This paper reviews the World Bank's experience with community participation (CP) in a sample of its projects selected from three different sectors; urban housing, population, health and nutrition (PHN), and irrigation. The sample was chosen on a judgmental basis and consisted of forty projects which were known to have the potential for the use of CP or incorporated it in their strategies, and ten successful projects from the same sectors which did not make use of CP. The focus of the paper is on the approaches to participation employed by the first set of projects and the lessons to be learned from their experience. An analysis of the second set of projects sheds light on the reasons why community participation was neglected by them.
Dieses Buch behandelt Design und Planung als Gemeinschaftsprojekt, d.h. Gemeinde oder Auftraggeber eines neuen Projektes werden zusammen mit den Experten aktiv in den Designprozeß eingebunden, und zwar von Anfang an. Diese Methode wird für kleine und große Projekte genutzt - angefangen beim Wohnungsbau über Parkanlagen und soziale Einrichtungen über Nachbarviertel und ganze Städte. Unterteilt in zwei große Themenkomplexe behandelt das Buch in Teil 1 die Grundlagen und Methoden zur Einbeziehung der Gemeinde und in Teil 2 Fallstudien, die anschaulich darstellen, wie jedes Prinzip und jede Methode angewandt und umgesetzt wird. Schwerpunktmäßig werden visuelle und ästhetische Mittel eingesetzt, um den Designprozeß zu vermitteln. Mit über 15 Fallstudien zu Bildungseinrichtungen, Wohnanlagen sowie städtischen und ländlichen Designbeispielen und zahlreichen Checklisten und Abbildungen.
The idea of person-centred health systems is widely advocated in political and policy declarations to better address health system challenges. A person-centred approach is advocated on political, ethical and instrumental grounds and believed to benefit service users, health professionals and the health system more broadly. However, there is continuing debate about the strategies that are available and effective to promote and implement 'person-centred' approaches. This book brings together the world's leading experts in the field to present the evidence base and analyse current challenges and issues. It examines 'person-centredness' from the different roles people take in health systems, as individual service users, care managers, taxpayers or active citizens. The evidence presented will not only provide invaluable policy advice to practitioners and policymakers working on the design and implementation of person-centred health systems but will also be an excellent resource for academics and graduate students researching health systems in Europe. This title is available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This book examines the conceptual foundations of the participatory approach to local development, assesses the evidence of its efficacy, and draws key lessons for policy.
This book is based on a public-health approach to the provision of water and sanitation in emergencies: an approach that is information-based and people-based. It emphasizes the need for a coordinated and phased response, which adapts to meet constantly changing needs.
Development projects and public policies fail due to the lack of adequate and genuine community and stakeholder participation, yet many projects, programs and policies the world over are implemented in a top down fashion as if community and stakeholder input at least did not matter and at worst were irrelevant. This book is designed to guide development practitioners, students and academics in the design of more participatory and more sustainable development initiatives and public policies.The book covers the twin issues of community mobilization and stakeholder participation in one volume in a world replete with books and publications exclusively on either the former or the latter, yet the processes in question are mutually reinforcing in the real world. Rarely do development organizations and agencies mobilize communities as single entities but often do so in multi-stakeholder forums to enhance the comprehensiveness, efficiency and effectiveness of development policies and interventions, hence this book. This book will guide development practitioners on how to effectively mobilize communities as well as on how to engage with stakeholders.While this book exposes the reader to the current cutting-edge theoretical models as propounded by leading scholars, the reader is encouraged to "think-outside-the-box" through the suggestion of further models of analysis which tends to fill gaps in the current literature.Overall, the book provides a healthy dose of theory and practical guidelines thereby appealing to both the practitioner and academic. Community mobilization and stakeholder participation for development contains the following distinctive features: * The book has attractive full-color illustrations. * Every chapter is designed in a user-friendly format that promotes easy assimilation and retention of the subject matter. Each chapter begins with an introduction, followed by definitions of key terms and subject matter details before ending with a succinct summary. * The book is heavily informed by extensive research as evidenced by the cited works.* This is the first book to juxtapose negative participatory values supporting the status quo of citizen powerlessness against positive transformative ones determining citizen agency.* The book suggests an additional community mobilization model.* The book presents an innovative schema of the interplay between community participation and community mobilization.* This book innovatively suggests a somewhat shorter community mobilization cycle that could be used during emergencies rather than the usual normative cycle. * Whilst in the literature, three types of community participation are articulated; this book goes further to suggest a fourth type of participation. * Whereas the participatory typologies in the mainstream literature tend to be hierarchical and value-laden, this book boldly proposes a new non-hierarchical and value-free typology.* The current book includes a checklist with which to assess and evaluate community mobilization projects and interventions which development practitioners in the field could use as a handy tool.* Mechanisms for the mainstreaming of gender perspectives for development are explored.* This book clearly articulates the principles and guidelines for participatory governance and development.* This book gives an introductory discussion of commonly-cited economic and social development theories in order to sensitize the reader as regards current development discourses. * Finally, a glossary of key terms is presented in order to guide the inquisitive reader to quickly navigate the conceptual terrain of community mobilization and stakeholder engagement for development.Community mobilization and stakeholder participation for development is intended for those readers who need to develop an appreciation of public participation in its broadest possible sense!
Rural poverty is often unseen or misperceived by outsiders. Dr Chambers contends that researchers, scientists, administrators and fieldworkers rarely appreciate the richness and validity of rural people's knowledge or the hidden nature of rural poverty. This is a challenging book for all concerned with rural development, as practitioners, academics, students or researchers.
