Camera Image Quality Benchmarking
Camera Image Quality Benchmarking

Author: Jonathan B. Phillips

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2018-01-09

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 1119054494

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The essential guide to the entire process behind performing a complete characterization and benchmarking of cameras through image quality analysis Camera Image Quality Benchmarking contains the basic information and approaches for the use of subjectively correlated image quality metrics and outlines a framework for camera benchmarking. The authors show how to quantitatively compare image quality of cameras used for consumer photography. This book helps to fill a void in the literature by detailing the types of objective and subjective metrics that are fundamental to benchmarking still and video imaging devices. Specifically, the book provides an explanation of individual image quality attributes and how they manifest themselves to camera components and explores the key photographic still and video image quality metrics. The text also includes illustrative examples of benchmarking methods so that the practitioner can design a methodology appropriate to the photographic usage in consideration. The authors outline the various techniques used to correlate the measurement results from the objective methods with subjective results. The text also contains a detailed description on how to set up an image quality characterization lab, with examples where the methodological benchmarking approach described has been implemented successfully. This vital resource: Explains in detail the entire process behind performing a complete characterization and benchmarking of cameras through image quality analysis Provides best practice measurement protocols and methodologies, so readers can develop and define their own camera benchmarking system to industry standards Includes many photographic images and diagrammatical illustrations to clearly convey image quality concepts Champions benchmarking approaches that value the importance of perceptually correlated image quality metrics Written for image scientists, engineers, or managers involved in image quality and evaluating camera performance, Camera Image Quality Benchmarking combines knowledge from many different engineering fields, correlating objective (perception-independent) image quality with subjective (perception-dependent) image quality metrics.

Tutorial
Tutorial

Author: Anne R. Kenney

Publisher: Washington, D.C. : Commission on Preservation and Access

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This tutorial provides a means to estimate resolution requirements for the use of digital imaging technology in converting text-based material. It is suggested that benchmarks for resolution can be calculated by evaluating the physical attributes of source documents and by applying Quality Index formulas that have been derived from those established for preservation microfilming. The formulas are based on three variables: the height of the smallest significant character, the desired quality to be obtained in the reformatted version, and the resolution of the recording device. For the past several years, the Cornell University Department of Preservation and Conservation (New York) has experimented using the Digital Quality Index formula to predict resolution requirements for a wide range of documents using a number of scanning devices. The results of these and other experiments confirm the utility of the Digital Quality Index formula for bitonal (black and white) scanning, but a slight modification to the formula is recommended in cases where grayscale scanning is employed. It is cautioned that the use of these formulas are for benchmarking purposes only. Assessment methods for scanner performance are discussed, and a continuous quality assurance program is recommended. Sections include: "Where to Begin"; "How To Determine Digital Image Quality"; "Scanning Methodologies and Compression Techniques"; "Bitonal Scanning"; "Grayscale Scanning"; "Verifying the Predicted Quality Index"; "Visual Inspection"; "Suggested Guidelines" and "Summary of Recommendations." Seven figures and three tables illustrate the process and data. (Contains 20 references.) (MAS)

Benchmarking an Automated Minirhizotron Camera System
Benchmarking an Automated Minirhizotron Camera System

Author: Jose Guilherme Cesario Pereira Pinto

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Understanding plant roots and root development is key for agricultural productivity as roots affect many plant, ecosystem and biogeochemical processes. However, studying root development in-situ can be challenging. Minirhizotrons are commonly used for root monitoring, and allow non-destructive tracking of root development overtime. Nonetheless, existing commercial minirhizotron cameras are expensive and manually operated. Planar optodes are a promising technology for quantifying concentrations of soil solutes, but have not yet been paired with minirhizotron technology. We developed an inexpensive, automated minirhizotron camera system, the RhizoPi camera, built using off-the-shelf computer components that can be paired with planar optodes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability and utility of the RhizoPi camera system. The objectives were to 1) assess the capabilities and design of the RhizoPi minirhizotron camera system and benchmark it against a commercial minirhizotron camera; 2) create an image analysis script to analyze minirhizotron images and compare results to those of existing commercial software; and 3) develop a method for using the RhizoPi camera system for planar optode imaging. Objectives 1 and 2 are the focus of Chapter 2 in which soybean (Glycine max L.) was grown in containers under controlled greenhouse conditions. Images collected using the RhizoPi camera system were analyzed for percentage of images that are roots (root percentage) using a script written in the Python programming language and the RootSnap!® software. Although the average root percentage measured by the Python script, 3.36%, was significantly larger than with RootSnap!, 2.97%, the difference was small in magnitude (0.39%). Images collected using the RhizoPi camera were compared to images collected on the same day using the commercially-available CID Bioscience CI-600 minirhizotron camera. Images from the two camera systems were processed to ensure the exact image frame location was being compared, then processed using RootSnap!. Objective 3 was the focus of Chapter 3, in which a method is presented for augmenting the RhizoPi minirhizotron camera system with planar oxygen optode technology and techniques. In this method acrylic minirhizotron tubes were turned into oxygen sensitive planar optodes by applying oxygen-sensitive dyes in a strip along the length of each tube. Successful calibrations of these optodes are presented as a proof of concept for this method. The RhizoPi camera system is capable of collecting research-quality images of roots, and can serve as a platform for deploying planar optode technologies for in situ analysis of soil solution chemistry.

Digital Camera Processing Pipeline
Digital Camera Processing Pipeline

Author: Keigo Hirakawa

Publisher: Wiley

Published: 2019-12-31

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 9780470686096

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book takes an interdisciplinary approach to detailing modern digital camera processing pipeline design, unifying the diverse, multi-faceted fields involved by developing a common language, and by providing different entry points for practitioners with various backgrounds. It covers the entire process of digital photography, from the shutter click to the production of a displayable image, leading to an understanding of all facets of camera design. The focus is on the building blocks that make up the processing pipeline, and system-level considerations for how these blocks are put together, enabling the reader to understand the complexities of digital cameras. Background chapters provide a basic understanding of the different subject areas involved in the pipeline, followed by the detail of digital pipeline design. Core/baseline pipeline is covered (eg CFA sampling, demosaicking, colour correction, white balance), before moving on to advanced features (eg face detection, high dynamic range, video, bad pixel amelioration, denoising, sensor crosstalk, barrel distortion, deblurring, colour enhancement), and implementational details (eg ASIC, DSP, cell phone) that differentiate one pipeline from another.

A Testing Procedure to Characterize Color and Spatial Quality of Digital Cameras Used to Image Cultural Heritage
A Testing Procedure to Characterize Color and Spatial Quality of Digital Cameras Used to Image Cultural Heritage

Author: Erin P. Murphy

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 660

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"A testing procedure for characterizing both the color and spatial image quality of trichromatic digital cameras, which are used to photograph paintings in cultural heritage institutions, is described. This testing procedure is target-based, thus providing objective measures of quality. The majority of the testing procedure followed current standards from national and international organizations such as ANSI, ISO, and IEC. The procedure was developed in an academic research laboratory and used to benchmark four representative American museums' digital-camera systems and workfows. The quality parameters tested included system spatial uniformity, tone reproduction, color reproduction accuracy, noise, dynamic range, spatial cross-talk, spatial frequency response, color-channel registration, and depth of field. In addition, two paintings were imaged and processed through each museum's normal digirtal workflow. The results of the our case studies showed many dissimilarities among the digital-camera systems and workflows of American museums, which cause a significant range in the archival quality of their digital masters"--Abstract.