Chad

Chad

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2007-01-23

Total Pages: 99

ISBN-13: 1451836457

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This 2006 Article IV Consultation highlights that despite some progress in macroeconomic stabilization and reform under IMF-supported programs during the 1990s, Chad’s indicators on business climate, governance, and socioeconomic conditions still remain among the lowest in the world. In 2006, real GDP is expected to grow by 1.3 percent, reflecting higher non-oil growth offsetting a somewhat larger fall in oil production than envisaged earlier. Executive Directors have noted Chad’s efforts in maintaining macroeconomic stability and in channeling resources to priority sectors despite a difficult political and security environment.


Central African Economic and Monetary Community

Central African Economic and Monetary Community

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2012-08-14

Total Pages: 81

ISBN-13: 1475504845

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This paper discusses the common policies adopted by the members of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). The macroeconomic performance was good in 2011 with improved fiscal balances, public investment programs, and higher reserves. However, CEMAC is facing challenges from deep-seated structural problems, including uncoordinated fiscal policy, financial sector weaknesses, and obstacles to growth and competitiveness. The Executive Board recommends monetary policies for financial stability and suggest making monetary policies an efficient tool of macroeconomic management. Also, the Board recommends strengthening of governance of CEMAC’s common institutions.


Argentina

Argentina

Author: International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2016-11-10

Total Pages: 93

ISBN-13: 1475552629

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An inherited legacy of imbalances. Upon taking office in December last year, Argentina’s new government faced pervasive macroeconomic imbalances, microeconomic distortions, and a weakened institutional framework. These encompassed unsustainably high consumption levels, historically low levels of investment, and large fiscal deficits financed by money creation, which led to high inflation. Distortions at the micro level included an extensive network of administrative controls (for example, trade barriers, foreign exchange restrictions, and price controls) and a business environment that eroded competitiveness and undermined medium-term growth. There was also an important weakening of the institutional framework for economic policymaking, perhaps most evident in the loss of credibility of the national statistics agency.


Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC)

Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC)

Author: International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2013-11-06

Total Pages: 99

ISBN-13: 147551378X

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This paper focuses on common policies for member countries of Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). It highlights that the fiscal stance should be more cautious in some countries where policy buffers are insufficient to withstand shocks. The recent easing of monetary policy has been appropriate given the positive inflation outlook. Reserves coverage remains adequate and the real effective exchange rate is broadly in line with fundamentals but the issue of only partial repatriation of foreign exchange reserves by some member states needs be resolved. The fiscal surveillance framework should be revised to limit pro-cyclicality and better ensure long-term fiscal sustainability of oil-rich countries.


Global Waves of Debt

Global Waves of Debt

Author: M. Ayhan Kose

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2021-03-03

Total Pages: 403

ISBN-13: 1464815453

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The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.


Republic of Equatorial Guinea

Republic of Equatorial Guinea

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2006-06-21

Total Pages: 59

ISBN-13: 1451815972

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Equatorial Guinea’s macroeconomic performance in the recent period has been broadly satisfactory. Despite the macroeconomic environment, however, progress in alleviating poverty and meeting the MDGs has been slow. Executive Directors welcome the government’s intention to prepare a National Poverty Reduction Strategy. In the meantime, the budget process needs to be modified. The pegged exchange rate regime has served Equatorial Guinea well, providing an anchor to hold down inflation and a positive influence on investors’ confidence. The data provided by Equatorial Guinea are broadly adequate for surveillance.