This fascinating volume applies the concept of chronomics to the medical treatment of hypertension. It starts with the recent updates on chronomics, the analytic techniques, and their application to community-based assessments. The authors advocate the use of 7-day/24-h records of blood pressure, which is effective for finding masked hypertension, masked morning surge, and other rhythm abnormalities. Most organisms, from cyanobacteria to mammals, are known to use the circadian mechanism. However, our body systems also demonstrate circaseptan (roughly weekly), circannual (roughly yearly), and even longer rhythms. Chronomics monitors the physiological data and then analyzes the superimposed rhythms, isolating the cycles mathematically to determine how organisms and their environment interact. It is the study of interactions among time structures (chronomes) in and around us.
In three volumes, historian Jole Shackelford delineates the history of the study of biological rhythms—now widely known as chronobiology—from antiquity into the twentieth century. Perhaps the most well-known biological rhythm is the circadian rhythm, tied to the cycles of day and night and often referred to as the “body clock.” But there are many other biological rhythms, and although scientists and the natural philosophers who preceded them have long known about them, only in the past thirty years have a handful of pioneering scientists begun to study such rhythms in plants and animals seriously. Tracing the intellectual and institutional development of biological rhythm studies, Shackelford offers a meaningful, evidence-based account of a field that today holds great promise for applications in agriculture, health care, and public health. Volume 1 follows early biological observations and research, chiefly on plants; volume 2 turns to animal and human rhythms and the disciplinary contexts for chronobiological investigation; and volume 3 focuses primarily on twentieth-century researchers who modeled biological clocks and sought them out, including three molecular biologists whose work in determining clock mechanisms earned them a Nobel Prize in 2017.
AKRADINBOSOM: Akan Abosom of the Okra/Okraa (Soul) and the 7-Day Akan Week From Ancient Khanit (Nubia) to Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (Africans) in America Volume 2: Abosomsem - Spiritual Cosmology - Awusi ne Adwoa (Ausar and Auset) Our publication of the six volume set, AKRADINBOSOM: Akan Abosom (Deities) of the Okra/Okraa and the 7-Day week – From Ancient Khanit (Nubia) to Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (Africans) in America is the first of its kind. The Akradinbosom are a particular grouping of Abosom, the Akan term for Deities – the Divine Spirit-Forces in Creation. The Akradinbosom, the major Divine Powers Who animate the solar, lunar and planetary bodies which govern the seven-day week have never been addressed in a publication regarding their identity, the nature of their functioning in Creation and their relationship to the Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) individual in Akan culture. The Akradinbosom are the major Abosom (Deities) who govern all natural cycles in Creation and thus all natural cycles upon Asaase (Earth). We examine the direct relationship that these Abosom (Deities) have with Akan people based on the unique manner in which we have interfaced with them over the millennia. We elucidate how the Akradinbosom are assigned to the Okra/Okraa, the Soul, of each Akan individual pre-incarnation and are thereby directly tied to the Divine function, life-focus, purpose or ‘destiny’ the nkra/nkrabea of every Akan male and female. The super-structure of the nnawotwe, the seven-day week and the Abosom that govern it also governs every aspect of Akan life. This is true of Akan people in the regions of contemporary Ghana and Ivory Coast, West Afuraka/Afuraitkait (Africa) as well as those Akan people who were forced to migrate to the western hemisphere during the Mmusuo Kese, the Great Perversity/Enslavement era. Those of us who reside in North, Central, South america and the Caribbean who are of direct, spiri-genetic Akan Ancestry, have always been directly impacted by the Akradinbosom, the Abosom (Deities) who continue to communicate with us, possess us, heal us, empower us and guide us throughout the course of our lives. In Volume 1: Nokwaresem – Trustorical Cosmology, we address the nokwaresem, the trustory (true-story, true history) of the Akradinbosom, their cosmological place in Creation, the nature of their relationship to the Great Mother and Great Father, Nyamewaa-Nyame, The Supreme Being, and their assignment to our spirits by Nyamewaa-Nyame before we incarnate into the womb and eventually born into the world. We address bebra, reincarnation, in relation to the provenance of the Okra/Okraa, the Soul, as a Deity in its own right assigned to dwell within the head region of the Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) individual. We examine the relationship of our Okra/Okraa, Soul, and the specific Kradinbosom that governs our Okra/Okraa. We address the spiritual and political ramifications of our adherence or non-adherence to the guidance of our Kradinbosom facilitated through the agency of our Okra/Okraa. We properly define Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) Ancestral Religion and Culture, Nanasom and Amammere, as critical to our alignment and realignment with Divine Order on a consistent basis through the agency of spiritual alignment and realignment with our Okra/Okraa, Soul and the Kradinbosom governing the Okra/Okraa. We also elucidate the Akan origin of the seven-day week, tracing our roots to ancient Khanit (Khan/Akan land) and Khahnu – ancient Nubia and Libya, our migrations north to settle Kamit (Egypt) and further migrations north into the Near East to establish the civilization of ancient Kangi or Sumer. We demonstrate for the first time that the