Chilling Admissions
Chilling Admissions

Author: Gary Orfield

Publisher: Harvard Education Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 154

ISBN-13:

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This book, produced by the Harvard Civil Rights Project, focuses on the consequences for student body diversity of eliminating race and ethnicity as factors in university admissions. The more specific focus is on what would happen if college admissions relied entirely on traditional quantitative measures of academic achievement and promise, such as test scores and grade point average. This collection does not address in detail fixing the K-12 pipeline, which civil rights conservatives argue is an adequate substitute for affirmative action in university admissions. The heart of the case for diversity-based affirmative action in admissions (and employment) is that while the attempt to repair the pipeline continues, institutions cannot be allowed to undermine their educational and social missions by excluding capable under-represented minorities. The papers are: (1) "Campus Resegregation and Its Alternatives" (Gary Orfield); (2) "Misconceptions in the Debate Over Affirmative Action in College Admissions" (Thomas J. Kane); (3) "No Alternative: The Effects of Color-Blind Admissions in California" (Jerome Karabel); (4) "Hopwood in Texas: The Untimely End of Affirmative Action" (Jorge Chapa and Vincent A. Lazaro); (5) "The Hopwood Chill: How the Court Derailed Diversity Efforts at Texas A&M" (Susanna Finnell); (6) "Notes from the Field: Higher Education Desegregation in Mississippi" (Robert A. Kronley and Claire V. Handley); (7) "Race and Testing in College Admissions" (Michael T. Nettles, Laura W. Perna, and Catherine M. Millett); (8) "Testing a New Approach to Admissions: The Irvine Experience" (Susan A. Wilbur and Marguerite Bonous-Hammarth); and (9) "An Admissions Process for a Multiethnic Society" (Greg Tanaka, Marguerite Bonous-Hammarth, and Alexander W. Astin). Each paper contains references. (Contains 25 tables and 6 figures.) (SLD)

Who Gets In?
Who Gets In?

Author: Rebecca Zwick

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2017-05-15

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 0674977661

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When it comes to the hotly disputed topic of college admissions, the one thing everyone agrees about is that it’s unfair. But there is little agreement on what a fair process would be. Rebecca Zwick takes a hard look at the high-stakes competition of U.S. college admissions today. Illustrating her points using analyses of survey data from applicants to the nation’s top colleges and universities, she assesses the goals of different admissions systems and the fairness of criteria—from high school grades and standardized test scores to race, socioeconomic status, and students’ academic aspirations. The demographic makeup of the class and the educational outcomes of its students can vary substantially, depending upon how an institution approaches its task. Who Gets In? considers the merits and flaws of competing approaches and demonstrates that admissions policies can sometimes fail to produce the desired results. For example, some nontraditional selection methods can hurt more than help the students they are intended to benefit. As Zwick shows, there is no objective way to evaluate admissions systems—no universal definition of student merit or blanket entitlement to attend college. Some schools may hope to attract well-rounded students, while others will focus on specific academic strengths. What matters most is that a school’s admissions policy reflects its particular educational philosophy. Colleges should be free to include socioeconomic and racial preferences among their admissions criteria, Zwick contends, but they should strive for transparency about the factors they use to evaluate applicants.

You Decide
You Decide

Author: Edward R. Drachman

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 9780742538054

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The book is a unique and innovative assembly of 14 originally written cases on controversial topics in American government and politics. It is intended to engage students in active learning through discussion, debate and participation in the introductory American Government course.

Affirmative Action and Racial Equity
Affirmative Action and Racial Equity

Author: Uma M. Jayakumar

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-03-12

Total Pages: 253

ISBN-13: 1317664663

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The highly anticipated U.S. Supreme Court decision in Fisher v. University of Texas placed a greater onus on higher education institutions to provide evidence supporting the need for affirmative action policies on their respective campuses. It is now more critical than ever that institutional leaders and scholars understand the evidence in support of race consideration in admissions as well as the challenges of the post-Fisher landscape. This important volume shares information documented for the Fisher case and provides empirical evidence to help inform scholarly conversation and institutions’ decisions regarding race-conscious practices in higher education. With contributions from scholars and experts involved in the Fisher case, this edited volume documents and shares lessons learned from the collaborative efforts of the social science, educational, and legal communities. Affirmative Action and Racial Equity is a critical resource for higher education scholars and administrators to understand the nuances of the affirmative action legal debate and to identify the challenges and potential strategies toward racial equity and inclusion moving forward.

