Pages: 394

ISBN-13: 9783540584032

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This volume constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Constraints in Computational Logics, CCL '94, held in Munich, Germany in September 1994. Besides abstracts or full papers of the 5 invited talks by senior researchers, the book contains revised versions of the 21 accepted research papers selected from a total of 52 submissions. The volume assembles high quality original papers covering major theoretical and practical issues of combining and extending programming paradigms, preferably by using constraints. The topics covered include symbolic constraints, set constraints, numerical constraints, multi-paradigm programming, combined calculi, constraints in rewriting, deduction, symbolic computations, and working systems.