This SpringerBrief investigates the special challenges of broadcast design in cognitive radio (CR) ad hoc networks. It introduces two broadcast protocols in CR ad hoc networks: a quality-of-service based broadcast protocol under blind information and a fully-distributed broadcast protocol with collision avoidance. A novel unified analytical model is also presented to analyze the performance of the broadcast protocols. This is the first book dedicated to the unique broadcast design challenges in CR ad hoc networks. The authors also discuss the recent research on the performance analysis of broadcast protocols. Broadcast Design In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks is designed for professionals and researchers working in the wireless networks industry. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science, especially those focused on wireless networks will find this information very valuable.
This Springer Brief investigates spectrum sharing with limited channel feedback in various cognitive radio systems, such as point-to-point, broadcast scheduling and ad-hoc networks. The design aim is to optimally allocate the secondary resources to improve the throughput of secondary users while maintaining a certain quality of service for primary users. The analytical results of optimal resource allocation are derived via optimization theory and are verified by the numerical results. The results demonstrate the secondary performance is significantly improved by limited feedback and is further improved by more feedback bits, more secondary receivers and more primary side information.
Cognitive radios (CR) technology is capable of sensing its surrounding environment and adapting its internal states by making corresponding changes in certain operating parameters. CR is envisaged to solve the problems of the limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage. CR has been considered in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), which enable wireless devices to dynamically establish networks without necessarily using a fixed infrastructure. The changing spectrum environment and the importance of protecting the transmission of the licensed users of the spectrum mainly differentiate classical MANETs from CR-MANETs. The cognitive capability and re-configurability of CR-MANETs have opened up several areas of research which have been explored extensively and continue to attract research and development. The book will describe CR-MANETs concepts, intrinsic properties and research challenges of CR-MANETs. Distributed spectrum management functionalities, such as spectrum sensing and sharing, will be presented. The design, optimization and performance evaluation of security issues and upper layers in CR-MANETs, such as transport and application layers, will be investigated.
This book provides an overview of the latest research and development of new technologies for cognitive radio, mobile communications, and wireless networks. The contributors discuss the research and requirement analysis and initial standardization work towards 5G cellular systems and the capacity problems it presents. They show how cognitive radio, with the capability to flexibly adapt its parameters, has been proposed as the enabling technology for unlicensed secondary users to dynamically access the licensed spectrum owned by legacy primary users on a negotiated or an opportunistic basis. They go on to show how cognitive radio is now perceived in a much broader paradigm that will contribute to solve the resource allocation problem that 5G requirements raise. The chapters represent hand-selected expanded papers from EAI sponsored and hosted conferences such as the 12th EAI International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems, the 11th EAI International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness, the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks, the 8th International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications, and the EAI International Conference on Software Defined Wireless Networks and Cognitive Technologies for IoT.
Common control channels in cognitive radio (CR) ad hoc networks are spectrum resources temporarily allocated and commonly available to CR users for control message exchange. With no presumably available network infrastructure, CR users rely on cooperation to perform spectrum management functions. One the one hand, CR users need to cooperate to establish common control channels, but on the other hand, they need to have common control channels to facilitate such cooperation. This control channel problem is further complicated by primary user (PU) activities, channel impairments, and intelligent attackers. Therefore, how to reliably and securely establish control links in CR ad hoc networks is a challenging problem. In this work, a framework for control channel design and analysis is proposed to address control channel reliability and security challenges for seamless communication and spectral efficiency in CR ad hoc networks. The framework tackles the problem from three perspectives: (i) responsiveness to PU activities: an efficient recovery control channel method is devised to efficiently establish control links and extend control channel coverage upon PU's return while mitigating the interference with PUs, (ii) robustness to channel impairments: a reinforcement learning-based cooperative sensing method is introduced to improve cooperative gain and mitigate cooperation overhead, and (iii) resilience to jamming attacks: a jamming-resilient control channel method is developed to combat jamming under the impacts of PU activities and spectrum sensing errors by leveraging intrusion defense strategies. This research is particularly attractive to emergency relief, public safety, military, and commercial applications where CR users are highly likely to operate in spectrum-scarce or hostile environment.
A cognitive network makes use of the information gathered from the network in order to sense the environment, plan actions according to the input, and make appropriate decisions using a reasoning engine. The ability of cognitive networks to learn from the past and use that knowledge to improve future decisions makes them a key area of interest for anyone whose work involves wireless networks and communications. Cognitive Networks: Applications and Deployments examines recent developments in cognitive networks from the perspective of cutting-edge applications and deployments. Presenting the contributions of internationally renowned experts, it supplies complete and balanced treatment of the fundamentals of both cognitive radio communications and cognitive networks—together with implementation details. The book includes case studies and detailed descriptions of cognitive radio platforms and testbeds that demonstrate how to build real-world cognitive radio systems and network architectures. It begins with an introduction to efficient spectrum management and presents a survey on joint routing and dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks. Next, it examines radio spectrum sensing and network coding and design. It explores intelligent routing in graded cognitive networks and presents an energy-efficient routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks. The book concludes by considering dynamic radio spectrum access and examining vehicular cognitive networks and applications. Presenting the latest standards and spectrum policy developments, the book’s strong practical orientation provides you with the understanding you will need to participate in the development of compliant cognitive systems.