Controversies in Affirmative Action
Controversies in Affirmative Action

Author: James A. Beckman

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2014-07-23

Total Pages: 1117

ISBN-13: 1440800839

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An engaging and eclectic collection of essays from leading scholars on the subject, which looks at affirmative action past and present, analyzes its efficacy, its legacy, and its role in the future of the United States. This comprehensive, three-volume set explores the ways the United States has interpreted affirmative action and probes the effects of the policy from the perspectives of economics, law, philosophy, psychology, sociology, political science, and race relations. Expert contributors tackle a host of knotty issues, ranging from the history of affirmative action to the theories underpinning it. They show how affirmative action has been implemented over the years, discuss its legality and constitutionality, and speculate about its future. Volume one traces the origin and evolution of affirmative action. Volume two discusses modern applications and debates, and volume three delves into such areas as international practices and critical race theory. Standalone essays link cause and effect and past and present as they tackle intriguing—and important—questions. When does "affirmative action" become "reverse discrimination"? How many decades are too many for a "temporary" policy to remain in existence? Does race- or gender-based affirmative action violate the equal protection of law guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment? In raising such issues, the work encourages readers to come to their own conclusions about the policy and its future application.

Scientific Evidence and Equal Protection of the Law
Scientific Evidence and Equal Protection of the Law

Author: Angelo N Ancheta

Publisher: Rutgers University Press

Published: 2006-02-02

Total Pages: 209

ISBN-13: 0813539315

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Scientific and social scientific evidence has informed judicial decisions and the making of constitutional law for decades, but for much of U.S. history it has also served as a rhetorical device to justify inequality. It is only in recent years that scientific and statistical research has helped redress discrimination—but not without controversy. Scientific Evidence and Equal Protection of the Law provides unique insights into the judicial process and scientific inquiry by examining major decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court, civil rights advocacy, and the nature of science itself. Angelo Ancheta discusses leading equal protection cases such as Brown v. Board of Education and recent litigation involving race-related affirmative action, gender inequality, and discrimination based on sexual orientation. He also examines less prominent, but equally compelling cases, including McCleskey v. Kemp, which involved statistical evidence that a state’s death penalty was disproportionately used when victims were white and defendants were black, and Castaneda v. Partida, which established key standards of evidence in addressing the exclusion of Latinos from grand jury service. For each case, Ancheta explores the tensions between scientific findings and constitutional values.

Ever the Leader
Ever the Leader

Author: William G. Bowen

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2017-10-31

Total Pages: 365

ISBN-13: 1400888921

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Ever the Leader gathers together selected speeches and writings from one of the great scholars and commentators of higher education. William G. Bowen’s career at Princeton University—from economics professor to provost to a sixteen-year tenure as president—was marked by extraordinary accomplishments during times of great change, both at the university and in the country. But it was in Bowen’s second act, as president of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and founding chairman of ITHAKA, that he took the lessons he learned as a highly productive leader of one of the nation’s most esteemed universities and applied them to a broader set of problems in higher education. This volume of work from Bowen’s later career captures this expansion of his thought and influence. Comprising remarks and articles on the subjects of university values, educational opportunity, college sports, technology, and colleagues and peers in higher education leadership, Ever the Leader is more than just a concise distillation of Bowen’s research and thinking on some of the most urgent issues of the day—it is a portrait of leadership in action. The selected papers, talks, and articles exemplify Bowen’s commitment and singular ability to communicate strong, persuasive arguments for change, and to motivate others to engage with the truly hard questions facing higher education leaders. Filled with formidable insights, Ever the Leader will be required reading for university presidents, policymakers, and all those who carry on the struggle for equity and excellence in higher education.

Common Law Judging
Common Law Judging

Author: Douglas E. Edlin

Publisher: University of Michigan Press

Published: 2020-03-06

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0472902342

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Are judges supposed to be objective? Citizens, scholars, and legal professionals commonly assume that subjectivity and objectivity are opposites, with the corollary that subjectivity is a vice and objectivity is a virtue. These assumptions underlie passionate debates over adherence to original intent and judicial activism. In Common Law Judging, Douglas Edlin challenges these widely held assumptions by reorienting the entire discussion. Rather than analyze judging in terms of objectivity and truth, he argues that we should instead approach the role of a judge’s individual perspective in terms of intersubjectivity and validity. Drawing upon Kantian aesthetic theory as well as case law, legal theory, and constitutional theory, Edlin develops a new conceptual framework for the respective roles of the individual judge and of the judiciary as an institution, as well as the relationship between them, as integral parts of the broader legal and political community. Specifically, Edlin situates a judge’s subjective responses within a form of legal reasoning and reflective judgment that must be communicated to different audiences. Edlin concludes that the individual values and perspectives of judges are indispensable both to their judgments in specific cases and to the independence of the courts. According to the common law tradition, judicial subjectivity is a virtue, not a vice.

Schools and Society
Schools and Society

Author: Jeanne H. Ballantine

Publisher: Pine Forge Press

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 577

ISBN-13: 141295052X

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Presents the most recent theories, research, terms, concepts, ideas, and histories on educational leadership and school administration as taught in preparation programs and practiced in schools and colleges today.