China's Largesse
China's Largesse

Author: U. S. Military

Publisher:

Published: 2018-06-24

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 9781983257544

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What has China gained from its foreign aid and investment activity? Does the instrument China chooses reveal its political motive? Does Chinese economic statecraft present a challenge to U.S. national interest? To answer these questions, this thesis examines the history of Communist China's foreign policy in Cambodia and in Kenya since 1956 and 1964, respectively. China has delivered aid to, made investments in, and traded with both states, but the interests China has pursued, and the vigor with which it has pursued them, are different in each. In Cambodia, China has a rich and continuing record of intrusive political influence and military engagement. In Kenya, China's purchase of political influence under Mao has cooled considerably to become today's arm's-length trade and development relationship. This thesis concludes that Chinese economic statecraft buys political influence in Cambodia but not in Kenya, where aid is developmental and investment is driven by business opportunity. From both realist and liberal perspectives, China's economic statecraft presents a challenge to the interests of the United States. I. INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND FINDINGS * B. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. Aid Outcomes * 2. Policy Objectives * 3. International Relations * D. POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS AND HYPOTHESES * E. RESEARCH DESIGN * 1. Similarities between Cambodia and Kenya: History, Economy, and Resources * 2. Differences between Cambodia and Kenya: Geographic, Political, and Cultural Proximity to China * F. CONCLUSION * II. CHINA'S INTERESTS IN CAMBODIA * A. PURSUIT OF ONE CHINA * B. CAMBODIA AS A COLD WAR COUNTERWEIGHT * C. PURSUIT OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA * D. PURSUIT OF DEVELOPMENT ON THE MEKONG RIVER * E. CONCLUSION * III. CHINA'S AID IN KENYA * A. AID IN THE 1960S: ONE CHINA, REVOLUTION, AND COLD WAR POLITICS * B. FREEZE AND THAW, 1965-80 * C. CHINA'S ECONOMIC STATECRAFT IN MODERN KENYA * 1. Aid * 2. Trade * 3. Foreign Direct Investment * D. CONCLUSION * IV. CONCLUSION * A. THREAT TO U.S. NATIONAL INTEREST * 1. Formulation of U.S. National Interest: Realism * 2. Formulation of U.S. National Interest: Liberalism * 3. U.S. National Interest and China's Economic * Engagement * B. HYPOTHESIS VALIDATION * 1. China Buys Influence with Foreign Aid and Investment * 2. China's Expansion of Influence Conflicts with U.S. Interests * 3. Choice of Financial Mechanism Reveals China's Intent * C. FURTHER RESEARCH * 1. Broader Scope * 2. Characterizing China as a Regional or Global Power * 3. China's Intent and the Supply and Demand of Foreign Aid * 4. Do Chinese Aid and FDI Chase Natural Resources? * 5. Is Kenya a Part of OBOR? * D. CONCLUSION

China’s Achilles’ Heel
China’s Achilles’ Heel

Author: Srikanth Thaliyakkattil

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-24

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 9811384258

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This book analyses Chinese discourse on Indian attitudes towards the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI), and argues that the Indian discourse is becoming one of the biggest hurdles to China creating its own narrative about China’s rise in Asia and beyond. In doing so, it spans across the themes of the power struggle between China and US, China and India, the Chinese perception of India, China-South Asia relations, the China-US- India strategic triangle and the success and failures of BRI. The first part of the book focuses on the Chinese thinking behind the launch of the BRI and addresses questions related to the purpose of this initiative and ways in which it will facilitate China’s rise as a superpower. Subsequently the book addresses how effective or ineffective India’s challenge is and how it is negatively affecting China’s BRI.

The Future of China's Past
The Future of China's Past

Author: Albert Welter

Publisher: State University of New York Press

Published: 2023-01-01

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 1438491689

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The Future of China's Past examines how China's traditional culture is being reinvented and manipulated for political purposes. Like no time before in its recent history, and certainly at no time in the history of the People's Republic, China is being shaped in terms of its past, but which past—Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism, Buddhism—or combination of pasts is being held up as the model? Given its growing economic, political, and cultural significance, it is incumbent upon us to take China's rise seriously, yet perspectives involving modern and contemporary geopolitical and intrastate dynamics are insufficient, on their own, for understanding China's rise, and the same holds true for economic analyses, however pertinent. Instead, this book looks at current engagements with models of China's past, introducing the four traditional lenses of Chinese thought and reflecting on their potential relevance for China's—and the world's—future.

