Cognition and Survey Research
Cognition and Survey Research

Author: Monroe G. Sirken

Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Published: 1999-04-21

Total Pages: 432

ISBN-13:

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Survey methods research—an interdisciplinary approach. Introducing the theory and tools of cognitive aspects of survey methodology (CASM)—a movement that has greatly contributed to the evolving field of survey methods research—this collection of monographs explores advances in the use of cognitive psychology and other sciences to improve the quality of data collected in surveys. In 22 articles commissioned specifically for this volume, leading survey researchers, social scientists, and statisticians from around the globe evaluate the advantages of interdisciplinary survey techniques, focusing on the many contributions of the CASM movement and drawing on such disciplines as statistics, cognitive psychology, sociology, behavioral sciences, anthropology, linguistics, and computer sciences. The authors explain basic concepts and methodologies and demonstrate the application of cognitive theory to all phases of survey research, including data processing, analysis, presentation, and administration. They provide a critical review of the history and findings of CASM-oriented research and describe useful cognitive models used in survey testing and design. Also, the authors discuss the expanding role of computer technologies and statistical advances in the interdisciplinary aspects of survey methods and draw a roadmap for interdisciplinary survey research into the twenty-first century. Clearly written and supplemented with extensive references and more than 80 figures and charts, Cognition and Survey Research is an indispensable guide for statisticians and professionals who would like to be at the cutting edge of interdisciplinary survey methods research involving the social, cognitive, computer, or statistical sciences.

Cognition and Communication
Cognition and Communication

Author: Norbert Schwarz

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2014-03-05

Total Pages: 125

ISBN-13: 131777888X

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Psychological research into human cognition and judgment reveals a wide range of biases and shortcomings. Whether we form impressions of other people, recall episodes from memory, report our attitudes in an opinion poll, or make important decisions, we often get it wrong. The errors made are not trivial and often seem to violate common sense and basic logic. A closer look at the underlying processes, however, suggests that many of the well known fallacies do not necessarily reflect inherent shortcomings of human judgment. Rather, they partially reflect that research participants bring the tacit assumptions that govern the conduct of conversation in daily life to the research situation. According to these assumptions, communicated information comes with a guarantee of relevance and listeners are entitled to assume that the speaker tries to be informative, truthful, relevant, and clear. Moreover, listeners interpret the speakers' utterances on the assumption that they are trying to live up to these ideals. This book introduces social science researchers to the "logic of conversation" developed by Paul Grice, a philosopher of language, who proposed the cooperative principle and a set of maxims on which conversationalists implicitly rely. The author applies this framework to a wide range of topics, including research on person perception, decision making, and the emergence of context effects in attitude measurement and public opinion research. Experimental studies reveal that the biases generally seen in such research are, in part, a function of violations of Gricean conversational norms. The author discusses implications for the design of experiments and questionnaires and addresses the socially contextualized nature of human judgment.

Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional, and Multicultural Contexts
Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional, and Multicultural Contexts

Author: Janet A. Harkness

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2010-04-30

Total Pages: 620

ISBN-13: 0470609915

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A unique collaboration featuring the latest methodologies and research on multi- and cross-national surveys Over the past two decades, the relevance of cross-national and cross-cultural methodologies has heightened across various fields of study. Responding to increasing cultural diversity and rapid changes in how research is conducted, Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional, and Multicultural Contexts addresses the need for refined tools and improved procedures in cross-cultural and cross-national studies worldwide. Based on research submitted to the International Conference on Multinational, Multicultural, and Multiregional Survey Methods (3MC), this book identifies important changes in comparative methodology approaches, outlines new findings, and provides insight into future developments in the field. Some of the world's leading survey researchers gather in this volume to address the need for a standard framework that promotes quality assurance and quality control in survey research, and its impact on various stages of the survey life cycle, including study design and organization, cross-national sampling, testing and pretesting, data collection, and input and output variable harmonization. Self-contained chapters feature coverage of various topics, such as: Question and questionnaire design, from both global and study-specific perspectives The construction and evaluation of survey translations and instrument adaptations The effects of cultural difference on the perception of question and response categories Non-response issues Analysis in comparative contexts, featuring discussion of polytomous item response theory, categorization problems, and Multi-Trait-Multi-Methods (MTMM) The significance of evolving methodologies for current international survey programs, including the European Social Survey, the International Social Survey Programme, and the Gallup World Poll Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional, and Multicultural Contexts is a valuable supplement for courses on comparative survey methods at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It also serves as an insightful reference for professionals who design, implement, and analyze comparative research in the areas of business, public health, and the social and behavioral sciences.

