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Author: Jill Ogline Titus
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 297
ISBN-13: 0807835072
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWhen the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its decision in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, Prince Edward County, Virginia, home to one of the five cases combined by the Court under Brown, abolished its public school system rather than inte
Author: Jill Ogline Titus
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Published: 2011-12-05
Total Pages: 296
ISBN-13: 0807869368
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWhen the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its decision in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, Prince Edward County, Virginia, home to one of the five cases combined by the Court under Brown, abolished its public school system rather than integrate. Jill Titus situates the crisis in Prince Edward County within the seismic changes brought by Brown and Virginia's decision to resist desegregation. While school districts across the South temporarily closed a building here or there to block a specific desegregation order, only in Prince Edward did local authorities abandon public education entirely--and with every intention of permanence. When the public schools finally reopened after five years of struggle--under direct order of the Supreme Court--county authorities employed every weapon in their arsenal to ensure that the newly reopened system remained segregated, impoverished, and academically substandard. Intertwining educational and children's history with the history of the black freedom struggle, Titus draws on little-known archival sources and new interviews to reveal the ways that ordinary people, black and white, battled, and continue to battle, over the role of public education in the United States.
Author: Candace Epps-Robertson
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Published: 2018-10-31
Total Pages: 245
ISBN-13: 0822986450
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMany localities in America resisted integration in the aftermath of the Brown v. Board of Education rulings (1954, 1955). Virginia’s Prince Edward County stands as perhaps the most extreme. Rather than fund integrated schools, the county’s board of supervisors closed public schools from 1959 until 1964. The only formal education available for those locked out of school came in 1963 when the combined efforts of Prince Edward’s African American community and aides from President John F. Kennedy’s administration established the Prince Edward County Free School Association (Free School). This temporary school system would serve just over 1,500 students, both black and white, aged 6 through 23. Drawing upon extensive archival research, Resisting Brown presents the Free School as a site in which important rhetorical work took place. Candace Epps-Robertson analyzes public discourse that supported the school closures as an effort and manifestation of citizenship and demonstrates how the establishment of the Free School can be seen as a rhetorical response to white supremacist ideologies. The school’s mission statements, philosophies, and commitment to literacy served as arguments against racialized constructions of citizenship. Prince Edward County stands as a microcosm of America’s struggle with race, literacy, and citizenship.
Author: Max Krochmal
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Published: 2021-11-09
Total Pages: 484
ISBN-13: 1477323791
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNot one but two civil rights movements flourished in mid-twentieth century Texas, and they did so in intimate conversation with one another. Far from the gaze of the national media, African American and Mexican American activists combated the twin caste systems of Jim Crow and Juan Crow. These insurgents worked chiefly within their own racial groups, yet they also looked to each other for guidance and, at times, came together in solidarity. The movements sought more than integration and access: they demanded power and justice. Civil Rights in Black and Brown draws on more than 500 oral history interviews newly collected across Texas, from the Panhandle to the Piney Woods and everywhere in between. The testimonies speak in detail to the structure of racism in small towns and huge metropolises—both the everyday grind of segregation and the haunting acts of racial violence that upheld Texas’s state-sanctioned systems of white supremacy. Through their memories of resistance and revolution, the activists reveal previously undocumented struggles for equity, as well as the links Black and Chicanx organizers forged in their efforts to achieve self-determination.
Author: Carol Anderson
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Published: 2020-08-06
Total Pages: 292
ISBN-13: 1526632055
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis young adult adaptation of the New York Times bestselling White Rage is essential antiracist reading for teens. An NAACP Image Award finalist A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year A NYPL Best Book for Teens History texts often teach that the United States has made a straight line of progress toward Black equality. The reality is more complex: milestones like the end of slavery, school integration, and equal voting rights have all been met with racist legal and political maneuverings meant to limit that progress. We Are Not Yet Equal examines five of these moments: The end of the Civil War and Reconstruction was greeted with Jim Crow laws; the promise of new opportunities in the North during the Great Migration was limited when blacks were physically blocked from moving away from the South; the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision was met with the shutting down of public schools throughout the South; the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 led to laws that disenfranchised millions of African American voters and a War on Drugs that disproportionally targeted blacks; and the election of President Obama led to an outburst of violence including the death of Black teen Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri as well as the election of Donald Trump. Including photographs and archival imagery and extra context, backmatter, and resources specifically for teens, this book provides essential history to help work for an equal future.
