Women’s Contribution to Science and Technology through ICWES Conferences

Women’s Contribution to Science and Technology through ICWES Conferences

Author: Monique Frize

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2024-01-10

Total Pages: 486

ISBN-13: 3031338006

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This book discusses the legacy of the conference series The International Conferences of Women Engineers and Scientists (ICWES), which spans the second half of the Twentieth Century and the beginning of the twenty-first. The book first discusses how, at a time when there were few women engineers and scientists, a group of women organized a conference, in June 1964 in New York, which attracted 486 women. They presented their scientific achievements and discussed how to attract more women in STEM. This effort was carried out by volunteers, continuing the ICWES conferences over a period of 59 years. The authors discuss the organizers, the hosting societies, the scientific content, the changes in issues over time, and how the continuity has endured. The authors also discuss the importance of global involvement, shown through past conferences in locations such as USA, UK, Italy, Poland, France, India, Ivory Coast, Hungary, Japan, Canada, and Korea. The authors also outline how the efforts were aided by the development of a not for profit Canadian corporation, the International Conference of Women in Sciences and engineering (INWES), which ensures the continuation of the conference series. Claire Deschênes and Monique Frize ensured that the conference database was digitalized and is now available at the Canadian Archive of Women in STEM, University of Ottawa Library, with the hope that researchers will continue to explore this rich database. As an important part of the Women in Science and Engineering book series, the work hopes to inspire women and men, girls and boys to study and work in STEM fields. This book is important historically because it documents a unique adventure created by women in STEM through vision and leadership. Their efforts established modes of networking and sharing their contributions in science, technology, and on gender issues.


The Contribution of Technology to Added Value

The Contribution of Technology to Added Value

Author: António S.C Fernandes

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-02-26

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 1447150015

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There is a wide consensus that introduction of technology to the production process contributes to an overall economic value, however, confusion between technology, knowledge and capital often makes value calculations ambiguous and non-objective. The Contribution of Technology to Added Value addresses not only this issue of definition but also provides a production model to assess the value contribution of technology within the production process. A clarification of fundamental semantics provides a significant taxonomy for technology dependence, and allows understanding and modeling of how knowledge, technology and capital individually contribute to production and to value adding. A new technology dependence taxonomy is proposed and assessed following chapters explaining growth models, the KTC model and technology index values. Balancing theoretical knowledge with real-world data and applications The Contribution of Technology to Added Value clarifies the issue of value adding for a range of different viewpoints and purposes; from academic to industry and service across engineering, economics and management.


National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries - Series no. 7

National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries - Series no. 7

Author: World Intellectual Property Organization

Publisher: WIPO

Published: 2013-08-15

Total Pages: 415

ISBN-13: 9280523821

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The 7th volume of national studies on the economic contribution of the copyright based industries offers economic analysis on the size of the copyright industries in Jordan, Lithuania, Malawi, Tanzania and Trinidad and Tobago. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.


Contribution of Clusters Physics to Materials Science and Technology

Contribution of Clusters Physics to Materials Science and Technology

Author: Joel Davenas

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 649

ISBN-13: 9400943741

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During the last decade there has been an increasing interest in clusters and small particles because of the peculiar proper ties induced by their large area to volume ratio. For that reason small particles are often considered as an intermediate state of matter at the border between atomic (or molecular) chemistry, and physics of the condensed matter. The importance of the surface effect can explain the anomalous properties, for example the exis tence of the five fold symmetry observed in different circumstan ces '(beams of rare gas clusters, gold particles deposited on a substrate). However the question of the critical size at which the transition to bulk properties occurs cannot be simply answered, since the reply depends on the peculiar property which is studied. The importance of the size effect was emphasized in the last International Meetings. However the situation remains confused in most cases since the exact role of the cluster environment cannot be clearly elucidated and is a main difficulty, except in cluster beam experiments. In fact ideally free clusters constitute a labo ratory exception. In most applications small particles must be supported on a surface or embedded in a matrix, in order to be stabilized, which obviously shows the role of the environment.


National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries - Series no. 9

National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries - Series no. 9

Author: World Intellectual Property Organization

Publisher: WIPO

Published: 2016-03-31

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 9280527452

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The 9th volume of national studies on the economic contribution of the copyright- based industries offers economic analysis on the size of the copyright industries in Ethiopia, France and Republic of Moldova. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.


Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design IV

Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design IV

Author: Weiming Shen

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2008-12-18

Total Pages: 688

ISBN-13: 3540927190

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Design of complex artifacts and systems requires the cooperation of multidisciplinary design teams using multiple sophisticated commercial and non-commercial engine- ing tools such as CAD tools, modeling, simulation and optimization software, en- neering databases, and knowledge-based systems. Individuals or individual groups of multidisciplinary design teams usually work in parallel and independently with various engineering tools, which are located on different sites, often for quite a long period of time. At any moment, individual members may be working on different versions of a design or viewing the design from various perspectives, at different levels of details. In order to meet these requirements, it is necessary to have efficient comput- supported collaborative design systems. These systems should not only automate in- vidual tasks, in the manner of traditional computer-aided engineering tools, but also enable individual members to share information, collaborate, and coordinate their activities within the context of a design project. Based on close international collaboration between the University of Technology of Compiègne in France and the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Ac- emy of Sciences in the early 1990s, a series of international workshops on CSCW in Design started in 1996. In order to facilitate the organization of these workshops, an International Working Group on CSCW in Design (CSCWD) was established and an International Steering Committee was formed in 1998. The series was converted to int- national conferences in 2000 building on the success of the four previous workshops.