Chemistry of Opioids

Chemistry of Opioids

Author: Hiroshi Nagase

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2011-01-21

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 3642181074

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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Morphine and Related Alkaloids; by N. Chida * Opioids in Preclinical and Clinical Trials; by H. Nagase and H. Fujii * Synthesis of 14-Alkoxymorphinan Derivatives and Their Pharmacological Actions; by H. Schmidhammer and M. Spetea * 14-Amino-4,5-Epoxymorphinan Derivatives and Their Pharmacological Actions; by J. W. Lewis and S. M. Husbands * Nonpeptidic Delta (δ) Opioid Agonists and Antagonists of the Diarylmethylpiperazine Class: What Have We Learned?; by S. N. Calderon * Synthesis of Neoclerodane Diterpenes and Their Pharmacological Effects; by K. M. Lovell, K. M. Prevatt-Smith, A. Lozama and T. E. Prisinzano * Synthesis of Novel Basic Skeletons Derived from Naltrexone; by H. Nagase and H. Fujii * Twin and Triplet Drugs in Opioid Research; by H. Fujii * 3D-Pharmacophore Identification for κ-Opioid Agonists Using Ligand-Based Drug-Design Techniques; by N. Yamaotsu and S. Hirono


Chemistry of Opioids

Chemistry of Opioids

Author: Hiroshi Nagase

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-01-19

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 3642181066

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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Morphine and Related Alkaloids; by N. Chida * Opioids in Preclinical and Clinical Trials; by H. Nagase and H. Fujii * Synthesis of 14-Alkoxymorphinan Derivatives and Their Pharmacological Actions; by H. Schmidhammer and M. Spetea * 14-Amino-4,5-Epoxymorphinan Derivatives and Their Pharmacological Actions; by J. W. Lewis and S. M. Husbands * Nonpeptidic Delta (δ) Opioid Agonists and Antagonists of the Diarylmethylpiperazine Class: What Have We Learned?; by S. N. Calderon * Synthesis of Neoclerodane Diterpenes and Their Pharmacological Effects; by K. M. Lovell, K. M. Prevatt-Smith, A. Lozama and T. E. Prisinzano * Synthesis of Novel Basic Skeletons Derived from Naltrexone; by H. Nagase and H. Fujii * Twin and Triplet Drugs in Opioid Research; by H. Fujii * 3D-Pharmacophore Identification for κ-Opioid Agonists Using Ligand-Based Drug-Design Techniques; by N. Yamaotsu and S. Hirono


Opioids and Their Receptors

Opioids and Their Receptors

Author: Mariana Spetea

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-12-18

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 3036500464

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The interest in opioids such as morphine, the prototypical opioid ligand, has been maintained through the years. The identification of endogenous opioids and their receptors (mu, delta, kappa, and nociceptin), molecular cloning, and the elucidation of the crystal structures of opioid receptors represent key milestones in opioid research. The opioid system modulates numerous pharmacological responses, with therapeutic (i.e., analgesia) and detrimental side effects (i.e., addiction). The medical use and misuse of opioids have dramatically increased, leading to the 21st century opioid crisis. This book presents recent developments in opioid drug discovery, specifically in the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of new ligands targeting the opioid receptors as effective and safe therapeutics for human diseases. Furthermore, it draws a special attention to advancing concepts and strategies in opioid drug discovery to mitigate opioid liabilities. The diversity among the discussed topics is a testimony to the complexity of the opioid system, which results from the expression, regulation, and functional role of ligands and receptors. The array of multidisciplinary research areas illustrates the rapidly developing basic research and translational activities in opioid drug discovery. This book will serve as a useful reference while also stimulating continued research in the chemistry and pharmacology of opioids and their receptors, with the prospect of developing improved therapies for human diseases, but also improving health and quality of life in general.


Kratom and Other Mitragynines

Kratom and Other Mitragynines

Author: Robert B. Raffa

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2014-10-29

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 1482225190

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Opioids such as morphine, codeine, and oxycodone are extracts or analogs isolated from a single source: the opium poppy. For a long time, it was believed to be nature's only source of opioids. But it now appears that biological diversity has evolved an alternative source of opioid compounds-those derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa. This plan


Opioids in Non-Cancer Pain

Opioids in Non-Cancer Pain

Author: Catherine F. Stannard

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2013-03-21

Total Pages: 121

ISBN-13: 0199678073

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This pocketbook summarizes the recent developments in this important and controversial aspect of pain management, looking at the benefits and adverse effects of opioids in non-cancer pain.


Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-09-28

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0309459575

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Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.


Synthesis of Essential Drugs

Synthesis of Essential Drugs

Author: Ruben Vardanyan

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2006-03-10

Total Pages: 635

ISBN-13: 008046212X

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Synthesis of Essential Drugs describes methods of synthesis, activity and implementation of diversity of all drug types and classes. With over 2300 references, mainly patent, for the methods of synthesis for over 700 drugs, along with the most widespread synonyms for these drugs, this book fills the gap that exists in the literature of drug synthesis. It provides the kind of information that will be of interest to those who work, or plan to begin work, in the areas of biologically active compounds and the synthesis of medicinal drugs. This book presents the synthesis of various groups of drugs in an order similar to that traditionally presented in a pharmacology curriculum. This was done with a very specific goal in mind – to harmonize the chemical aspects with the pharmacology curriculum in a manner useful to chemists. Practically every chapter begins with an accepted brief definition and description of a particular group of drugs, proposes their classification, and briefly explains the present model of their action. This is followed by a detailed discussion of methods for their synthesis. Of the thousands of drugs existing on the pharmaceutical market, the book mainly covers generic drugs that are included in the WHO's Essential List of Drugs. For practically all of the 700+ drugs described in the book, references (around 2350) to the methods of their synthesis are given along with the most widespread synonyms. Synthesis of Essential Drugs is an excellent handbook for chemists, biochemists, medicinal chemists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, scientists, professionals, students, university libraries, researchers, medical doctors and students, and professionals working in medicinal chemistry. * Provides a brief description of methods of synthesis, activity and implementation of all drug types* Includes synonyms* Includes over 2300 references


Opioid Analgesics

Opioid Analgesics

Author: A.F. Casy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1986-06-30

Total Pages: 550

ISBN-13: 9780306421303

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The rapidly burgeoning research of the past two decades on agonist-antagonist analgesics and opioid receptors makes this exhaustive review of opioid anal gesics particularly relevant and timely. After an introductory chapter the additional 12 chapters begin logically with morphine and congeners (4- epoxymorphinans) and end with opioid receptors. All principal chemical types of centrally acting analgesics (including endogenous opioid-like substances) and their antagonists as well as the mixed agonist-antagonists are treated thoroughly, although not always (and for good reason) in historical (chrono logical) order. A chapter on miscellaneous types (atypical structures for the most part) includes the benzimidazoles (etonitazene), aminotetralins (dezocine), tetrahydroisoquinolines (methopholine), and so on. Important aspects and correlations of chemistry, pharmacology, and biochemistry are discussed in depth. Literature citations are numerous. For educators, practicing laboratory scientists, and physicians, this scholarly review by two authors well of opioid analgesics versed in the chemistry, pharmacology, and biochemistry will be informative, stimulating, and thought-provoking. Everette L. May Medical College of Virginia Richmond, VA 23298 v Preface The history of opium predates the written word, although knowledge of its constituents dates back less than 200 years. Over the centuries its popularity for the relief of pain has waxed and waned, until today the opiates are widely recognized as excellent analgesics but with disadvantages that have impaired their use seriously. There is a clear need for a potent analgesic with minimal effects on the respiratory centers and gastrointestinal tract and preferably devoid of dependence liability.


Opiate Receptors and Antagonists

Opiate Receptors and Antagonists

Author: Reginald Dean

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-03-12

Total Pages: 767

ISBN-13: 1597451975

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Comprehensive and authoritative, Opioid Receptors and Antagonists: From Bench to Clinic offers neuroscientists, pharmacologists and interested clinicians a unique survey of the extensive and diverse research efforts currently employed with opioid antagonists to develop novel innovative drug therapies. Summarizes the present understanding of the chemistry, pharmacology and molecular biology of opioid receptors and their subtypes Highlights differences and similarities between the opioid pharmacology of animals and human Describes current and potential therapeutic areas for opioid antagonists, including substance abuse, alcohol and ingestive behaviors, behavioral disorders and other medical indications, supported by nonclinical and clinical evidence Focuses on the development of exciting and innovative drug delivery approaches that are being used with opioid antagonists for the above medical indications


Analgesics

Analgesics

Author: Helmut Buschmann

Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783527304035

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This reference book covers all analgesics that are currently in use or in development. Pharmacological, therapeutical and mechanistical aspects are discussed along with valuable information on chemical properties and synthesis schemes. The latest information on novel drugs currently under development is provided.