Esta obra enfoca la exposición urbana de la región desde la perspectiva de los pobres. Se pregunta por qué la gente se siente atraída por la ciudad y analiza el problema subyacente a la pobreza rural que impulsa el éxodo. Asimismo estudia las opciones que se abren para quienes llegan a la ciudad y las estrategias que éstos utilizan para conseguir un terreno y construir su vivienda.
La expresión "ciudad latinoamericana" remite hoy con exclusividad a las grandes metrópolis que crecen sin control, escenarios amenazantes de violencia e inseguridad. Este libro reconstruye, en cambio, una historia fulgurante en la que la "ciudad latinoamericana" imantó el pensamiento y la acción, como punto de cruce entre los lenguajes de las ciencias sociales en su momento más experimental, los proyectos planificadores y la imaginación política. De 1940 a 1980 esa figura dio lugar a una "internacional latinoamericana" de increíble potencia, conformada por intelectuales, expertos, instituciones y Estados para quienes estudiar el territorio urbano era el paso indispensable para la transformación regional. A partir de una investigación tan inspirada como ambiciosa, que lo llevó de los archivos europeos y norteamericanos a un recorrido por esa "ciudad latinoamericana" móvil, que se desplaza de La Habana a Santiago de Chile, de Lima a Buenos Aires y Río de Janeiro, de Puerto Rico a San Pablo, de Brasilia a México, de Caracas a Bogotá, Adrián Gorelik traza el ciclo histórico de esa figura, que tiene dos momentos. El primero, hasta fines de los sesenta, está atravesado por el entusiasmo modernizador, con la creencia de que las ciudades son la puerta a ideas y estilos de vida que van a liberar a América Latina de las cadenas del tradicionalismo y el subdesarrollo. Pero a medida que el optimismo reformista cae, el segundo momento mira las ciudades con otra óptica: bajo la clave de la dependencia, empieza a identificarlas con la reproducción de un orden injusto que solo la revolución –venida de aquel polo antagónico, el campo– podrá cambiar. Ambos momentos están marcados por la presencia dominante de los Estados Unidos y la incidencia de sus figuras, ideas e instituciones, en un contexto en el que la Guerra Fría redefine el campo académico-intelectual y el político. Colocando a la ciudad en el centro de la dinámica intelectual, Adrián Gorelik produce una nueva mirada sobre el período en el que con mayor fervor llegó a formularse la idea de Latinoamérica como proyecto, sea en versión desarrollista o revolucionaria. Y, en la senda de grandes clásicos como Richard Morse, José Luis Romero o Ángel Rama, a quienes dedica los últimos capítulos, lo hace desde un prisma original, que funda un campo de exploración y da nueva inteligibilidad a una época.
Es el tercer libro de la serie dedicada al desarrollo socioeconómico publicado por la Red Medamérica, una red con siete años de existencia que ha realizado ya tres simposios internacionales entre otras muchas actividades..Las contribuciones piblicadas en este libro dan cuenta de objetivos y perocupaciones comunes en Europa y América Latina, especialmente en torno a temas de desarrollo económico y social. Desde la óptica disciplinar de la Geografía, como denominador común a la mayoría de aportaciones, se analizan diferentes fenómenos socio-espaciales y, por supuesto, económicos.
Capitán Latinoamérica is the first study to examine the unique contribution of Latin American cinema, television, and web series to the global superhero boom. Through an analysis of superhero-themed media from Mexico to Argentina, Vinodh Venkatesh argues that contemporary Latin American superheroes are a hybrid of regional tropes and figures such as the famed luchador, El Chapulín Colorado, and North American blockbuster characters from the DC and Marvel universes. These superheroes channel anxieties specific to their respective national contexts. In Chile, for example, Mirageman rehashes and works through the Pinochet dictatorship and its traumatic aftermath; in Honduras, Chinche Man confronts neoliberalism and gang violence. In Colombia's El Man, in turn, rapid urbanization and drug cartels are the central concerns, whereas corruption and the political machinations of the state feature most prominently in the television and web series Capitán Centroamérica. While the Latin American superhero genre may be superficially characterized by low budgets and kitsch aesthetics, it also poses profound challenges to the social, political, and economic status quo. Covering a wide variety of media bookended by wrestling films from the early 1960s and multimedia productions from the 2010s, Capitán Latinoamérica offers a comprehensive introduction to, and assessment of, the state of the superhero in Latin America.
This book uses the reflection of academics specialized in the urban area of Latin America, Europe and the United States, to initiate a comparative debate of the different dynamics in which Urbicidio expresses itself. The field or focal point of analysis that this publication approaches is the city, but under a new critical perspective of inverse methodology to that has been traditional used. It is about understanding the structural causes of self-destruction to finally thinking better and then going from pessimism to optimism. It is a deep look at the city from an unconventional entrance, because it is about knowing and analyzing what the city loses by the action deployed by own urbanites, both in the field of its production and in the field of its consumption. This suppose that the city does not have an ascending linear sequential evolution in its development but neither in each of its parts in the improvement process, showing the face that commonly not seen but others live. The category used for this purpose is that of Urbicidio or the death of the city, which contributes theoretically and methodologically to the knowledge of the city, as well as to the design of urban policies that neutralize it. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the book has an inclusive view of the authors. For this reason, gender parity, territorial representation and the presence of age groups have been sought.
Cities in the 21st Century provides an overview of contemporary urban development. Written by more than thirty major academic specialists from different countries, it provides information on and analysis of the global network of cities, changes in urban form, environmental problems, the role of technologies and knowledge, socioeconomic developments, and finally, the challenge of urban governance. In the mid-20th century, architect and planner Josep Lluís Sert wondered if cities could survive; in the early 21st century, we see that cities have not only survived but have grown as never before. Cities today are engines of production and trade, forges of scientific and technological innovation, and crucibles of social change. Urbanization is a major driver of change in contemporary societies; it is a process that involves acute social inequalities and serious environmental problems, but also offers opportunities to move towards a future of greater prosperity, environmental sustainability, and social justice. With case studies on thirty cities in five continents and a selection of infographics illustrating these dynamic cities, this edited volume is an essential resource for planners and students of urbanization and urban change.
Gated Communities provides a historic, socio-political and contemporary cultural perspective of gated communities. In doing so it offers a different lens through which to view the historical vernacular background of this now global phenomenon. The book presents a collection of new writing on the issue by an international and interdisciplinary group of contributors. The authors review current thinking on gated communities and consider the sustainability issues that these contemporary 'lifestyle' communities raise. The authors argue that there are links that can be drawn between the historic gated homesteads and cities, found in much of the world, and today's Western-style secure complexes. Global examples of gated communities, and their historical context, are presented throughout the book. The authors also comment on how sustainability issues have impacted on these communities. The book concludes by considering how the historic measures up with the contemporary in terms of sustainability function, and aesthetic.
