Decentralization in Latin America
Decentralization in Latin America

Author: George E. Peterson

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1997-01-01

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13: 9780821338650

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World Bank Discussion Paper No. 359. Oil and energy markets have experienced dramatic changes over the past two decades--steep price increases in the 1970s and 1980s followed by a decrease in 1986 and large declines in demand in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. But despite considerable uncertainty about future developments in the world oil market, this paper finds that demand is set to rise in all main regions, particularly in developing countries, led by increasing incomes, population, industrialization, investment, and trade. This study examines the growth in demand for eight major oil products for 37 developing countries over the 1971-93 period, analyzing the relationships and changes over time for income, population, and demand for energy and oil products for each country. It also examines some of the important phenomena that affect oil demand and calculates income and price elasticities for each product in all countries.

From Few to Many
From Few to Many

Author: Amanda Glassman

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780815724797

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"From Few to Many is the first comprehensive look at Colombia's 1993 health system reforms. It describes the implementation of universal health insurance, including a subsidized system for the poor, and examines the impact of this and other reforms during a time when Colombia experienced crushing recession and internal conflict that displaced half a million people." "Prior to the reforms, a quarter of the Colombian population had health insurance. Subsidies failed to reach the poor, who were vulnerable to catastrophic financial consequences of illness. Yet by 2008, 85 percent of the population benefited from health insurance." "From Few to Many describes the challenges and benefits of implementing social health reforms in a developing country, exploring health care financing, institutional reform, the effects of political will on health care, and more. The reforms have provided important lessons not only for continued reform in Colombia, but also for other nations facing similar challenges." --Book Jacket.

Decentralization In Health Care: Strategies And Outcomes
Decentralization In Health Care: Strategies And Outcomes

Author: Saltman, Richard

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK)

Published: 2006-12-01

Total Pages: 327

ISBN-13: 033521925X

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Exploring the capacity and impact of decentralization within European health care systems, this book examines both the theoretical underpinnings as well as practical experience with decentralization.

The Design and Administration of Intergovernmental Transfers
The Design and Administration of Intergovernmental Transfers

Author: Donald R. Winkler

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1994-01-01

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 9780821328224

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World Bank Discussion Paper 235. This paper evaluates Latin America's experience in the transfer of certain responsibilities from the national to the subnational levels of government. The experience of countries that have already decentralized the

Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries
Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries

Author: Jennie Ilene Litvack

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1998-01-01

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13: 9780821343500

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In an effort to reduce poverty and improve nutrition, this Bank operation assisted the Indian program Operation Flood to develop the dairy industry in India. This study examines the policy changes instituted to support the aid flow to the dairy sector and discusses the lessons learned and benefits realized through improved dairy production. It also presents suggestions for improvement. This program differs from other Bank efforts in that it focuses on a single commodity to alleviate poverty and raise living standards.

Do Options Exist ?
Do Options Exist ?

Author: Maria Amparo Cruz-Saco

Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre

Published: 2010-11-23

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 0822977273

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This timely volume brings together specialists on the reform of social security systems to analyze the similarities and differences of those health care and pension reforms that have taken place since the early 1990s and suggests possible gains through recent or contemplated revisions to those systems.

Colombia
Colombia

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2003-06-23

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13: 1451808844

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This paper examines the First Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement for Colombia. Under the authorities’ program, economic performance has been mostly favorable. Real economic growth appears to be recovering, led by a pickup in domestic demand that outweighed a decline in net exports. Inflation, however, has remained above the program target. Since late February, the currency has appreciated, responding partly to a sharp decline in the country risk premium. The program is on track and the authorities have reiterated their full commitment to achieving the main elements of the program’s macroeconomic framework.

Health Sector Reform in Developing Countries
Health Sector Reform in Developing Countries

Author: Peter A. Berman

Publisher: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 436

ISBN-13:

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In Mexico City or Nairobi or Manila, a young girl in one part of the city is near death with measles, while, not far away, an elderly man awaits transplantation of a new kidney. How is one denied a cheap, simple, and effective remedy while another can command the most advanced technology medicine can offer? Can countries like Mexico, Kenya, or the Philippines, with limited funds and medical resources, find an affordable, effective, and fair way to balance competing health needs and demands? Such dilemmas are the focus of this insightful book in which leading international researchers bring together the latest thinking on how developing countries can reform health care. The choices these poorer countries make today will determine the pace of health improvement for vast numbers of people now and in the future. Exploring new ideas and concepts, as well as the practical experiences of nations in all parts of the world, this volume provides valuable insights and information to both generalists and specialists interested in how health care will look in the world of the twenty-first century.