Cognitive Interviewing
Cognitive Interviewing

Author: Gordon B. Willis

Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13:

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The work provides general guidance about questionnaire design, development, and pre-testing sequence, with an emphasis on the cognitive interview.

Human Cognitive Abilities
Human Cognitive Abilities

Author: John Bissell Carroll

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1993-01-29

Total Pages: 832

ISBN-13: 9780521387125

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The results of more than seventy years of investigation, by factor analysis, of the varieties of cognitive abilities, are described with particular attention to abilities in language, thinking, memory, visual and auditory perception, creativity, etc.

The Psychology of Survey Response
The Psychology of Survey Response

Author: Roger Tourangeau

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2000-03-13

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9780521576291

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This valuable book examines the complex psychological processes involved in answering different types of survey questions. Drawing on both classic and modern research from cognitive psychology, social psychology, and survey methodology, the authors examine how survey responses are formulated and they demonstrate how seemingly unimportant features of the survey can affect the answers obtained. The book provides a comprehensive review of the sources of response errors in surveys, and it offers a coherent theory of the relation between the underlying views of the public and the results of public opinion polls. Topics include the comprehension of survey questions, the recall of relevant facts and beliefs, estimation and inferential processes people use to answer survey questions, the sources of the apparent instability of public opinion, the difficulties in getting responses into the required format, and the distortions introduced into surveys by deliberate misreporting.

What′s Social about Social Cognition?
What′s Social about Social Cognition?

Author: Judith L. Nye

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Published: 1996-05-22

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 1452248435

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Cognition research and theory has become a major focus of attention within academic psychology over the past 15 years. However, most social cognition research has tended to focus on the social thinker in isolation, neglecting the impact of social interactions on cognition. A cutting-edge collection from integral figures in social cognition and small group fields, What′s Social About Social Cognition? fills a lapse in the literature while exploring social phenomena within small groups. Significantly augmented from a special issue of Small Group Research, this volume answers the demand for a greater social emphasis in social cognition research by examining decision making, prejudices, motivations, emotions, and reciprocal influences between and among small group members. And while the entire book provides a springboard for research to come on the social processes and aspects of social cognition, a special concluding chapter looks to the future of this important new research focus. Presenting the latest empirical research at the interface between cognitive and social psychology, this volume will appeal to social and personality psychologists specializing in social cognition as well as group researchers in both applied and theoretical behavioral sciences. What′s Social About Social Cognition? will also prove an invaluable textbook for social psychology survey courses that focus on current theories, and for research methods courses in which social cognition models are presented.

Usability Testing for Survey Research
Usability Testing for Survey Research

Author: Emily Geisen

Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann

Published: 2017-02-15

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 0128036818

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Usability Testing for Survey Research provides researchers with a guide to the tools necessary to evaluate, test, and modify surveys in an iterative method during the survey pretesting process. It includes examples that apply usability to any type of survey during any stage of development, along with tactics on how to tailor usability testing to meet budget and scheduling constraints. The book's authors distill their experience to provide tips on how usability testing can be applied to paper surveys, mixed-mode surveys, interviewer-administered tools, and additional products. Readers will gain an understanding of usability and usability testing and why it is needed for survey research, along with guidance on how to design and conduct usability tests, analyze and report findings, ideas for how to tailor usability testing to meet budget and schedule constraints, and new knowledge on how to apply usability testing to other survey-related products, such as project websites and interviewer administered tools. - Explains how to design and conduct usability tests and analyze and report the findings - Includes examples on how to conduct usability testing on any type of survey, from a simple three-question survey on a mobile device, to a complex, multi-page establishment survey - Presents real-world examples from leading usability and survey professionals, including a diverse collection of case studies and considerations for using and combining other methods - Discusses the facilities, materials, and software needed for usability testing, including in-lab testing, remote testing, and eye tracking

Social Cognition
Social Cognition

Author: Ziva Kunda

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 624

ISBN-13: 9780262611435

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In this survey of research and theory about social cognition, Ziva Kunda reviews basic processes in social cognition, including the representation of social concepts, rules of inference, memory, hot cognition and automatic processing.