Beijing's Global Media Offensive
Beijing's Global Media Offensive

Author: Joshua Kurlantzick

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-11-08

Total Pages: 561

ISBN-13: 0197515789

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A major analysis of how China is attempting to become a media and information superpower around the world, seeking to shape the politics, local media, and information environments of both East Asia and the World. Since China's ascendancy toward major-power status began in the 1990s, many observers have focused on its economic growth and expanding military. China's ability was limited in projecting power over information and media and the infrastructure through which information flows. That has begun to change. Beijing's state-backed media, which once seemed incapable having a significant effect globally, has been overhauled and expanded. At a time when many democracies' media outlets are consolidating due to financial pressures, China's biggest state media outlets, like the newswire Xinhua, are modernizing, professionalizing, and expanding in attempt to reach an international audience. Overseas, Beijing also attempts to impact local media, civil society, and politics by having Chinese firms or individuals with close links buy up local media outlets, by signing content-sharing deals with local media, by expanding China's social media giants, and by controlling the wireless and wired technology through which information now flows, among other efforts. In Beijing's Global Media Offensive--a major analysis of how China is attempting to build a media and information superpower around the world, and how this media power integrates with other forms of Chinese influence--Joshua Kurlantzick focuses on how all of this is playing out in both China's immediate neighborhood--Southeast Asia, Taiwan, Australia, and New Zealand--and also in the United States and many other parts of the world. He traces the ways in which China is trying to build an information and influence superpower, but also critically examines the new conventional wisdom that Beijing has enjoyed great success with these efforts. While China has worked hard to build a global media and information superpower, it often has failed to reap gains from its efforts, and has undermined itself with overly assertive, alienating diplomacy. Still, Kurlantzick contends, China's media, information and political influence campaigns will continue to expand and adapt, helping Beijing exports its political model and protect the ruling Party, and potentially damaging press freedoms, human rights, and democracy abroad. An authoritative account of how this sophisticated and multi-pronged campaign is unfolding, Beijing's Global Media Offensive provides a new window into China's attempts to make itself an information superpower.

Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping
Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping

Author: Willy Wo-Lap Lam

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-03-12

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1317515773

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Renowned for his coverage of China's elite politics and leadership transitions, veteran Sinologist Willy Lam has produced the first book-length study in English of the rise of Xi Jinping--General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since November 2012. With rare insight, Lam describes Xi's personal history and his fascination with quasi-Maoist values, the factional politics through which he ascended, the configuration of power of the Fifth-Generation leadership, and the country's likely future directions under the charismatic "princeling." Despite an undistinguished career as a provincial administrator, Xi has rapidly amassed more power than his predecessors. He has overawed his rivals and shaken up the party-state hierarchy by launching large-scale anti-corruption and rectification campaigns. With a strong power base in the People's Liberation Army and a vision of China as an "awakening lion," Xi has been flexing China's military muscle in sovereignty rows with countries including Japan, Vietnam, and the Philippines while trying to undermine the influence of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region. While Xi is still fine-tuning his art of governance, his zero tolerance for dissent and his preoccupation with upholding the privileges of the "red aristocracy" and the CCP's status as "perennial ruling party" do not bode well for economic, political, or cultural reforms. Lam takes a close look at Xi's ideological and political profile and considers how his conservative outlook might shape what the new strongman calls "the Great Renaissance of the Chinese race."

China’s Search for Energy Security
China’s Search for Energy Security

Author: Suisheng Zhao

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-06-11

Total Pages: 197

ISBN-13: 1317981197

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China’s rapid economic growth in the recent decades has produced an unprecedented energy vulnerability that could threaten the sustainability of its economic development, a linchpin to social stability and ultimately the regime legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as well as the foundation for China's rising power aspirations. What is the Chinese perception of the energy security and challenges, how has the Chinese government responded to the challenges? What are the international implications of China’s search for energy security? This collection of contributions by leading scholars seeks answers to these extremely important questions. The book is divided into three parts. Part I presents an overview of China’s sense of energy security and its strategic responses. Part II examines China’s energy policy-making processes, the efforts to reform and reorganize the energy sector and reset policy priorities Part III focuses on the international implications of China’s search for energy security. This book consists of articles published in the Journal of Contemporary China.

