This collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Topics include the extraction and processing of elements such as antimony, arsenic, gold, indium, palladium, platinum, rare earth metals including yttrium and neodymium, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium. Rare processing techniques are covered, including direct extraction processes for rare-earth recovery, biosorption of precious metals, fluorination behavior of uranium and zirconium mixture of fuel debris treatment, and recovery of valuable components of commodity metals such as zinc, nickel, and metals from slag.
If you are prepared, you will get through disaster far better than those who are not. Following the steps outlined in this guidebook will ensure that you have a Family Emergency Plan in place and that you have purchased and stored necessary supplies to survive the aftermath of a disaster. Most importantly you will know what to do when the earth starts moving. And if you are prepared for an earthquake, you will be prepared for any emergency or disaster that comes your way.
This comprehensive, truly one-stop reference discusses monomers, methods, stereochemistry, industrial applications and more. Chapters written by internationally acclaimed experts in their respective fields cover both basic principles and up-to-date information, ranging from the controlled ring-opening polymerization methods to polymer materials of industrial interest. All main classes of monomers including heterocyclics, cyclic olefins and alkynes, and cycloalkanes, are discussed separately as well as their specificities regarding the ring-opening polymerization techniques, the mechanisms, the degree of control, the properties of the related polymers and their applications. The two last chapters are devoted to the implementation of green chemistry in ring-opening polymerization processes. Of much interest to chemists in academia and industry.
We have always struggled, as human beings. But our struggle today is exacerbated by a gap between the increasingly complicated world we have created and the default ways we think about it. Twenty-first-century challenges are qualitatively different from the ones that generations of our ancestors faced, yet our thinking has not evolved to keep pace. We need to catch up. To make smarter decisions -- as governments, organizations, families and individuals -- we need more sophisticated mental strategies for interpreting and responding to today's complexity. Best-selling author and business leader Ted Cadsby explores the insights of cognitive psychology, anthropology, biology, neuroscience, physics, and philosophy to reveal the gap between how we typically tackle complex problems and what complexity actually requires of us. In an accessible and engaging style, he outlines ways to close the gap -- the strategic mental shifts that increase decision-making effectiveness. The bottom line? We need greater complexity in our thinking to match the increasing complexity in our world, and Cadsby shows us how.
Earth's near-surface mineralogy has diversified over more than 4.5 b.y. from no more than a dozen preplanetary refractory mineral species (what have been referred to as "ur-minerals" by Hazen et al., 2008) to around 5,000 species (based on the list of minerals approved by the International Mineralogical Association; http://rruff.info/ima). This dramatic diversification is a consequence of three principal physical, chemical, and biological processes: element selection and concentration (primarily through planetary differentiation and fluidrock interactions); an expanded range of mineral-forming environments (including temperature, pressure, redox, and activities of volatile species); and the influence of the biosphere.
Explore this one-stop resource for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization from a leading voice in chemistry RAFT Polymerization: Methods, Synthesis and Applications delivers a comprehensive and insightful analysis of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and its applications to fields as diverse as material science, industrial chemistry, and medicine. This one-stop resource offers readers a detailed synopsis of the current state of RAFT polymerization. This text will inspire further research and continue the drive to an ever-increasing range of applications by synthesizing and explaining the more central existing literature on RAFT polymerization. It contains a beginner’s guide on how to do a RAFT polymerization before moving on to much more advanced techniques and concepts, like the kinetics and mechanisms of the RAFT process. The distinguished editors have also included resources covering the four major classes of RAFT agents and recent developments in processes for initiating RAFT polymerization. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the mechanisms, theory, and mathematical modeling of RAFT Explorations of RAFT agent design and synthesis, dithioesters, dithiobenzoates, trithiocarbonates, xanthates, dithiocarbamates, macromonomer RAFT, and RAFT copolymerization Discussions of a variety of RAFT architectures, including multiblocks, combs, hyperbranched polymers, and stars Treatments of end group transformation, cationic RAFT, high-throughput RAFT, and RAFT in continuous flow An examination of sequence defined polymers by RAFT Perfect for organic chemists, polymer chemists, and materials scientists, RAFT Polymerization: Methods, Synthesis and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of chemical engineers seeking a one-stop reference for this method of controlled radical polymerization with a wide range of applications in multiple areas.
Edited by a leading authority in the field, the first book on this important and emerging topic provides an overview of the latest trends in sequence-controlled polymers. Following a brief introduction, the book goes on to discuss various synthetic approaches to sequence-controlled polymers, including template polymerization, genetic engineering and solid-phase chemistry. Moreover, monomer sequence regulation in classical polymerization techniques such as step-growth polymerization, living ionic polymerizations and controlled radical polymerizations are explained, before concluding with a look at the future for sequence-controlled polymers. With its unique coverage of this interdisciplinary field, the text will prove invaluable to polymer and environmental chemists, as well as biochemists and bioengineers.
One person, one action, one moment can make a difference. Momentus: Small Acts, Big Change provides tangible, real-life, and current examples that back up this idea. This book is more than a "how-to" guide--Hannah Alper gets to the heart of what sparks people to create change. A youth activist herself, Hannah explores the lives of the social activists who have inspired her and the significant impacts they are making locally and globally. Featuring 19 exclusive interviews conducted personally by Hannah with activists, youth change-makers, and celebrities, the book highlights practical examples of the power of positive change in the world, whether large or small. Hannah also shares her personal journey as a youth activist, blogger, motivational speaker, and WE Ambassador. Momentus: Small Acts, Big Change will motivate you to find your spark and give you the tools to make your change happen. "I believe we all have the capacity and responsibility to create change. I don't care how old you are or how young you are, where you live or how much money you have. The ability to create change does not discriminate, it's in everyone." -- Hannah Alper
