The Legal Title of the Panama Canal
The Legal Title of the Panama Canal

Author: Attorneys-General Of United States

Publisher:

Published: 2003-03-01

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 9780898757026

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The official opinion of the Attorney General of the United States as to the legal title to the Panama Canal. Not only a fascinating piece of legal history, but both the discussion and the many documents reproduced in the appendices provide insights into both the business history of the failed French canal concession, the Panama Railroad, and the political and diplomatic history of the relationships between Colombia, France, and Panama.

Panama Canal Treaty
Panama Canal Treaty

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Separation of Powers

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 508

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Panama Canal: An Army's Enterprise
The Panama Canal: An Army's Enterprise

Author: Jon T. Hoffman

Publisher: Government Printing Office

Published: 2010-11-29

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 9780160867279

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This pamphlet describes the critical role of Army officers who defied the odds and saw this immense project through to completion. They included Col. William C. Gorgas, who supervised the medical effort that saved countless lives and made it possible for the labor force to do its job; Col. George W. Goethals, who oversaw the final design of the canal and its construction and, equally important, motivated his workers to complete the herculean task ahead of schedule; and many other officers who headed up the project’s subordinate construction commands and rebuilt the Panama railroad, a key component of the venture. In just seven years, these soldiers, thousands of fellow Americans, and tens of thousands of workers from around the world turned the dream of an isthmian canal into reality. Their success immediately ranked among the greatest peacetime feats of the Army and the nation, and it remains so to this day.

The Panama Canal Treaty
The Panama Canal Treaty

Author: Robert DeV. Bunn

Publisher: Cambridge Lighthouse Press

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 0976707527

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The study addresses from a governmental perspective the legality of the 1977 Panama Canal Treaty, and related political, economic, and national interest aspects resulting from the transfer of control of the Panama Canal from the United States to Panama under the Treaty. Under the Treaty, the United States turned over to Panama, entirely gratis, $3.4 billion in lands and properties, including strategic military bases. The study concludes that the Panama Canal Treaty is illegal and unenforceable. Under international law, the terms of a treaty must be mutually agreed to by all signatories, but the United States and Panama never agreed to the same Treaty language. The Treaty language as approved by the United States Senate was never agreed to by Panama, and the Treaty has never been signed by the President of Panama, as required by the Constitution of Panama. Also, the Canal was ?property? of the United States, but its transfer was not approved by the House of Representatives, as provided for by Article IV of the United States Constitution. Counterarguments to these conclusions are presented. The Canal is wrapped inextricably with the free world and global strategy, and the United States? ability to utilize the Canal for uninterrupted commerce is essential to its commercial and financial wellbeing. The Canal has been critical to the United States military and commerce in the past, and it will continue to be so. Narco-terrorists are a potential threat to Panama and the Canal. Entire cities within Colombia, which borders Panama, are controlled by drug cartels and Colombia is fighting for its very existence. The Narco-terrorists are infectious and expansionistic and their threat of taking control of the Canal is genuine, and their hostile intentions against democracy and governmental functions are unambiguous.