Radio interference is a problem that has plagued air communication since its inception. Advances in cognitive radio science help to mitigate these concerns. Cognitive Radio Technology Applications for Wireless and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks provides an in-depth exploration of cognitive radio and its applications in mobile and/or wireless network settings. The book combines a discussion of existing literature with current and future research to create an integrated approach that is useful both as a textbook for students of computer science and as a reference book for researchers and practitioners engaged in solving the complex problems and future challenges of cognitive radio technologies.
Broadcast spectrum is scarce, both in terms of our ability to access existing spectrum and as a result of access rules created by governments. An emerging paradigm called cognitive radio, however, has the potential to allow different systems to dynamically access and opportunistically exploit the same frequency band in an efficient way, thereby allowing broadcasters to use spectrum more efficiently. Cognitive Radio and Interference Management: Technology and Strategy brings together state-of-the-art research results on cognitive radio and interference management from both theoretical and practical perspectives. It serves as a bridge between people who are working to develop theoretical and practical research in cognitive radio and interference management, and therefore facilitate the future development of cognitive radio and its applications.
This thesis describes how to design and analyze ad hoc cognitive radio networks. In a cognitive radio scenario which consists of primary users and secondary users, secondary users are allowed to opportunistically access the existing spectrum without adverse effect on primary users. A cognitive radio network is allowed to detect its communication environment, replace the parameters of its communication scheme to raise the quality of service for secondary users and decrease the interference to primary users. Alternatively, the other approach to implementing a cognitive radio network is to allow simultaneous transmission of primary users and secondary users, which is also termed as spectrum sharing. In this technique, a secondary transmitter can transmit while its maximum interference to the primary receiver is smaller than the predefined threshold. However, a secondary user must control its transmit power to get a reasonable transmission rate. In spectrum sharing approach, we maximize the ergodic capacity and minimize bit error rate under different constraints at the primary users. The effect of reducing channel side information at the secondary transmitter is discussed for both optimization problems. We will then extend the simple model to ad hoc cognitive radio network where higher number of links in primary and secondary networks exists. The interference from primary and other secondary transmitters were separately discussed. In a similar system model, we also analyze outage probability of secondary users under AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels, while applying Poisson distribution to accurately account for the spatial distribution of secondary users in a 2-dimensional plane. The explicit expressions are derived based on different parameters such as signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold, path loss exponent, signal-to-noise-ratio in the absence of interference and density of secondary interferes. The obtained results can be used to design and implementation of new protocols in ad hoc networks such that the highest data rate can be transmitted from a source node to a destination node with the lowest bit error rate. The next part of this thesis is concerned with minimization of power transmission in co-channel femtocell networks in order to reduce the interference inflicted on the macrocell users while satisfying a target constraint on either the capacity or the BER. This minimization is applied in two different system models. We also prove that minimizing the transmit power can be utilized to further enhance energy efficiency in femtocell networks.
Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks gives comprehensive and balanced coverage of the principles of cognitive radio communications, cognitive networks, and details of their implementation, including the latest developments in the standards and spectrum policy. Case studies, end-of-chapter questions, and descriptions of various platforms and test beds, together with sample code, give hands-on knowledge of how cognitive radio systems can be implemented in practice. Extensive treatment is given to several standards, including IEEE 802.22 for TV White Spaces and IEEE SCC41 Written by leading people in the field, both at universities and major industrial research laboratories, this tutorial text gives communications engineers, R&D engineers, researchers, undergraduate and post graduate students a complete reference on the application of wireless communications and network theory for the design and implementation of cognitive radio systems and networks Each chapter is written by internationally renowned experts, giving complete and balanced treatment of the fundamentals of both cognitive radio communications and cognitive networks, together with implementation details Extensive treatment of the latest standards and spectrum policy developments enables the development of compliant cognitive systems Strong practical orientation – through case studies and descriptions of cognitive radio platforms and testbeds – shows how real world cognitive radio systems and network architectures have been built Alexander M. Wyglinski is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), Director of the WPI Limerick Project Center, and Director of the Wireless Innovation Laboratory (WI Lab) Each chapter is written by internationally renowned experts, giving complete and balanced treatment of the fundamentals of both cognitive radio communications and cognitive networks, together with implementation details Extensive treatment of the latest standards and spectrum policy developments enables the development of compliant cognitive systems Strong practical orientation – through case studies and descriptions of cognitive radio platforms and testbeds – shows how "real world" cognitive radio systems and network architectures have been built