Author: Vincent D. Willis
Publisher: University of Georgia Press
Published: 2021-08
Total Pages: 228
ISBN-13: 0820368865
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Julian Maxwell Hayter
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Published: 2017-06-02
Total Pages: 361
ISBN-13: 081316950X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOnce the capital of the Confederacy and the industrial hub of slave-based tobacco production, Richmond, Virginia has been largely overlooked in the context of twentieth century urban and political history. By the early 1960s, the city served as an important center for integrated politics, as African Americans fought for fair representation and mobilized voters in order to overcome discriminatory policies. Richmond's African Americans struggled to serve their growing communities in the face of unyielding discrimination. Yet, due to their dedication to strengthening the Voting Rights Act of 1965, African American politicians held a city council majority by the late 1970s. In The Dream Is Lost, Julian Maxwell Hayter describes more than three decades of national and local racial politics in Richmond and illuminates the unintended consequences of civil rights legislation. He uses the city's experience to explain the political abuses that often accompany American electoral reforms and explores the arc of mid-twentieth-century urban history. In so doing, Hayter not only reexamines the civil rights movement's origins, but also seeks to explain the political, economic, and social implications of the freedom struggle following the major legislation of the 1960s. Hayter concludes his study in the 1980s and follows black voter mobilization to its rational conclusion—black empowerment and governance. However, he also outlines how Richmond's black majority council struggled to the meet the challenges of economic forces beyond the realm of politics. The Dream Is Lost vividly illustrates the limits of political power, offering an important view of an underexplored aspect of the post–civil rights era.
Author: Paul J. Ramsey
Publisher: IAP
Published: 2012-10-01
Total Pages: 581
ISBN-13: 1623960096
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe American Educational History Journal is a peer?reviewed, national research journal devoted to the examination of educational topics using perspectives from a variety of disciplines. The editors of AEHJ encourage communication between scholars from numerous disciplines, nationalities, institutions, and backgrounds. Authors come from a variety of disciplines including political science, curriculum, history, philosophy, teacher education, and educational leadership. Acceptance for publication in AEHJ requires that each author present a well?articulated argument that deals substantively with questions of educational history.
Author: Rebecca Keese
Publisher: Dorrance Publishing
Published: 2023-07-05
Total Pages: 45
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAbout the Book There are many names quickly recognized in the battle for civil rights: Martin Luther King Jr., Ruby Bridges, and Rosa Parks – but another you should learn of is Barbara Johns, a sixteen-year-old African American from Farmville, Virginia, who, in 1951, organized and launched a school strike demanding a public high school equal to the one for white students. She and her classmates walked out because they wanted a better education, an equal education, leading to better opportunities. At the time, Barbara didn’t know if her actions would achieve what she wanted. She certainly had no idea she was starting a thirteen-year fight for equality in public education that would involve the entire country. She never would’ve imagined that her school strike would help change American history. She was just doing what she believed was right. The fight for true equality in not just education, but in many aspects of American life continues. Young people, black and white, do not know the extent of the history of racism in our country and schools are now facing challenges to the content of history education. She Stepped Up: Barbara Johns Starts the Fight for Equality in Education tells the story of Barbara Johns, another name to recognize in our battle for civil rights in the US. About the Author Rebecca Keese is a retired elementary and upper elementary school librarian and reading specialist in Charlottesville, Virginia. It was difficult to find African American history for challenged readers and for library shelves that spoke to and about young people. A visit to the Moton Museum in Farmville, Virginia spurred her to write an approachable biography, including all the features of expository text, about a young person who spoke up for what she believed was right.
Author: Worth Kamili Hayes
Publisher: Northwestern University Press
Published: 2019-12-15
Total Pages: 192
ISBN-13: 0810141205
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWinner, 2020 American Educational Studies Association Critics' Choice Award As battles over school desegregation helped define a generation of civil rights activism in the United States, a less heralded yet equally important movement emerged in Chicago. Following World War II, an unprecedented number of African Americans looked beyond the issue of racial integration by creating their own schools. This golden age of private education gave African Americans unparalleled autonomy to avoid discriminatory public schools and to teach their children in the best ways they saw fit. In Schools of Our Own, Worth Kamili Hayes recounts how a diverse contingent of educators, nuns, and political activists embraced institution building as the most effective means to attain quality education. Schools of Our Own makes a fascinating addition to scholarly debates about education, segregation, African American history, and Chicago, still relevant in contemporary discussions about the fate of American public schooling.