The iPINIONS Journal
The iPINIONS Journal

Author: Anthony Livingston Hall

Publisher: iUniverse

Published: 2019-02-27

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 1532067496

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Current Events Hall takes aim at the global events of 2018 with a unique and refreshing perspective. Topics in this volume include the following: • President Trump displaying brazen hypocrisies—“Complaining about Trump’s hypocrisy is like complaining about a prostitute’s promiscuity.” • The Catholic Church covering up sins of pedophile priests—“These putative men of God cannot believe God exists. They must reason that, if he did, he would have stopped priests from systematically abusing children long ago. After all, what God would allow a criminal sex cult to flourish as a holy church in his name?” • Tiger Woods failing to win another major—“Tiger is becoming to PGA players what Hugh Hefner became to LA players: the most popular guy in the game who everyone knows can’t do it anymore.” • Caribbean leaders condemning “shithole” Trump—“Haitian migrants pose a heavy, unsustainable burden for the relatively small and poor countries of the Caribbean. This explains why, even though none have called Haiti a shithole, some Caribbean leaders have treated Haitians like shit.” • Meryl Streep hailing Harvey Weinstein as “God”—“That she said this is as much an indication of how far Weinstein has fallen from grace as it is an indictment of how much even Streep was beholding to his power and influence.” • Europeans doing more than Africans to solve Africa’s migrant crisis—“Only a symbiosis of European colonial guilt and African umbilical dependence explains why.” • Research showing the health benefits of bread—“No less an authority than the Bible decreed that bread and water are the staff of life. Which is why I hereby curse Atkins and his spawn of ketogenic false prophets in the name of God.” • Trump continuing bromance with Putin despite bipartisan criticism—“Trump is behaving like a teenage girl who was reprimanded by her parents for sneaking out for a booty call with a notorious bad boy. And she responds by sneaking that bad boy into her bedroom . . . and ends up pregnant.”

Southeast Asian Affairs 2022
Southeast Asian Affairs 2022

Author: Daljit Singh

Publisher: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute

Published: 2022-04-14

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13: 9815011030

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“Southeast Asian Affairs, first published in 1974, continues today to be required reading for not only scholars but the general public interested in in-depth analysis of critical cultural, economic and political issues in Southeast Asia. In this annual review of the region, renowned academics provide comprehensive and stimulating commentary that furthers understanding of not only the region’s dynamism but also of its tensions and conflicts. It is a must read.” – Suchit Bunbongkarn, Emeritus Professor, Chulalongkorn University “Now in its forty-ninth edition, Southeast Asian Affairs offers an indispensable guide to this fascinating region. Lively, analytical, authoritative, and accessible, there is nothing comparable in quality or range to this series. It is a must read for academics, government officials, the business community, the media, and anybody with an interest in contemporary Southeast Asia. Drawing on its unparalleled network of researchers and commentators, ISEAS is to be congratulated for producing this major contribution to our understanding of this diverse and fast-changing region, to a consistently high standard and in a timely manner.” – Hal Hill, H.W. Arndt Professor of Southeast Asian Economies, Australian National University

Where Great Powers Meet
Where Great Powers Meet

Author: David Shambaugh

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2020-11-01

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 0190914998

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After the end of the Cold War, it seemed as if Southeast Asia would remain a geopolitically stable region within the American-led order for the foreseeable future. In the last two decades, however, the re-emergence of China as a major great power has called into question the geopolitical future of the region and raised the specter of renewed great power competition. As the eminent China scholar David Shambaugh explains in Where Great Powers Meet, the United States and China are engaged in a broad-gauged and global competition for power. While this competition ranges across the entire world, it is centered in Asia. In this book, Shambaugh focuses on the critical sub-region of Southeast Asia. The United States and China constantly vie for position and influence across this enormously significant area--and the outcome of this contest will do much to determine whether Asia leaves the American orbit after seven decades and falls into a new Chinese sphere of influence. Just as importantly, to the extent that there is a global "power transition" occurring from the US to China, the fate of Southeast Asia will be a good indicator. Presently, both powers bring important assets to bear in their competition. The United States continues to possess a depth and breadth of security ties, soft power, and direct investment across the region that empirically outweigh China's. For its part, China has more diplomatic influence, much greater trade, and geographic proximity. In assessing the likelihood of a regional power transition, Shambaugh examines how ASEAN (the Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and its member states maneuver and the degree to which they align with one or the other power.