names and functions of the Deities of the Sun, Moon and Planets in ancient Sumer and Akkad (later Babylon) are found in the Akan language and ritual practices today unchanged. We also show that these are the same Deities with the same descriptive titles and functions in ancient Khanit and Kamit (Nubia and Egypt). The whites and their offspring learned of the seven-day week from our Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) Ancestresses and Ancestors. The seven-day week was taken into the Near East from Afuraka/Afuraitkait (Africa). In Volumes 2-6: Abosomsem – Spiritual Cosmology, we examine the nature and function of each of the eleven Akradinbosom in various aspects of Creation including their solar, lunar, stellar and Earthly manifestations as well as their shrines within the physical and spiritual anatomy the physical and spiritual organs and organs’ systems of the Akan individual. We also address their manifestations in ancient Khanit and Kamit (Nubia and Egypt) and through a comparative analysis their manifestations in Yoruba, Fon and Ewe culture and religious practice as Orisha and Vodou. In the Hoodoo tradition in North america, the Akradinbosom are recognized and worshipped. As we have demonstrated in our publication HOODOO PEOPLE: Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (Africans) in North America – Akan Custodians of Hoodoo from Ancient Hoodoo/Udunu Land (Khanit/Nubia), the Hoodoo (Ndu) Religion is the Akan Ancestral Religion in North america. It is through a Hoodoo Hwehwemu, a Hoodoo Analysis, that we are empowered by our Nananom Nsamanfo and the Akradinbosom, our Spiritually Cultivated Ancestresses and Ancestors of our direct blood-circles and the Deities who govern our heads, to elucidate the origin, nature and function of the Akradinbosom for the first time. This analysis is corroborated by archaeological, genetic and anthropological, including linguistic, data. This work will be the foundation for many other publications properly delineating the nuanced role of the Akradinbosom in Creation. In this volume we examine the nature and function of the Abosom Awusi and Adwoa who are called Ausar and Auset (misnomered Osiris and Isis) in ancient Khanit and Kamit. Odwirafo Kwesi Ra Nehem Ptah Akhan Aakhuamuman Amaruka Atifi Mu Akwamu Nation in North America Odwiraman www.odwirafo.com
In three volumes, historian Jole Shackelford delineates the history of the study of biological rhythms—now widely known as chronobiology—from antiquity into the twentieth century. Perhaps the most well-known biological rhythm is the circadian rhythm, tied to the cycles of day and night and often referred to as the “body clock.” But there are many other biological rhythms, and although scientists and the natural philosophers who preceded them have long known about them, only in the past thirty years have a handful of pioneering scientists begun to study such rhythms in plants and animals seriously. Tracing the intellectual and institutional development of biological rhythm studies, Shackelford offers a meaningful, evidence-based account of a field that today holds great promise for applications in agriculture, health care, and public health. Volume 1 follows early biological observations and research, chiefly on plants; volume 2 turns to animal and human rhythms and the disciplinary contexts for chronobiological investigation; and volume 3 focuses primarily on twentieth-century researchers who modeled biological clocks and sought them out, including three molecular biologists whose work in determining clock mechanisms earned them a Nobel Prize in 2017.
Circadian rhythms have been shown to be ubiquitous and critically important in the experimental laboratory, accounting for the difference between life and death in response to identical stimulus. The partly endogenous nature of circadian rhythms has been well documented and methods for their characterisation have been developed enabling the cellular and molecular mechanisms to be understood. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine aims to provide a review of these mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms and illustrate the role of the brain’s suprachiasmatic nuclei in the ‘pace-making’ process and the effects caused by ‘clock genes’ present in almost all cells. Beyond the mechanisms involved, the book discusses the relationship between body systems, disease, and proper circadian function; in particular, how disruption of the circadian rhythm is associated with ill health and disease status from observations made at the organismic level. The book is organised to be an ideal introduction for the postgraduate in various fields, reviewing developments and outlining methods to show the depth and breadth of chronobiology and chronomedicine, as well as an invaluable companion to researchers and healthcare professionals working in the field with an interest in developing novel therapeutic approaches.
Mitochondrial medicine deals with diseases that are related to mitochondrial dysfunction due to a number of causes from free radical damage to genetic mutation. This book is based on extensive data gathered over 30 years of clinical and experimental research. In it, internationally recognized authors share their experience in various fields of their expertise and guide readers through the disease process, from basic biochemical mechanisms to diagnosis to therapeutic aspects.
This book strikes a fine balance between contemporary Continuing Medical Education Articles and original research work related to cardiovascular system in general and hypertension in particular. Highlights of this edition include: (a) Addressing common clinical problems of Hypertension management. (b) Outlining Patho-physiological aspects of Hypertension. (c) Making management of various co-morbidities with hypertension very simple by providing simple, well defined algorithms and flow charts. (d) Studies on Bio-rhythms and circadian rhythms.
